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시장보고서
Wireless Communications for Intelligent Transportation Systems: Technologies and Markets
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Abstract
Vehicular communications are becoming a reality, driven by navigation safety
requirements and by the investments of car manufacturers and Public Transport
Authorities all around the world. Safe navigation support through wireless car
to car and car to curb communications has become an important priority for car
manufacturers as well as Municipal Transportation Authorities and
Communications Standards Organizations.
Standardization plays a very important role in the success of any potential
large-scale deployment of wireless structures for ITS.
This report addresses marketing and technological issues of wireless
technologies for ITS.
Particular, the following technologies were considered:
- 1. 5.9 GHz DSRC- This technology, as it is becoming more and more
obvious today, may eventually replace the 915 MHz DSRC in the U.S. and the 5.8
GHz DSRC in Europe. 5.9 GHz DSRC is the emerging communication technology that
offers standardized ITS products and benefits in national large-scale
deployments. U.S. DOT and the automotive OEMs will be the strategic players
making deployment decisions in the 2009-2010 time frame. 5.9 GHz DSRC systems
provide a significant enhancement in communication capabilities over all
previous ITS systems. DSRC will support multiple uses in vehicle / public
safety and commercial applications that cannot be achieved today. DSRC is a
cost-effective communication service, especially when compared with current
cellular and satellite systems.
- 2. CALM (Continuous Air-interface, Long and Medium Range)
represents an ambitious attempt to provide a platform for a wide range of
future communications requirements for ITS. As such, it cuts across several
ongoing standards-making efforts, including those of the ITU (like NGN). The
aim of CALM is to provide wide area communications to support ITS applications
that work equally well on a variety of different network platforms, including
2G (GSM/GPRS), 3G (IMT-2000), 4G (IMT Advanced); as well as satellite,
microwave, mm-wave, infrared, WiMax and short - range technologies like WiFi.
- 3. The report also concentrates on the analysis of multiple ITS
networking projects that are conducting in various parts of the world. These
projects, which are organized by the industry with participation of standard
organizations (such as ETSI, CEN and other), are testing various technologies
to find and define optimal ways to enhance ITS with reliable means of
communications. It seems that 5.9 GHz DSRC is in the wining position-it was
recently approved for use in Europe (though Japan and some other countries
utilize different technologies). CALM is coming into the play as an
“universal platform” allowing utilization of a set of wireless
protocols.
The report also provides marketing statistics for some of the discussed
technologies.
Target Audience
This report is important to a wide population of researches, technical and
sales staff involved in the developing of high-speed wireless services and
products for transportation. It is recommended for both service providers and
vendors that are working with related technologies. The report also helps to
understand issues associated with relationship between ITS wireless
communications and other technologies.
Research Methodology
Considerable research was done using the Internet. Information from various
Web sites was studied and analyzed. Evaluation of publicly available marketing
and technical publications was conducted. Telephone conversations and
interviews were held with industry analysts, technical experts and executives.
In addition to these interviews and primary research, secondary sources were
used to develop a more complete mosaic of the market landscape, including
industry and trade publications, conferences and seminars.
The overriding objective throughout the work has been to provide valid and
relevant information. This has led to a continual review and update of the
information content.
Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction
- 1.1 Goal
- 1.2 Scope
- 1.3 Research Methodology
- 1.4 Target Audience
2.0 Intelligent Transport Systems
- 2.1 General
- 2.2 History: U.S.
- 2.3 ITS Architecture: U.S.
- 2.3.1 Global ITS Development
- 2.4 Technologies
- 2.5 ITS Applications
- 2.6 National Transportation Communications for ITS Protocol (NTCIP)
3.0 Wireless Communications Protocols: 5.9 GHz DSRC Basis
- 3.1 General
- 3.2 IEEE 802.11p
- 3.2.1 General
- 3.2.2 Objectives and Status
- 3.2.3 5.9 GHz Transmission Advantages
- 3.2.4 Major Features
- 3.3 IEEE 1609
- 3.3.1 General
- 3.3.2 Overview
- 3.3.3 IEEE 1609 in Use
- 3.4 IEEE P1556
4.0 5.9 GHz DSRC
- 4.1 History
- 4.2 Equipment
- 4.3 Details: Dedicated Short Range Communications
- 4.4 Channel Designation
- 4.5 Place
- 4.6 Applications
- 4.7 DSRC (5.9 GHz) Transmission Characteristics (U.S.)
- 4.8 DSRC at Work
- 4.8.1 Service Categories
- 4.8.2 Requirements: DSRC
- 4.9 Regulation
- 4.10 Comparison
5.0 DSRC Worldwide Standard Activity
6.0 5.9 GHz DSRC Benefits and Limitations
- 6.1 General
- 6.1.2 Toll Industry Benefits
7.0 Examples
- 7.1 Demonstration
- 7.2 DaimlerChrysler Builds Car-to-Car Information Bridge
- 7.3 New York Demonstration
- 7.4 Colorado
8.0 RFID and DSRC: Similarities and Differences
9.0 Market
- 9.1 Market Drivers
- 9.2 Market Requirements
- 9.3 Data
- 9.4 Market Estimate
10.0 5.9 GHz DSRC Vendors
- Arinc
- Kapsch
- Mark IV
- Oki
- Q-Free
- Raytheon
- Savari
- Signalion
- Sirit
- TransCore
- TechnoCom
11.0 CALM: Continuous Air-interface, Long and Medium Range
- 11.1 Goals
- 11.1.1 Vehicle- Infrastructure
- 11.2 Specifics
- 11.3 ISO TC 204 WG 16
- 11.4 CALM: International Efforts
- 11.5 CALM: Applications
- 11.6 Issues
12.0 CEN
- 12.1 General
- 12.2 CEN and ITS
13.0 ETSI
14.0 IETF
15.0 Prevent
16.0 Activity-Major Wireless Communications-Related ITS Projects
17.0 Companies
- EFKON AG
- G.E.A
- IRD
- PhyChips
- Thales
18.0 Conclusions
APPENDIX: ITS - Comparison of Wireless Communications Standards
FIGURES:
- Figure 1: Wireless Communications: ITS Environment
- Figure 2: ITS Architecture
- Figure 3: NTCIP Structure
- Figure 4: Communications Model: WAVE
- Figure 5: 5.9 GHz DSRC: Spectrum Allocation Details
- Figure 6: Details
- Figure 7: Major Categories-5.9 GHz DSRC Services
- Figure 8: Collision Detection/Avoidance System
- Figure 9: Work Zone Warning
- Figure 10: “Smart” Car
- Figure 11: 5.9 GHz DSRC Rate vs. Distance
- Figure 12: Logical Flow
- Figure 13: DSRC Frequencies Planning
- Figure 14: 5.9 GHz DSRC Program Schedule
- Figure 15: N.A. 5.9 GHz DSRC Program
- Figure 16: Addressable Market NA: 5.9 GHz DSRC Tag Sale ($M)
- Figure 17: Addressable Market NA: 5.9 GHz DSRC Tags Sale (Unit 000)
- Figure 18: Addressable Market NA: 5.9 GHz DSRC Readers Sale (Unit 000)
- Figure 19: Addressable Market NA: 5.9 GHz DSRC Readers Sale ($M)
- Figure 20: CALM: Infrastructure-Vehicle
- Figure 21: CALM Architecture
TABLES:
- Table 1: IEEE 802.11a Standard Major Characteristics
- Table 2: IEEE 802.11b Standard Major Characteristics
- Table 3: IEEE 802.11g Standard Major Characteristics
- Table 4: 5.9 GHz DSRC U.S. Characteristics
- Table 5: Events Priorities
- Table 6: Requirements
- Table 7: Service-related Characteristics
- Table 8: 915 MHz and 5.9 GHz DSRC Differences
- Table 9: Summary Standards; 5.9 GHz DSRC
- Table 10: 5.9 GHz DSRC Advantages
- Table 11: DSRC Benefits
- Table 12: CALM-WG16
- Table 13: ETSI ITS-related Standards
- Table 14: Outline of DSRC Characteristics (Japan)
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