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시장보고서
Corporate Credit Cards in the U.S.
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Abstract
The corporate credit card market continues to excite card issuers because its
potential, particularly among smaller companies, is virtually untapped.
Despite the massive efforts of Visa, MasterCard and American Express (and to a
dramatically lesser extent, by Discover and Diner' s Club), at the end of 2005,
card issuers had captured only two percent of the $16.2 trillion commercial
consumption expenditure market. Companies -- small, midsized and large --
continue to rely overwhelmingly on cash, checks and Automated Clearing House
(ACH) for their remittances.
Companies have increasingly turned to corporate cards to replace more
traditional labor-intensive and inefficient paper payment procedures. As with
the consumer market, segmentation is pervasive, with issuers competing to
provide businesses with more custom-tailored functions and payment services.
Even as product-differentiation intensifies, there has been a simultaneous
emphasis on one-card programs among issuers courting companies --mainly in the
middle-market -- with diverse functional payment needs. This fluidity among
card categories and functions is likely to make one-cards the choice for
companies looking to centralize spend control and to maximize processing
efficiency.
Corporate Credit Cards in the U.S., the 5th edition of Packaged Facts' popular
report, looks broadly at the commercial credit card categories, and examines
more in-depth and more critically the various products in those categories,
looking at the benefits, and in some cases, drawbacks to employers, employees,
suppliers and issuers. Next, the report examines current legal/regulatory
issues, likely to impact the future of the commercial credit card market. The
report also reviews each of the major associations/companies and issuers, as
well as profile commercial consumers. It assesses the current state of the
market and its potential and projected growth. And finally, the report
discusses the actual opportunities and obstacles on the way to increasing both
market share and product acceptance.
Report Methodology
The information in Corporate Credit Cards in the U.S. is based on primary
research, including interviews with industry participants, and secondary
research including articles appearing in financial, marketing, and trade
publications, government business and financial regulatory agencies data,
company literature, independent financial reports, and product advertising.
Statistics on market revenues and marketer share are based on an evaluation of
all available information on market sales and trends, including data for the
top corporate card issuers, data from SEC company filings; and trends and
figures reported by the trade press and Fitch Research. The analysis of
consumer demographics and product usage rates primarily derives from the
Simmons Market Research Bureau (New York, New York) Fall 2006 consumer survey.
About the Author
Elizabeth Rowe was the senior banking expert at Guideline, Inc. (a New York
consultancy/business advisory firm) for 11 years, directing research covering
the retail and commercial banking industries.
She has worked with nation' s largest banks as they assess new technologies,
track emerging issues and trends in their industry and benchmark against new
and traditional competitors.
She has taught at the ABA School of Bank Card Management and frequently speaks
at conferences. She has been widely quoted in the financial press inluding The
Economist, The Wall Street Journal, American Banker, Forbes, the Daily Deal,
CNN/fn and Money Management Executive.
What You' ll Get in this Report
Corporate Credit Cards in the U.S. makes important predictions and
recommendations regarding the future of this market, and pinpoints ways
current and prospective players can capitalize on current trends and spearhead
new ones. No other market research report provides both the comprehensive
analysis and extensive data that Corporate Credit Cards in the U.S. offers.
Plus, you' ll benefit from extensive data, presented in easy-to-read and
practical charts, tables and graphs.
How You Will Benefit from this Report
If your company is already doing business in the corporate and commercial
credit card market, or is considering making the leap, you will find this
report invaluable, as it provides a comprehensive package of information and
insight not offered in any other single source. You will gain a thorough
understanding of the current market for commercial credit cards (corporate,
purchase, fleet), as well as projected markets and trends through 2011.
This report will help:
- Marketing Managers identify market opportunities and develop
targeted promotion plans for corporate credit cards.
- Research and development professionals stay on top of competitor
initiatives and explore demand for corporate credit cards.
- Advertising agencies working with clients in the banking and retail
industries understand the product buyer to develop messages and images that
compel companies to use corporate credit cards.
- Business development executives understand the dynamics of the
market and identify possible partnerships.
- Information and research center librarians provide market
researchers, brand and product managers and other colleagues with the vital
information they need to do their jobs more effectively.
Table of Contents
Chapter One Executive Summary
- Scope and Methodology
- Report Methodology
- The Report
- The Products
- Cards by Type: Definitions
- Purchasing Cards
- Fleet Cards
- Corporate Travel & Entertainment Cards
- Small Business Cards
- Payroll Cards
- Prepaid Cards
- Health Care Cards
- Smaller Businesses in the United States
- Small Employers Grew by 4% from 2001-2006
- Table 1-1 Factors Affecting Overall Business Conditions in 2007
(Percentage Distribution)
- Characteristics of Small Business Owners
- Small Businesses with Fewer than 25 Employees are the Most Desirable
Cohort
- Co-Branding is Hot Trend
- New Technology Reaches the Small Business Card Market
- Small Business Portals
- The Commercial Card Consumer
- Baby Boomers are Top Card Users
- Active Card Owners by Gender and Race/Ethnicity
- Skews by Educational Attainment and Individual Income
- Business Cards Hugely Popular Among the Self-Employed
- 1.2 Million Professional/Scientific/Technological Employees Are Active
Card Users Laptop/Desktop Workstations Are the Top Purchases Among Business
Cardholders
- The Commercial Card Regulatory and Business Landscapes
- Lawsuits
- Interchange Fee Suits
- Governments and Interchange Fees
- American Express and Discover Sue the Associations
- AmEx and Banking Relationships
- Currency Conversion Class Action Lawsuit
- Initial Public Offerings
- MasterCard' s IPO
- Visa' s IPO
- Marketing Strategies
- Advertising Expenditures of Major Card Companies
- AmEx Spent More than Half a Billion on Advertising in 2005
- Brand Strategies of Largest Card Companies
- Sports Sponsorships
- Visa Sponsorships
- American Express Sponsorships
- Contests and Sweepstakes - Involving the Customer
- MasterCard Contest
- Small Business Sweepstakes from MasterCard
- Visa Savings for Business Contest and Small Business Makeover Contest
- AmEx Takes a Philanthropic Direction
- Market Projection
- U.S. Commercial Card Spending to Reach $1.2 Trillion in 2010
- Table 1-2 Commercial Cards, By Segment (Historical and Forecast)
- Corporate America to Increase Use of Credit Cards
- Significant Obstacles Loom to Greater Commercial Card Acceptance
- Market Potential by Card Type
- Purchasing Cards:
- Corporate Travel & Entertainment Cards
- Payroll Cards
- Small Business Cards
- Health Cards
- One Card
- Areas of Opportunity
- The Competitive Landscape
Chapter 2 The Products
- Introduction and Overview
- Table 2-1 Payment Types In The U.S., 2005 - 2010
- Figure 2-1 Planned Use of Checks and Corporate Payment Cards
- Unlimited Opportunity, Especially in Smaller Businesses
- Segmenting is Key to Win New Business
- The Products
- Cards by Type: Definitions
- Corporate/Purchasing Cards
- Big Ticket Buys Scare Off Vendors
- Pcards Decrease Paper Transactions and Provide Data
- Mature for Mid-Sized and Large Companies, But Still Opportunity
- Visa' s Payment Systems Usage Survey
- Figure 2-2 Level of Payment Card Usage
- Travel & Entertainment Cards
- T&E Typically the Second or Third Largest Spend
- Table 2-2 Distribution of 2006 Travel Expenditures
- Small Business Cards
- Fleet Cards
- Wright Express and Voyager Leaders in Fleet Cards
- Components of Fleet Card Revenue
- An Opportunity and a Challenge
- Payroll Cards
- Employers of Low Wage Earners are Key Market
- Regulation E to the Rescue
- Beyond the Unbanked
- Prepaid Corporate Cards
- Great Substitute for Cash
- Business Gift Cards from MasterCard
- Health Care Cards
- Big Opportunity for HSAs in Consumer-Driven Health Plans
- Great Card Functionality Includes Lines of Credit
- Table 2-3 Healthcare Debit Cards In Issue, 2003 - 2005
- Table 2-4 Potential Healthcare Debit Card Market 2005 - 2015
- Table 2-5 Healthcare Transactions in the U.S., 2003
- Table 2-6 Health-Care Spending By U.S. Consumers and Businesses
- One-Cards
- Community Banks Issuing Cards Enthusiastic About Commercial Cards
- Table 2-7 Community Banks Offering Commercial Cards in 2006 and 2008
- Table 2-8 Commercial Credit Cards Offered By Commercial Banks in 2006
and 2008
- Table 2-9 Community Banks Interested in Increasing Commercial Cards
Issued
- Table 2-10 Commercial Debit Cards Offered By Community Banks in 2006 and
2008
- The Card Companies as Small Business Lenders
- Top Five Lenders
- Capital One Shakes Things Up
Chapter 3 The Small Business Sector
- Businesses in the United States
- Small Employers Grew by 4% from 2001-2006
- Table 3-1 Factors Affecting Overall Business Conditions in 2007
(Percentage Distribution)
- Survey of County Businesses, Department of Commerce
- Table 3-2 Number of Businesses, by Type, Employees and Annual Payroll
- Table 3-3 Employer Firms, Establishments, Employment, and Annual Payroll
Small Firm Size Classes, 2004
- Less than a Quarter of Firms Had Paid Employees
- Home-based businesses
- Most businesses are “self-made”
- Business owners are highly educated, 3-in-10 are over 55 and 14% are
veterans
- Owners' income, role and hours vary
- Characteristics of Small Business Owners
- Small Businesses with Fewer than 25 Employees are the Most Desirable Cohort
- Small Business Owners and Credit
- How Businesses Use Their Credit Cards
- Table 3-4 Leading Small Business Credit Card Issuers, 2005
- Co-Branding is Hot Trend
- New Technology Reaches the Small Business Card Market
- Small Business Portals
- MasterCard' s Portal
- VISA' s Portal
- American Express' Portal
- Micro-Portals
- Visa USA
- MasterCard
- American Express
- Segmentation
- MasterCard Construction
- Visa Signature Business
- MasterCard and Wright Express
- The Electronic Marketplace
- AmEx Offers Electronic Meeting Negotiation Solution
- Areas of Opportunity
Chapter 4 The Commercial Card Consumer
- Introduction
- Simmons Market Research Bureau Data
- Card and Cardholder Classifications
- 11 Million Business Card Users
- Table 4-1 Usage Rates for Selected Credit Card Classifications: Used in
Last Year, and Used in Last Month, 2006 (U.S. adults) Table 4-2 Total Number
of Users for Selected Credit Card Classifications: Used in Last Year, and
Used in Last Month, 2006 (in millions of U.S. adults)
- Consumer Focus: Personal Demographics
- Baby Boomers are Top Card Users
- Active Card Owners by Gender and Race/Ethnicity
- Regional Preferences for Card Brands
- Skews by Educational Attainment and Individual Income
- Table 4-3a Indices for Use of Selected Credit Card Classifications in
Last Year: By Adult Age Bracket, 2006 (U.S. adults)
- Table 4-3b Indices for Use of Selected Credit Card Classifications in
Last Year: By Adult Age Bracket, 2006 (U.S. adults)
- Table 4-4 Total Number of Users in Last Year for Use of Selected Credit
Card Classifications: By Gender, 2006 (in thousands of U.S. adults)
- Table 4-5 Indices for Use of Selected Credit Card Classifications in
Last Year: By Gender, 2006 (U.S. adults)
- Table 4-6 Total Number of Users in Last Year for Selected Credit Card
Classifications: Non-Hispanic Whites vs. Minorities, 2006 (in thousands of
U.S. adults)
- Table 4-7 Indices for Use of Selected Credit Card Classifications in
Last Year: By Race/Ethnicity, 2006 (U.S. adults)
- Table 4-8a Indices for Use of Selected Credit Card Classifications in
Last Year: By Region, 2006 (U.S. adults)
- Table 4-8b Indices for Use of Selected Credit Card Classifications in
Last Year: By Region, 2006 (U.S. adults)
- Table 4-9 Indices for Use of Selected Credit Card Classifications in
Last Year: By Highest Level of Educational Attainment, 2006 (U.S. adults)
- Table 4-10 Indices for Use of Selected Credit Card Classifications in
Last Year: By Individual Income Bracket (in Thousands), 2006 (U.S. adults)
- Consumer Focus: Professional Demographics
- Business Cards Hugely Popular Among the Self-Employed
- Business Card Use and Length of Same-Company Employment
- Smaller-Company Skew for MasterCard
- 1.2 Million Professional/Scientific/Technological Employees Are Active
Card Users
- Business Cards and Business Purchasing Involvement
- Laptop/Desktop Workstations Are the Top Purchases Among Business
Cardholders
- Table 4-11 Indices for Use of Selected Credit Card Classifications in
Last Year: By Type of Job, 2006 (U.S. adults)
- Table 4-12 Indices for Use of Selected Credit Card Classifications in
Last Year: By Executive/Managerial Job Title, 2006 (U.S. adults)
- Table 4-13 Indices for Use of Selected Credit Card Classifications in
Last Year: By Length of Service with Company/Employer, 2006 (U.S. adults)
- Table 4-14 Total Number of Users in Last Year for Selected Credit Card
Classifications: By Nature of Self-Employment, 2006 (in thousands of U.S.
adults)
- Table 4-15 Indices for Use of Selected Credit Card Classifications in
Last Year: By Nature of Self-Employment, 2006 (U.S. adults)
- Table 4-16 Total Number of Users in Last Year for Selected Credit Card
Classifications: By Company Size, 2006 (in thousands of U.S. adults)
- Table 4-17 Indices for Use of Selected Credit Card Classifications in
Last Year: By Company Size, 2006 (U.S. adults)
- Table 4-18 Total Number of Business Card Users in Last Year: By Industry
in Which Employed, 2006 (in thousands of U.S. adults)
- Table 4-19 Indices for Use Business Cards in Last Year: By Industry in
Which Employed, 2006 (U.S. adults)
- Table 4-20 Indices for Use of Selected Credit Card Classifications in
Last Year: By Nature of Business Purchase Involvement, 2006 (U.S. adults)
- Table 4-21 Total Number of Business Card Users in Last Year: By Nature
of Product or Service Business Purchase, 2006 (in thousands of U.S. adults)
- Table 4-22 Indices for Use of Business Cards in Last Year: By Nature of
Product or Service Business Purchase, 2006 (U.S. adults)
Chapter 5 The Commercial Card Regulatory Landscape: Lawsuits and IPOs
- Interchange Fee Suits
- Governments and Interchange Fees
- American Express and Discover Sue the Associations
- AmEx and Banking Relationships
- Currency Conversion Class Action Lawsuit
- International Cases of Interest
- Initial Public Offerings
- MasterCard' s IPO
- Visa' s IPO
- Visa and MasterCard Civil Antitrust Suits
Chapter 6 The Market Size and Potential for Commercial Credit Cards
- U.S. Commercial Card Spending to Reach $1.2 Trillion in 2010
- Table 6-1 Commercial Card Segments, Historical and Projected (billion $)
- MasterCard and Visa Gain a Bit at AmEx' s expense
- Figure 6-1 U.S. Commercial Credit and Debit Card Spending Share by Brand,
2004
- Figure 6-2 U.S. Commercial Credit and Debit Card Spending Share by Brand,
2010
- Corporate America to Increase Use of Credit Cards
- Significant Obstacles Loom to Greater Commercial Card Acceptance
- Late 2006 Financial Results for the Big Three
- Visa
- AmEx
- MasterCard
- Market Potential by Card Type
- Purchasing Cards:
- Fleet Cards
- Corporate Travel and Entertainment Cards
- Table 6-2 Market for Travel and Entertainment Cards
- Figure 6-3 Spend on Corporate T&E Cards in US in 2004
- Payroll/Prepaid Cards
- Market potential for Payroll Cards: $27.1 billion by 2009
- Figure 6-4 Payroll Card Growth Prospects ($ in billions)
- Table 6-3 Payroll Card Growth Prospects ($ figures in billions)
- Table 6-4 Recent Mergers in the Prepaid Sector
- The Potential Market for Prepaid Cards - $1 Trillion
- Table 6-5 Potential Market Shares of Prepaid Products ($ billions)
- Small Business Cards
- Health Reimbursement, Health Savings and Flexible Spending Account Cards
- One Card
Chapter 7 Advertising and Marketing
- Advertising Expenditures of Major Card Companies
- AmEx Spent More than Half a Billion on Advertising in 2005
- Spending on Print Rose Significantly Unlike on the Internet
- Table 7-1 Financial Services Companies in Advertising Age' s Top 200
Advertisers
- Brand Strategies of Largest Card Companies
- Sports Sponsorships
- MasterCard and World Cup
- Visa Sponsorships
- American Express Sponsorships
- Contests and Sweepstakes - Involving the Customer
- MasterCard Contest
- Small Business Sweepstakes from MasterCard
- Visa Savings for Business Contest and Small Business Makeover Contest
- AmEx Takes a Philanthropic Direction
Chapter 8 The Competitive Landscape
- Table 8-1 U.S. Commercial Credit and Debit Card Spending Share by Brand,
2004 and 2010
- Table 8-2 Top U.S. Commercial Card Issuers - 2005
- Visa Inc.
- Table 8-3 Visa at a glance:
- Reorganization and Initial Public Offering
- Table 8-4 Commercial Card Sales Volume
- Loyalty
- Security
- Table 8-5 Survey of Commercial Card Usage by Financial Executives and
Cash Managers (%)
- MasterCard
- Table 8-6 MasterCard At A Glance
- MasterCard' s IPO
- Litigation
- Figure 8-1 Value and Volume of U.S. Transactions, 2001, by Payment Type
- Purchasing. Presentment. Payment.
- MasterCard' s SmartLink
- World Cup Sponsorship - a MasterCard Victory
- Performance
- Payment Innovations
- American Express
- In Pursuit of Commercial Business
- Bank of America
- Table 8-7 Bank of America At A Glance
- JPMorgan Chase
- Table 8-8 JPMorgan Chase at a Glance
- Leader in the HAS/FSA Market
- Citigroup
- Table 8-9 Citigroup at a Glance
- The Largest MC Issuer Became an Issuer of AmEx Cards
- Prescription Drug Benefits on a Credit Card
- U.S. Bancorp
- Figure 8-10 U.S. Bancorp at a Glance
- Capital One
- Figure 8-11 Capital One at a Glance
- Wells Fargo
- Table 8-12 Wells Fargo at a Glance
- The WellsOne Card for Business
- Advanta
- Proud of its Focus on the Small Business Market
- Discover Financial Services
- Wright Express
- Largest Issuer of Fleet Cards
- Bankcard Associations
- Commercial Card Issuers
- Industry Sources
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