시장보고서
상품코드
1439469

태아 모니터링 기기 : 세계 시장 인사이트, 경쟁 구도, 시장 예측(2030년)

Fetal Monitoring Devices - Market Insights, Competitive Landscape, and Market Forecast - 2030

발행일: | 리서치사: DelveInsight | 페이지 정보: 영문 150 Pages | 배송안내 : 2-10일 (영업일 기준)

    
    
    




■ 보고서에 따라 최신 정보로 업데이트하여 보내드립니다. 배송일정은 문의해 주시기 바랍니다.

세계의 태아 모니터링 기기 시장 규모는 2023년에 31억 6,000만 달러에 달했습니다. 이 시장은 2024-2030년의 예측 기간 중 6.92%의 CAGR로 확대하며, 2030년에는 47억 2,000만 달러에 달할 것으로 예측되고 있습니다. 태아 모니터링 기기에 대한 수요 증가는 주로 다양한 선천성 결함 및 조산의 유병률 증가, 임신 후기 태아 모니터링의 필요성 증가, 기술적으로 진보된 태아 모니터의 개발, 최소 침습적 시술의 채택 확대, 전 세계 산모와 태아의 건강을 위한 정부 및 비정부 구상 증가로 인해 시장을 강화하여 2024-2030년까지 예측 기간 중 태아 모니터링 기기 시장의 성장에 기여할 것으로 예상됩니다.

태아 모니터링 기기 시장은 다양한 이유로 인해 제품 수요가 증가하고 있습니다. 제품 수요의 주요 이유는 다양한 선천성 기형에 대한 태아 모니터링의 필요성이 증가했기 때문입니다.

미국 질병통제예방센터(CDC) 2022에 따르면 선천성 심장병(CHD)은 선천성 결함 중 가장 흔한 유형입니다. 일부 CHD, 특히 경증 CHD의 유병률(전체 출생아 수 대비 심장 결함을 가지고 태어난 아기의 수)이 증가하고 있습니다.

또한 위의 출처에서 알 수 있듯이 저체중아, 조산, 다태아, 임신 중 감염은 많은 발달 장애의 위험 증가와 관련이 있습니다.

또한 조산의 유병률도 이러한 태아 모니터링 기기의 사용을 유발하는 또 다른 요인으로, WHO2018에 따르면 184개국의 조산 비율은 출생아의 5%에서 18%에 달할 전망입니다. 매년 약 1,500만 명의 아기가 조산(임신 37주 미만)으로 태어나고 있으며, 이 수치는 증가 추세에 있습니다.

또한 COVID-19 감염으로 인해 태아에 대한 모니터링의 필요성이 더욱 커지고 있습니다.

세계의 태아 모니터링 기기 시장에 대해 조사했으며, 시장의 개요와 제품별, 방법별, 포터빌리티별, 최종사용자별, 지역별 동향 및 시장에 참여하는 기업의 개요 등을 제공하고 있습니다.

목차

제1장 태아 모니터링 기기 시장 보고서의 서론

제2장 태아 모니터링 기기 시장의 주요 요약

제3장 규제 분석

  • 미국
  • 유럽
  • 일본
  • 중국

제4장 태아 모니터링 기기 시장의 주요 요인 분석

  • 태아 모니터링 기기 시장 촉진요인
  • 태아 모니터링 기기 시장 억제요인과 과제
  • 태아 모니터링 기기 시장의 기회

제5장 태아 모니터링 기기 시장에서 Porter's Five Forces 분석

제6장 태아 모니터링 기기 시장에 대한 COVID-19의 영향 분석

제7장 태아 모니터링 기기 시장의 개요

  • 제품별
  • 방법별
  • 포터빌리티별
  • 최종사용자별
  • 지역별

제8장 태아 모니터링 기기 시장 세계 기업 점유율 분석 - 주요 3-5사

제9장 태아 모니터링 기기 시장의 기업과 제품 개요

  • Koninklijke Philips N.V.
  • General Electric Company
  • Cardinal Health
  • Nidek Medical
  • Siemens Healthcare GmbH
  • Heal Force
  • Medgyn Products, Inc.
  • Promed Technology Co., Limited
  • Shenzhen Comen Medical Instruments Co., Ltd.
  • Narang Medical Limited
  • Trivitron Healthcare
  • Neoventa Medical AB
  • Huntleigh Healthcare Ltd
  • EDAN Instruments, Inc.
  • Shenzhen Bestman Instrument Co., Ltd.
  • Natus Medical Incorporated
  • CooperSurgical Inc.
  • Contec Medical Systems Co., Ltd
  • Life Plus Healthcare(P) Ltd.
  • Bionet

제10장 KOL의 견해

제11장 프로젝트 어프로치

제12장 DelveInsight 소개

제13장 면책사항과 문의

KSA 24.03.19

Fetal Monitoring Devices Market By Product (Ultrasound Devices [2D Ultrasound, 3D & 4D Ultrasound], Electronic Maternal/Fetal Monitors, Fetal Doppler Devices, Telemetry Devices, Others), By Method (Invasive, Non-Invasive), By Portability (Portable, Non-Portable), By End-User (Hospitals, Obstetrics & Gynecology Clinics, Others), by geography is expected to grow at a steady CAGR forecast till 2030 owing to increased need for monitoring fetus and increase in government and non-government initiatives for maternal and fetal health

Global Fetal Monitoring Devices Market was valued at USD 3.16 Billion in 2023, growing at a CAGR of 6.92% during the forecast period from 2024 to 2030 to reach USD 4.72 Billion by 2030. The increase in demand for Fetal Monitoring Devices is primarily attributed to the increased need for monitoring fetus for various birth defects and prevalence of preterm births, post-term pregnancy, development of technologically advanced fetal monitors, growing adoption of minimally invasive procedures, and increase in government and non-government initiatives for maternal and fetal health across the world are anticipated to bolster the market, thereby contributing to the growth of the Fetal Monitoring Devices market during the forecast period from 2024-2030.

Fetal Monitoring Devices Market Dynamics:

The Fetal Monitoring Devices market is witnessing a growth in product demand owing to various reasons. The major reason responsible for product demand is due to an increased need for monitoring fetuses for various birth defects.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2022, congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most common types of birth defects. The prevalence (the number of babies born with heart defects compared to the total number of births) of some CHDs, especially mild types, is increasing.

Moreover, as per the above source, low birth weight, premature birth, multiple births, and infections during pregnancy are associated with an increased risk for many developmental disabilities.

Also, the prevalence of preterm births is another factor responsible for the use of these fetal monitoring devices. As per WHO 2018, across 184 countries, the rate of preterm birth ranges from 5% to 18% of babies born. Every year, an estimated 15 million babies are born preterm (before 37 completed weeks of gestation), and this number is rising.

Furthermore, there was more need for monitoring the fetus due to the COVID-19 infection.

According to the CDC's Surveillance for Emerging Threats to Mothers and Babies Network 2022 findings, among 25,896 infants born to women with SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy, 3,381 (13%) were tested for COVID-19. Scientists found that 4% of tested infants had a positive test result and were born to both symptomatic and asymptomatic women. Nearly all positive newborns were born to women with infections closer to delivery.

Therefore, with proper monitoring, these defects can be prevented by undergoing proper care and medication. Hence, the growth of the Fetal Monitoring Devices Market is expected to rise during the forecast period from 2024 to 2030.

However, the risk involved with invasive fetal monitoring and the high cost of equipment may be certain limiting factors of the Fetal Monitoring Devices market growth.

The market witnessed a COVID-19 outbreak which extensively instigated increased use of Fetal Monitoring Devices. People who have COVID-19 during pregnancy were at increased risk for complications that can affect their pregnancy and developing baby. For example, COVID-19 during pregnancy increases the risk of delivering preterm (earlier than 37 weeks) and or stillborn infant. This resulted in the increased demand for Fetal Monitoring Devices during the pandemic. Moreover, the process of economic recovery with the easing of lockdown restrictions and the return of normalcy in the economic landscape post pandemically made the resumption of regular healthcare services, which will keep the demand for these products on course in the Fetal Monitoring Devices market.

Fetal Monitoring Devices Market Segment Analysis:

Fetal Monitoring Devices Market By Product (Ultrasound Devices [2D Ultrasound, 3D & 4D Ultrasound], Electronic Maternal/Fetal Monitors, Fetal Doppler Devices, Telemetry Devices, Others), By Method (Invasive, Non-Invasive), By Portability (Portable, Non-Portable), By End-User (Hospitals, Obstetrics & Gynecology Clinics, Others), and By Geography (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Rest of the World)

In the Product segment of the Fetal Monitoring Devices market, the Electronic Maternal/Fetal Monitors are estimated to hold a higher share in the Fetal Monitoring Devices market during the forecast period (2024-2030). This can be ascribed to the various advantages that are associated with the monitoring of the fetus.

These devices help to hear the baby's heartbeat. Also, studies have shown that continuous monitoring reduces the chance that the fetus will have a seizure after birth.

Furthermore, advantageous properties such as detecting changes in the normal heart rate pattern during labor, or preventing unnecessary treatments. As well, doctors advise monitoring throughout labor (continuous) in a high-risk pregnancy, where these devices are effectively used.

Moreover, the product launches in the local markets, in turn, drive the product demand in the market. For instance, in June 2022, remote pregnancy monitoring company Nuvo Group announced the FDA supplemental 510(k) clearance to add a new uterine activity module to its INVU system. INVU is a physician-prescribed, wearable pregnancy monitor that allows women to remotely collect fetal and maternal heart rates - and now uterine activity - while sharing data in real-time with their doctor.

Therefore, the advantages offered by the Electronic Maternal/Fetal Monitors in Fetal Monitoring Devices are predicted to contribute to the increasing demand, thereby driving the growth of the overall Fetal Monitoring Devices market during the forecast period.

North America is expected to dominate the overall Fetal Monitoring Devices Market:

Among all the regions, North America is expected to account for the largest share in the global Fetal Monitoring Devices market. Factors such as the growing prevalence of various birth defects in the fetus, higher cases of preterm births and increases government initiatives are expected to aid in the growth of the North America Fetal Monitoring Devices Market.

According to the CDC 2022, congenital heart defects affect nearly 1% of-or about 40,000-births per year in the United States.

Furthermore, as per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2019, preterm birth affected 1 of every 10 infants born in the United States.

Additionally, according to the same statistics, in 2019, the rate of preterm birth among African-American women (14.4%) was about 50% higher than the rate of preterm birth among white or Hispanic women (9.3% and 10% respectively). Moreover, in 2018, preterm birth accounted for about 17% of infant deaths (deaths before 1 year of age). Thus, the burgeoning cases of premature births will contribute to the growth of the Fetal Monitoring Devices market.

Furthermore, the government of the country is actively involved in maternal and fetal health initiatives across the country. As per the CDC 2022, currently, there are a number of state-based birth defects programs that track CHDs among newborns and young children.

Therefore, the rising prevalence of these defects in the country would result in the rising demand for treatments that make use of Fetal Monitoring Devices, which in turn would provide a conducive growth environment for the United States Fetal Monitoring Devices market as well as the North American region.

Hence, the interplay of various factors such as the presence of a large patient population, encouraging reimbursement policies as well as new product launches in the region is expected to boost the North America Fetal Monitoring Devices market during the forecast period.

Fetal Monitoring Devices Market Key Players:

Some of the key market players operating in the Fetal Monitoring Devices market include Koninklijke Philips N.V., General Electric Company, Cardinal Health, Nidek Medical, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Heal Force, Medgyn Products, Inc., Promed Technology Co., Limited, Shenzhen Comen Medical Instruments Co., Ltd., Narang Medical Limited, Trivitron Healthcare, Neoventa Medical AB, Huntleigh Healthcare Ltd, EDAN Instruments, Inc., Shenzhen Bestman Instrument Co., Ltd., Natus Medical Incorporated, CooperSurgical Inc., Contec Medical Systems Co., Ltd, Life Plus Healthcare (P) Ltd., Bionet, among others.

Recent Developmental Activities in the Fetal Monitoring Devices Market:

In February 2022, CooperSurgical set to acquire Cook Medical's Reproductive Health Division to expand its offerings of ob-gyn and fertility medical devices.

In June 2022, Remote pregnancy monitoring company Nuvo Group announced the FDA supplemental 510(k) clearance to add a new uterine activity module to its INVU system. INVU is a physician-prescribed, wearable pregnancy monitoring system.

In June 2020, Royal Philips announced its launch of an addition to its remote patient monitoring platform for at-risk populations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Philips added the Avalon CL fetal and maternal pod and patch for reducing unnecessary physical interactions between clinicians and patients to prevent transmission of the coronavirus.

Key Takeaways from the Fetal Monitoring Devices Market Report Study

  • Market size analysis for current Fetal Monitoring Devices market size (2023), and market forecast for 5 years (2022-2026)
  • The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on this market is significant. To capture and analyze suitable indicators, our experts are closely watching the Fetal Monitoring Devices market.
  • Top key product/services/technology developments, merger, acquisition, partnership, joint venture happened for last 3 years
  • Key companies dominating the global Fetal Monitoring Devices market.
  • Various opportunities available for the other competitor in the Fetal Monitoring Devices market space.
  • What are the top performing segments in 2023? How these segments will perform in 2030.
  • Which is the top-performing regions and countries in the current Fetal Monitoring Devices market scenario?
  • Which are the regions and countries where companies should have concentrated on opportunities for Fetal Monitoring Devices market growth in the coming future?

Target Audience who can be benefited from this Fetal Monitoring Devices Market Report Study

  • Fetal Monitoring Devices products providers
  • Research organizations and consulting companies
  • Fetal Monitoring Devices-related organizations, associations, forums, and other alliances
  • Government and corporate offices
  • Start-up companies, venture capitalists, and private equity firms
  • Distributors and Traders dealing in Fetal Monitoring Devices
  • Various End-users who want to know more about the Fetal Monitoring Devices market and latest technological developments in the Fetal Monitoring Devices market.

Frequently Asked Questions for Fetal Monitoring Devices Market:

1. What are Fetal Monitoring Devices?

Fetal monitoring devices are medical devices that consist of a monitoring unit, cables, and electrodes. They are designed to measure, record, and display fetal heart rate, uterine contractions, and/or maternal blood pressure, and heart rate before and during childbirth.

2. What is the market for Global Fetal Monitoring Devices?

Global Fetal Monitoring Devices Market was valued at USD 3.16 Billion in 2023, growing at a CAGR of 6.92% during the forecast period from 2024 to 2030 to reach USD 4.72 Billion by 2030.

3. What are the drivers for the Global Fetal Monitoring Devices Market?

The Fetal Monitoring Devices market is witnessing a positive market growth owing to the increased need for monitoring fetuses for various birth defects and prevalence of preterm births, post-term pregnancy, development of technologically advanced fetal monitors, growing adoption of minimally invasive procedures, and increase in government and non-government initiatives for maternal and fetal health across the world are anticipated to bolster the market.

4. Who are the key players operating in the Global Fetal Monitoring Devices Market?

Some of the key market players operating in the Fetal Monitoring Devices market include Koninklijke Philips N.V., General Electric Company, Cardinal Health, Nidek Medical, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Heal Force, Medgyn Products, Inc., Promed Technology Co., Limited, Shenzhen Comen Medical Instruments Co., Ltd., Narang Medical Limited, Trivitron Healthcare, Neoventa Medical AB, Huntleigh Healthcare Ltd, EDAN Instruments, Inc., Shenzhen Bestman Instrument Co., Ltd., Natus Medical Incorporated, CooperSurgical Inc., Contec Medical Systems Co., Ltd, Life Plus Healthcare (P) Ltd., Bionet and others.

5. Which region has the highest share in Fetal Monitoring Devices Market?

North America is expected to hold the highest share in the revenue in the Fetal Monitoring Devices market during the forecast period. Factors such as the growing prevalence of various birth defects in the fetus, higher cases of preterm births and increases government initiatives are expected to aid in the growth of the North America Fetal Monitoring Devices Market in this region.

Table of Contents

1.Fetal Monitoring Devices Market Report Introduction

2.Fetal Monitoring Devices Market Executive Summary

  • 2.1. Scope of the Study
  • 2.2. Market at Glance
  • 2.3. Competitive Assessment

3. Regulatory Analysis

  • 3.1. The United States
  • 3.2. Europe
  • 3.3. Japan
  • 3.4. China

4. Fetal Monitoring Devices Market Key Factors Analysis

  • 4.1. Fetal Monitoring Devices Market Drivers
    • 4.1.1. Increased Need For Monitoring Fetus For Various Birth Defects and Prevalence of Preterm Births, Post Term Pregnancy
    • 4.1.2. Growing Adoption of Minimally Invasive Procedures
    • 4.1.3. Development of Technologically Advanced Fetal Monitors
    • 4.1.4. Increase In Government and Non-government Initiatives For Maternal and Fetal Health Across The World
  • 4.2. Fetal Monitoring Devices Market Restraints and Challenges
    • 4.2.1. The Risk involved with Invasive Fetal Monitoring
    • 4.2.2. The High Cost of Equipment
  • 4.3. Fetal Monitoring Devices Market Opportunities
    • 4.3.1. Development of Advanced Devices that Eliminates the Risky Effects on the Fetus
    • 4.3.2. Rising Need for at-home Monitoring Devices

5. Fetal Monitoring Devices Market Porter's Five Forces Analysis

  • 5.1. Bargaining Power of Suppliers
  • 5.2. Bargaining Power of Consumers
  • 5.3. Threat of New Entrants
  • 5.4. Threat of Substitutes
  • 5.5. Competitive Rivalry

6. COVID-19 Impact Analysis on Fetal Monitoring Devices Market

7. Fetal Monitoring Devices Market Layout

  • 7.1. By Product
    • 7.1.1. Ultrasound Devices
      • 7.1.1.1. 2D Ultrasound
      • 7.1.1.2. 3D & 4D Ultrasound
    • 7.1.2. Electronic Maternal/Fetal Monitors
    • 7.1.3. Fetal Doppler Devices
    • 7.1.4. Telemetry Devices
    • 7.1.5. Others
  • 7.2. By Method
    • 7.2.1. Invasive
    • 7.2.2. Non-Invasive
  • 7.3. By Portability
    • 7.3.1. Portable
    • 7.3.2. Non-Portable
  • 7.4. By End User
    • 7.4.1. Hospitals
    • 7.4.2. Obstetrics & Gynecology Clinics
    • 7.4.3. Others
  • 7.5. By Geography
    • 7.5.1. North America
      • 7.5.1.1. North America Fetal Monitoring Devices Market, by Country
      • 7.5.1.1.1. United States
      • 7.5.1.1.2. Canada
      • 7.5.1.1.3. Mexico
    • 7.5.2. Europe
      • 7.5.2.1. Europe Fetal Monitoring Devices Market, by Country
      • 7.5.2.1.1. France
      • 7.5.2.1.2. Germany
      • 7.5.2.1.3. United Kingdom
      • 7.5.2.1.4. Italy
      • 7.5.2.1.5. Spain
      • 7.5.2.1.6. Russia
      • 7.5.2.1.7. Rest of Europe
    • 7.5.3. Asia-Pacific
      • 7.5.3.1. Asia-Pacific Fetal Monitoring Devices Market, by Country
      • 7.5.3.1.1. China
      • 7.5.3.1.2. Japan
      • 7.5.3.1.3. India
      • 7.5.3.1.4. Australia
      • 7.5.3.1.5. South Korea
      • 7.5.3.1.6. Rest of Asia Pacific
    • 7.5.4. Rest of the World (RoW)
      • 7.5.4.1. RoW Fetal Monitoring Devices Market, by Region
      • 7.5.4.1.1. Middle East
      • 7.5.4.1.2. Africa
      • 7.5.4.1.3. South America

8. Fetal Monitoring Devices Market Global Company Share Analysis - Key 3-5 Companies

9. Fetal Monitoring Devices Market Company and Product Profiles

  • 9.1. Koninklijke Philips N.V.
    • 9.1.1. Company Overview
    • 9.1.2. Company Snapshot
    • 9.1.3. Financial Overview
    • 9.1.4. Product Listing
    • 9.1.5. Entropy
  • 9.2. General Electric Company
    • 9.2.1. Company Overview
    • 9.2.2. Company Snapshot
    • 9.2.3. Financial Overview
    • 9.2.4. Product Listing
    • 9.2.5. Entropy
  • 9.3. Cardinal Health
    • 9.3.1. Company Overview
    • 9.3.2. Company Snapshot
    • 9.3.3. Financial Overview
    • 9.3.4. Product Listing
    • 9.3.5. Entropy
  • 9.4. Nidek Medical
    • 9.4.1. Company Overview
    • 9.4.2. Company Snapshot
    • 9.4.3. Financial Overview
    • 9.4.4. Product Listing
    • 9.4.5. Entropy
  • 9.5. Siemens Healthcare GmbH
    • 9.5.1. Company Overview
    • 9.5.2. Company Snapshot
    • 9.5.3. Financial Overview
    • 9.5.4. Product Listing
    • 9.5.5. Entropy
  • 9.6. Heal Force
    • 9.6.1. Company Overview
    • 9.6.2. Company Snapshot
    • 9.6.3. Financial Overview
    • 9.6.4. Product Listing
    • 9.6.5. Entropy
  • 9.7. Medgyn Products, Inc.
    • 9.7.1. Company Overview
    • 9.7.2. Company Snapshot
    • 9.7.3. Financial Overview
    • 9.7.4. Product Listing
    • 9.7.5. Entropy
  • 9.8. Promed Technology Co., Limited
    • 9.8.1. Company Overview
    • 9.8.2. Company Snapshot
    • 9.8.3. Financial Overview
    • 9.8.4. Product Listing
    • 9.8.5. Entropy
  • 9.9. Shenzhen Comen Medical Instruments Co., Ltd.
    • 9.9.1. Company Overview
    • 9.9.2. Company Snapshot
    • 9.9.3. Financial Overview
    • 9.9.4. Product Listing
    • 9.9.5. Entropy
  • 9.10. Narang Medical Limited
    • 9.10.1. Company Overview
    • 9.10.2. Company Snapshot
    • 9.10.3. Financial Overview
    • 9.10.4. Product Listing
    • 9.10.5. Entropy
  • 9.11. Trivitron Healthcare
    • 9.11.1. Company Overview
    • 9.11.2. Company Snapshot
    • 9.11.3. Financial Overview
    • 9.11.4. Product Listing
    • 9.11.5. Entropy
  • 9.12. Neoventa Medical AB
    • 9.12.1. Company Overview
    • 9.12.2. Company Snapshot
    • 9.12.3. Financial Overview
    • 9.12.4. Product Listing
    • 9.12.5. Entropy
  • 9.13. Huntleigh Healthcare Ltd
    • 9.13.1. Company Overview
    • 9.13.2. Company Snapshot
    • 9.13.3. Financial Overview
    • 9.13.4. Product Listing
    • 9.13.5. Entropy
  • 9.14. EDAN Instruments, Inc.
    • 9.14.1. Company Overview
    • 9.14.2. Company Snapshot
    • 9.14.3. Financial Overview
    • 9.14.4. Product Listing
    • 9.14.5. Entropy
  • 9.15. Shenzhen Bestman Instrument Co., Ltd.
    • 9.15.1. Company Overview
    • 9.15.2. Company Snapshot
    • 9.15.3. Financial Overview
    • 9.15.4. Product Listing
    • 9.15.5. Entropy
  • 9.16. Natus Medical Incorporated
    • 9.16.1. Company Overview
    • 9.16.2. Company Snapshot
    • 9.16.3. Financial Overview
    • 9.16.4. Product Listing
    • 9.16.5. Entropy
  • 9.17. CooperSurgical Inc.
    • 9.17.1. Company Overview
    • 9.17.2. Company Snapshot
    • 9.17.3. Financial Overview
    • 9.17.4. Product Listing
    • 9.17.5. Entropy
  • 9.18. Contec Medical Systems Co., Ltd
    • 9.18.1. Company Overview
    • 9.18.2. Company Snapshot
    • 9.18.3. Financial Overview
    • 9.18.4. Product Listing
    • 9.18.5. Entropy
  • 9.19. Life Plus Healthcare (P) Ltd.
    • 9.19.1. Company Overview
    • 9.19.2. Company Snapshot
    • 9.19.3. Financial Overview
    • 9.19.4. Product Listing
    • 9.19.5. Entropy
  • 9.20. Bionet
    • 9.20.1. Company Overview
    • 9.20.2. Company Snapshot
    • 9.20.3. Financial Overview
    • 9.20.4. Product Listing
    • 9.20.5. Entropy

10. KOL Views

11. Project Approach

12. About DelveInsight

13. Disclaimer & Contact Us

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