2006 The Fibre Report - Global Overview and Technologies

리서치사	Paul Budde Communication Pty Ltd.
발행일	2006년 07월	상품코드	42092
페이지 정보	105 PAGES
가격	US $ 3,400 ￦ 4,029,000 PDF by E-mail (Site License)

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영문목차
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영문목차

Abstract

Annual report on: Fibre to the home (FttH, FttC, FttP), optical communications, optical fibre, ATM and IP developments, blown fibre, Ethernet, Passive Optical Networks (B-PON, E-PON, G-PON), switched digital video, MPEG, xDSL (VDSL, SDSL, ADSL), HFC, SDH/SONET, MPLS. Developments in: USA, Canada, Europe and Asia Pacific.

Report also contains:

Global market and industry overviews and analyses
Trends and Developments
Growth prediction
Costing analyses
Business Strategies
Regional overviews
Industry issues and regulatory
Technology overviews

Executive Summary

Fibre-to-the-Home (FttH) is undoubtedly the next development in telecommunications (and broadcasting) infrastructure. Once the 1st and 2nd generation broadband networks start to reach penetration levels of 20%, the pressure on the national infrastructure will start to grow. Video-based communication will be the killer applications on these networks. Access will be a key issue and eventually through fragmentation of the incumbents and/or regulatory reform, structural separation will take place between the basic infrastructure and the retail activities.

During the mid 00s, the technological resilience of the copper-based network in the wake of broadband was a setback for Fibre-to-the-Home (FttH) deployment. However, these networks are showing that there is an enormous appetite for broadband and these developments are leading to a much clearer indication of the demand for optical fibre, and the business models which need to be developed for it. Japan is leading the world and the USA is also rapidly rolling out. Other opportunities exist for developers, cities and states/provinces, who see FttH as an important infrastructure development and, as such, are prepared to take the lead in FttH roll-outs.

Since 2004, governments have been laying fibre infrastructure to be ready when it finally becomes cost effective to install the connections and 'light up' the opitical fibre cables. Countries such as Iceland, Japan, Korea, Singapore and Sweden have been most progressive - already installing extensive fibre connections to neighbourhoods or homes. Japan and Korea are in the process of a nationwide rollout of fibre optic cables. In Iceland, Lina.Net together with Ericsson, has established a residential fibre network capable of delivering speeds of up to 100Mb/s.

One of the most likely technologies that will bring us to the next generation of broadband is the 1972 developed Ethernet system from Rank Xerox. This has been further developed to facilitate the requirements of high-speed data, and so-called Gigabit Ethernet will be the preferred network technology of the new carriers that are emerging around the world. But we are not there yet. It will bring network costs down by 60%, but deployment is capital intensive and problems such as scalability still need to be sorted out. The real test however, will be the correct timing and developing the right business models. Telcos are still nervous about this.

1. THE FTTH MARKET IN 2006

1.1FttH analysis - mid 2006
- 1.1.1DSL is building the business case for FttH
- 1.1.2Growth patterns and predictions
- 1.1.3Fibre-to-the-Node and VDSL
- 1.1.4Where is the current action in FttH
  - 1.1.4.1Business market
  - 1.1.4.2Infrastructure upgrades
  - 1.1.4.3New housing developments
- 1.1.5Telcos still reluctant
- 1.1.6Business opportunities for FttH niche telcos
- 1.1.7Alternative infrastructure developments
- 1.1.8The costs of FttH
  - 1.1.8.1AT&T estimates
1.2Reviewing the current status of FttH
- 1.2.1No business case for large-scale deployments
- 1.2.2Business drivers
1.3Initial drivers: utilities and local councils
1.4Structural separation a must for FTTH
1.5Regional overviews
- 1.5.1Introduction
- 1.5.2USA - trailing behind Asia
- 1.5.3Canada - early stages
- 1.5.4Latin america - rapid pace
- 1.5.5Europe - Fttx kicked off by utilities and local councils
- 1.5.6Asia - bucking the trend
- 1.5.7Africa - Lack of infrastructure

2. BROADBAND INFRASTRUCTURE

2.1FttH issues
- 2.1.1'Build and they will come' - back in favour
- 2.1.2Optical communications
- 2.1.3FttC definitions
- 2.1.4Future infrastructure - strategic analysis
  - 2.1.4.1Future scenario planning
  - 2.1.4.2From telecommunications to information highway
  - 2.1.4.3Converging networks
  - 2.1.4.3.1ATM didn't quite make it
  - 2.1.4.3.2Developments based on the Web
  - 2.1.4.3.3Merging ATM and IP
- 2.1.5Fibre-based access
  - 2.1.5.1Early trials - brief overview
  - 2.1.5.2Massive changes in network management
  - 2.1.5.3Migration patterns
- 2.1.6The nationwide road to FttH will take 10-15 years
- 2.1.7Fibre-to-the-Node (FttN)
  - 2.1.7.1Analysis - early 2006
  - 2.1.7.1.1Well-suited for monopolists
  - 2.1.7.1.2FttN anti-competitive
  - 2.1.7.1.3Facilities-based competition?
  - 2.1.7.1.4Incumbents want domination across all services
  - 2.1.7.1.5Urgent government leadership required
  - 2.1.7.1.6Weeks later, delays announced
- 2.1.8Blown Fibre
  - 2.1.8.1Introduction
  - 2.1.8.2System overview
  - 2.1.8.3Key components
  - 2.1.8.4Applications
2.2FttH first deployments
- 2.2.1Introduction

3. TECHNOLOGY

3.1Introduction
3.2Customer needs
- 3.2.1Downstream data rates
- 3.2.2Upstream data rates
- 3.2.3QoS
- 3.2.4POTS, reliability and backup powering
- 3.2.5Video
- 3.2.6Business requirements
3.3Needs of telecommunications carriers
- 3.3.1Reach and equipment location
- 3.3.2Redundancy and switchover times
- 3.3.3OAM - Operations Administration and Maintenance
- 3.3.4Support for 'legacy' services
- 3.3.5Regulatory requirements
3.4Standards organisations and industry bodies
- 3.4.1ITU-T
- 3.4.2FSAN
- 3.4.3IEEE - Ethernet in the First Mile (EFM)
- 3.4.4Metro Ethernet Forum
- 3.4.5EFM Consortium
3.5Architectural considerations
- 3.5.1Point-to-point vs. PON
  - 3.5.1.1Active optical network - star topology
  - 3.5.1.2Passive Optical Network - PON
- 3.5.2Optics for single-fibre operation
  - 3.5.2.1Integration and mass-production
  - 3.5.2.2Sub-optimal attenuation
  - 3.5.2.3Laser power and link budgets
  - 3.5.2.4Dispersion limits
  - 3.5.2.5Extending capacity in the future
- 3.5.3Video distribution at 1550nm
  - 3.5.3.1Complex modulation at OLT
  - 3.5.3.2Distance limits
  - 3.5.3.3ONU and PON requirements
- 3.5.4'Carrier grade' reliability and management
  - 3.5.4.1Connectivity layer OAM
  - 3.5.4.2Services layer OAM
- 3.5.5Ethernet-centric vs. other transport mechanisms
  - 3.5.5.1Pseudowires
  - 3.5.5.2Longer Ethernet frames
3.6Alternative fibre strategies
- 3.6.1Single mode fibre problems
- 3.6.2Plastic Optical Fibre - POF
- 3.6.3Air-blown Fibre
3.7Metro Ethernet services
- 3.7.1Symmetrical data rates
- 3.7.2E-Line Ethernet Line Service
- 3.7.3E-LAN Ethernet LAN Service
3.8ITU G.983 APON/BPON
- 3.8.1Protection switching difficult in a PON
- 3.8.2RF video wavelength
3.9ITU G.984 GPON37
3.10ITU G.985 Point-to-point
3.11802.3ah Point-to-Point
3.12802.3ah EPON
- 3.12.1Chinese proposals for 802.2ah
  - 3.12.1.1Circuit emulation
- 3.12.22 10Gb/s 802.3ah EPONs
  - 3.12.2.1Power and scattering problems
  - 3.12.2.2Dispersion limits
3.13Fttc and VDSL
- 3.13.1Introduction
  - 3.13.1.1Historical Background
  - 3.13.1.1.1Triple play demand
- 3.13.2Single and multi-carrier modulation techniques
  - 3.13.2.1QAM or CAP - Carrierless Amplitude Phase
  - 3.13.2.1.1CAP's difficulty with multipath
- 3.13.3DMT - OFDM
  - 3.13.3.1Multiple sub-carriers and long symbol times
  - 3.13.3.2Impulse rejection
  - 3.13.3.3Narrowband interference rejection
  - 3.13.3.4Minimising outgoing interference
  - 3.13.3.5Adapting to noise conditions
  - 3.13.3.6Digital duplexing
- 3.13.4Early, non-ITU, standards
  - 3.13.4.1Fast and slow channels
  - 3.13.4.2ETSI TM 06
  - 3.13.4.3ANSI T1.424
  - 3.13.4.4Ethernet in the First Mile - IEEE 802.3ah
  - 3.13.4.4.1Bonding and multiple lines
  - 3.13.4.4.2EFM VDSL Applications
  - 3.13.4.5ITU G.993.1
  - 3.13.4.6Frequency Plans
  - 3.13.4.6.1Lower limit
  - 3.13.4.6.2Upper limit
  - 3.13.4.6.3G.993.1 band-plans
  - 3.13.4.6.4Attenuation and crosstalk
- 3.13.5ITU G.993.2 VDSL2
  - 3.13.5.1Trellis coding
  - 3.13.5.2VDSL2 profiles
  - 3.13.5.2.1ADSL compatibility
  - 3.13.5.2.2Transmit Power Backoff
  - 3.13.5.2.3Bonding
  - 3.13.5.2.4Dynamic Spectrum Management
  - 3.13.5.2.5Vectoring and MIMO - Multiple In Multiple Out
  - 3.13.5.2.6Packet Transfer Mode
  - 3.13.5.2.7Short packets and pre-emption
- 3.13.6Ethernet rather than ATM for DSL
  - 3.13.6.1Multicast IP
  - 3.13.6.2Architectural diversity
  - 3.13.6.3Broadband Loop Carriers (BLC)
- 3.13.7Competition implications
  - 3.13.7.1Centralised spectrum management
  - 3.13.7.2Synchronisation precludes multiple DSLAMs
  - 3.13.7.3Power and installation space
- 3.13.8ADSL2+/VDSL Futures
- 3.13.9Fibre WDM
  - 3.13.9.1Historical perspective
  - 3.13.9.2Optical fibre links
  - 3.13.9.2.1PDH fibre-optic links
  - 3.13.9.2.2Wavelength division multiplexing
  - 3.13.9.2.2.1Fibres, attenuation, dispersion and distortion
  - 3.13.9.2.2.1.1Ideal fibre
  - 3.13.9.2.2.1.2Chromatic dispersion
  - 3.13.9.2.2.1.3Polarisation Mode Dispersion
  - 3.13.9.2.2.1.4Distortion
  - 3.13.9.2.2.2Soliton transmission
  - 3.13.9.2.2.3Lasers, modulation and detectors
  - 3.13.9.2.2.4Wavelengths and multiplexing
  - 3.13.9.2.2.5Optical amplification
  - 3.13.9.2.2.5.1EDFAs
  - 3.13.9.2.2.6Raman amplification

4. REGIONAL OVERVIEWS

4.1Asia
- 4.1.1Analysis - Asia bucks the trend with FttH
- 4.1.2Japan
  - 4.1.2.1Market overview
  - 4.1.2.2Development patterns
  - 4.1.2.3Fibre-to-the-Curb (FttC)
- 4.1.3South Korea
  - 4.1.3.1Market overview
- 4.1.4China
  - 4.1.4.1Market overview
  - 4.1.4.2Gigabit Ethernet / Fttx+LAN
- 4.1.5Other Asian markets
- 4.1.6Australia
  - 4.1.6.1Telstra's FttN Plan
  - 4.1.6.1.1Ambitious plans
  - 4.1.6.1.2Analysis
  - 4.1.6.1.2.1Well-suited for monopolists
  - 4.1.6.1.2.2FttN anti-competitive
  - 4.1.6.1.2.3Facilities-based competition?
  - 4.1.6.1.2.4Telstra wants domination across all services
  - 4.1.6.1.2.5Urgent government leadership required
  - 4.1.6.1.2.6Government is politicising the issue
  - 4.1.6.1.2.7Within weeks delays were announced
  - 4.1.6.1.3FttN - the need for industry cooperation
  - 4.1.6.1.4Optus-led industry initiative
  - 4.1.6.2Forecasting FttH
  - 4.1.6.3Slow move towards fibre - analysis mid-2006
  - 4.1.6.3.1Mexican Standoff
  - 4.1.6.3.2From HFC to FttH
  - 4.1.6.3.3The Foxtel anomaly
  - 4.1.6.3.4Iron grip on facilities
  - 4.1.6.3.5Still running behind
  - 4.1.6.3.6New FttH networks
  - 4.1.6.3.6.1Becoming cost effective
  - 4.1.6.3.6.2Telstra obstacles
  - 4.1.6.3.6.3Government leadership
  - 4.1.6.3.6.4Industry scenarios
  - 4.1.6.3.6.5Don't expect miracles
  - 4.1.6.4Regional fibre
  - 4.1.6.4.1Introduction
  - 4.1.6.4.2Fibre-to-the bush delivered to you by the Nationals
  - 4.1.6.4.2.1Fibre-to-the-bush
  - 4.1.6.4.2.2Heavy regulations
  - 4.1.6.4.2.3Comments
  - 4.1.6.4.2.4Interesting twist - Homestead
  - 4.1.6.4.3New government initiative
  - 4.1.6.4.4Fibre Towns in NSW
  - 4.1.6.5Unlock underutilised fibre
  - 4.1.6.6FTTH in new development projects
  - 4.1.6.6.1Market demand
  - 4.1.6.6.2Broadband key issue for developers of real estate
  - 4.1.6.6.3COLT (Ballarat)
- 4.1.7New Zealand
  - 4.1.7.1Optical cable
  - 4.1.7.2Local metropolitan fibre network initiatives
  - 4.1.7.2.1Inspired Networks - Palmerston CBD network
  - 4.1.7.2.2Vector Communications
  - 4.1.7.2.3Network Tasman
  - 4.1.7.2.3.1TelstraClear's involvement
  - 4.1.7.2.3.2Other projects
  - 4.1.7.2.4Flat Bush
4.2Europe
- 4.2.1Regulatory
- 4.2.2The European picture in 2006
  - 4.2.2.1Overview
  - 4.2.2.2Ireland
  - 4.2.2.3The Netherlands
  - 4.2.2.3.1Kenniswijk - Eindhoven Smart City Project
  - 4.2.2.3.2Almere project
  - 4.2.2.3.3Arnhem - non-government project
  - 4.2.2.3.4Nuenen
  - 4.2.2.4Italy
  - 4.2.2.5UK
  - 4.2.2.6Denmark
  - 4.2.2.6.1Wireless Community Network - Djurslands.net
  - 4.2.2.7France
  - 4.2.2.8Sweden
  - 4.2.2.8.1Bredbandsbolaget
  - 4.2.2.8.2PiteEnergi
4.3North America
- 4.3.1USA
  - 4.3.1.1FttH
  - 4.3.1.1.1Overview
  - 4.3.1.1.2FttH network rollout
  - 4.3.1.1.3FttH market forecasts
  - 4.3.1.2Government policy and FttH regulation
  - 4.3.1.2.1Government assisted FttH networks
  - 4.3.1.3RBOCFttH roll-out
  - 4.3.1.3.1Verizon Communications
  - 4.3.1.3.2SBC Communications
  - 4.3.1.3.3BellSouth
  - 4.3.1.3.4Qwest
  - 4.3.1.4Community FttH networks
- 4.3.2Canada
  - 4.3.2.1FttH
  - 4.3.2.1.1Overview
  - 4.3.2.1.2Aliant FttH trials

5. GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 - FTTH subscribers by region - mid 2006
Table 2 - Current broadband services
Table 3 - FttH subscriber growth in Japan - 2001 - 2005
Table 4 - Projected rollout of fibre networks (FttH and FttN) in USA - 2005 - 2010