Abstract
Readily evaluate health systems in 69 countries!
Barack Obama' s plans for healthcare reform in the US have generated a great
deal of controversy, with opponents appalled at what they see as an increasing
tax burden and over involvement of the state. In contrast, the UK' s NHS
provides a comprehensive state-funded health service for everyone at the point
of need. Despite detractors, the UK model is widely admired and vigorously
defended even though such a scheme is anathema to the antireformists in the
USA. Are these polarised opinions based on misinformation or a genuine
philosophical divergence, and how does the rest of the world approach
organised healthcare?
Despite having the same aim, the organisation and provision of healthcare
varies considerably from country to country. Sometimes centralised, sometimes
distributed regionally, there are wide variations in the level, funding and
scope of health provision.
For international industry managers, appreciating the structure and complexity
of health organisation is key knowledge, which is why The Executive Guide to
Worldwide Healthcare Organisation is an essential business reference for
today' s health industry managers and planners. In 200 information-packed pages
it provides a country-by-country review of health systems around the world
and:
- Identifies the role of the state in health provision
- Examines the organisational structures and structure combinations used -
central funding, national health systems or social insurance
- Considers the role played by public/private facilities
- Assesses the complexities of providing health within a regional/federal
structure
- Highlights countries with no effective health organisation
Whether it' s a developed and well-established market or a developing country
still implementing its model, this invaluable report provides a concise and
readable guide to healthcare systems worldwide.
Answering key questions...
- How did a change in the Belgian health insurance scheme benefit the
self-employed?
- How are hospitals organised in Finland?
- What effect has a change in government had on co-payments in the Czech
Republic?
- How many private health insurance companies are there in Brazil?
- What can be learnt from South Korea' s largely private health systems?
- How will Morocco' s current 5-year plan (2008-2012) change the management
of hospitals?
Table of Contents
Foreword
Introduction
Western Europe
Central and Eastern Europe
Latin America
North America
Asia-Pacific
Middle East/North Africa
Western Europe
Austria
- Hospital Care
- Outpatient Care
- Medical Staff
- Financing and Health Insurance
- Healthcare Reform, 2005
Belgium
Hospital Services Ambulatory Services Health Insurance
Denmark
The State Regions Municipalities Fees and Financing Health Policies
Finland
France
- National Health Agencies
- Regional Health Agencies
- Public Hospitals
- Hospital Restructuring
- Regional Health Organisation Plans (SROS)
- Ambulatory Services
- Health Insurance System
Germany
- Federal Ministries
- Lander Institutions
- Healthcare System Reform 2007
- Health Insurance for Everyone
- Improvement of Medical Care
- Outpatient care
- Claim to vaccination and spa treatments
- Claim to home nursing
- Claim to reasonable rehabilitative services
- Medicines
- Modernisation of the statutory and private health funds
- Bespoke services - two examples of new tariffs
- The basic tariff for private health insurance
- Reforming the Financing Base: The Health Fund
Greece
Ireland
Italy
- National Level
- Regional Level
- Local Level
- Private Health Insurance
- Health System Reforms
Netherlands
- Dutch Healthcare Authority (NZa)
- Health Care Inspectorate (IGZ)
- Institutional Care
- Hospital Diagnosis Treatment Combinations (DBCs)
- Ambulatory Care
- Health Insurance
- Health Insurance Act
- The Exceptional Medical Expenses Act (EMEA)
- Supplementary Health Insurance
Norway
- The State
- Regions
- Municipalities
Portugal
- Ministry of Health
- Central Services:
- Specialised Services:
- National Health Service
- Regional Health Administrations
- Private Health Insurance
- Public Hospital Privatisations
- PPP Privatisation, 2007/ 2008
Spain
- Health Cohesion & Quality Law
- Private Health Insurance
Sweden
Switzerland
United Kingdom
- Finances
- Performance
- Structure
- Department of Health
- Strategic Health Authorities (SHAs)
- Primary Care Trusts (PCTs)
- Acute Trusts
- NHS Foundation Trusts
- NHS Care Trusts
- Ambulance Trusts
- National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE)
- The NHS allows private drug top-ups
- NHS Schemes and Initiatives
- Payment by Results
- Patient Choice
- Independent Sector Programme
Central & Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
- Health Insurance
- User Fees
- National Health Strategy 2008-2013
Croatia
Czech Republic
Estonia
Hungary
- National Health Fund Administration
- Local Government
- Private Healthcare
- Healthcare Reform
Latvia
Lithuania
Poland
Romania
Russia
Serbia
Slovakia
- Health Insurance Developments
Slovenia
Ukraine
North America
Canada
- Quebec Private Healthcare Insurance Ban Overturned, 2005
- C$41 Billion Ten Year Healthcare Plan 2004-2014
USA
Centres for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
- Medicare
- Prospective Payment System
- Medicaid
- State Children' s Health Insurance Programme
- Health Insurance Portaility and Accountability Act of 1996
- Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments
Private Health Provision
- Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association (BCBSA)
- Managed Care
Latin America
Argentina
- Strengthening the Basic Healthcare Strategy Project
- Essential Public Health Functions & Programmes Project
- Provincial Maternal - Child Health Investment Project - Second Phase
- Primary Healthcare Reform Project
- Health Insurance
Brazil
Chile
- SNSS / FONASA
- Isapres
- Isapre Changes, Problems and Price Increases
- The Reform
- Financing Government Expenditure Law
- Health Authority & Management Law
- Health Guarantees System Law (AUGE)
Colombia
- Universal Health Insurance
Costa Rica
- CCSS
- Primary Care Level
- Secondary Care Level
- Tertiary Care Level
- INS
Cuba
Mexico
- Stewardship
- Financial Imbalances
- Social Security
Peru
- MINSA
- ESSALUD
- FFAA & PNP
- Non-Public Providers
- SIS
Venezuela
- MPPS
- IVSS
- Metropolitan Public Health System
Asia/Pacific
Australia
- Commonwealth level
- State/Territory & Local Governments
Bangladesh
China
- US$124 Billion Healthcare Reform Plan
Ministry of Health
- Hospitals
- Rural Healthcare
Health Insurance
- Background
- Medical Insurance to Cover all Urban Citizens by 2010
- New Co-operative Medical Scheme (formerly Rural Co-operative Medical
Scheme)
- Commercial Medical Insurance
- Red Cross Society of China
India
- Health Insurance
- Apollo Family Health Plan
Indonesia
- New Health Insurance Programme for Poor - Jamkesmas
Japan
Korea
Malaysia
- Ninth Development Plan Allocation (2006-2010)
New Zealand
- 1993-1999
- Present System
- District Health Boards (DHBs)
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
Taiwan
- Medical Care Network
- National Health Insurance
Thailand
- Central Administration
- Government Pharmaceutical Organisation
- Health System Research Institute
- Regional/Provincial Administration
- Other Health Providers
- Private Sector
Vietnam
- Health Insurance in Vietnam
Middle East
Bahrain
Egypt
- Government Sector (Ministry of Health)
- Public Sector
- Private Sector
Iran
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Morocco
- Five Year Action Plan for the Health Sector (2008-2012)
- Health Insurance
- Compulsory Health Insurance Scheme
- Ramed Scheme
Oman
- Directorate General of Planning
- Directorate General of Regional Health Services
Saudi Arabia
- GOSI
- Armed Forces
- National Guard
- Ministry of the Interior
- Red Crescent Society
- University/Specialist Hospitals
- Pilgrim Health
- Private Sector
- Private Health Insurance
- Eighth Development Plan
Syria
Turkey
- Health Insurance
- General Health Insurance Act (GHI)
United Arab Emirates
- Strategic Framework for Health 2008-2010
- New Healthcare System for Dubai
- Dubai Healthcare City
- First Public Private Partnership Agreement
- Health Insurance
Appendix 1: Statistical Comparisons
Appendix 2: Sources
