시장보고서
상품코드
1542742

세계의 플라스토머 시장

Plastomers

발행일: | 리서치사: Market Glass, Inc. (Formerly Global Industry Analysts, Inc.) | 페이지 정보: 영문 290 Pages | 배송안내 : 1-2일 (영업일 기준)

    
    
    



※ 본 상품은 영문 자료로 한글과 영문 목차에 불일치하는 내용이 있을 경우 영문을 우선합니다. 정확한 검토를 위해 영문 목차를 참고해주시기 바랍니다.

플라스토머 세계 시장은 2030년까지 73억 달러에 달할 것으로 예상된다

2023년 53억 달러로 추정되는 플라스토머 세계 시장은 2030년 73억 달러에 달할 것으로 예상되며, 2023-2030년간의 분석 기간 동안 4.7%의 연평균 복합 성장률(CAGR)을 나타낼 것으로 예상됩니다. 이 보고서에서 분석한 부문 중 하나인 에틸렌 프로파일렌 등급 플라스머는 CAGR 6.8%를 기록하여 분석 기간 종료 시점에 24억 달러에 도달할 것으로 예상됩니다. 에틸렌 부텐 등급 플라스마 부문의 성장률은 분석 기간 동안 CAGR 3.5%로 추정됩니다.

미국 시장 14억 달러, 중국 CAGR 8.7%로 성장 전망

미국의 플라스마 시장은 2023년 14억 달러로 추정됩니다. 세계 2위의 경제 대국인 중국은 2030년까지 17억 달러 규모에 도달할 것으로 예상되며, 2023-2030년간의 분석 기간 동안 8.7%의 연평균 복합 성장률(CAGR)을 나타낼 것으로 예상됩니다. 다른 주목할 만한 지역 시장으로는 일본과 캐나다가 있으며, 분석 기간 동안 각각 1.5%와 4.9%의 연평균 복합 성장률(CAGR)을 나타낼 것으로 예상됩니다. 유럽에서는 독일이 연평균 2.1%의 성장률을 보일 것으로 예상됩니다.

세계 플라스토머 시장 - 주요 동향 및 촉진요인 요약

다용도 폴리머: 플라스토머의 중요성 이해

플라스토머는 플라스틱과 엘라스토머의 특성을 모두 가진 폴리머의 일종으로, 플라스틱의 강성과 엘라스토머의 유연성 및 탄성을 모두 가지고 있습니다. 이러한 재료는 일반적으로 고급 촉매 공정을 사용하여 α-올레핀과 같은 다양한 코모노머와 에틸렌의 중합을 통해 생산됩니다. 이렇게 만들어진 폴리머는 경도와 탄성이 균형 잡힌 독특한 분자 구조를 가지고 있습니다. 플라스토머는 기존 플라스틱에 비해 내충격성, 저온 성능, 우수한 투명성이 향상되도록 설계되어 있습니다. 이러한 특성의 균형으로 인해 기존 소재로는 부족한 다양한 용도에 적합하며, 다양한 산업 제품 및 소비자 제품에 더 나은 성능 특성을 제공합니다.

플라스토머는 다양한 산업에서 어떻게 활용되고 있나요?

플라스토머는 독특한 특성의 조합으로 인해 다양한 산업 분야에서 사용되고 있습니다. 포장 산업에서는 식품 포장, 수축 포장, 산업용 라이너와 같은 우수한 강도, 천공 저항성 및 투명성을 제공하는 유연한 필름을 제조하는 데 사용됩니다. 자동차 산업에서 플라스틱은 내장재, 웨더스트립, 개스킷 등에 사용되어 내구성, 유연성, 경량성 등의 이점을 제공합니다. 의료 분야에서는 우수한 생체적합성과 내화학성으로 인해 의료용 가방, 튜브, 각종 의료기기 부품에 사용되고 있습니다. 건축 분야에서는 내후성, 내구성이 뛰어나 지붕 막, 접착제, 실링재 등에 사용되고 있습니다. 플라스토머의 다용도성은 다양한 용도에 없어서는 안 될 소재이며, 제품의 성능 향상과 수명 연장에 기여하고 있습니다.

플라스토머 기술의 현재 동향은?

플라스토머 기술 분야는 재료 과학의 혁신과 고성능 소재에 대한 수요 증가로 인해 끊임없이 진화하고 있습니다. 중요한 트렌드 중 하나는 플라스틱의 기계적 및 열적 특성을 개선하고 보다 까다로운 환경에서의 적용 가능성을 확대하는 새로운 공중합체 및 블렌드의 개발입니다. 촉매 기술의 발전으로 보다 균일한 분자 구조를 가진 플라스토머를 생산할 수 있게 되어 투명성, 인성 및 가공성이 개선된 소재가 만들어지고 있습니다. 바이오 플라스토머의 개발, 환경 영향을 줄이기 위한 재활용 소재의 채택 등 지속가능성에 초점을 맞춘 연구도 트렌드 중 하나입니다. 또한, 자가복원 및 반응성 소재와 같은 스마트 기술의 통합도 새로운 트렌드로서, 혁신적인 용도에 대한 새로운 가능성을 열어주고 있습니다. 이러한 발전은 플라스토머의 성능을 향상시킬 뿐만 아니라 세계 지속가능성 목표에 부합하며, 이러한 소재가 다양한 산업의 진화하는 요구에 지속적으로 대응할 수 있도록 보장합니다.

플라스토머 시장의 성장을 가속하는 요인은 무엇인가?

플라스토머 시장의 성장은 다용도, 고성능 소재에 대한 수요 증가를 반영하는 몇 가지 요인에 의해 주도되고 있습니다. 특히 식품 및 음료 분야에서의 포장 산업의 급속한 확장은 플라스틱의 우수한 차단성과 내구성을 바탕으로 성장에 큰 원동력이 되고 있습니다. 자동차 제조 분야의 기술 발전도 수요를 증가시키고 있으며, 자동차 제조업체들은 연비와 성능을 향상시키기 위해 가볍고 내구성이 뛰어난 소재를 찾고 있습니다. 의료 분야에서는 안전하고 신뢰할 수 있는 소재에 대한 엄격한 요구로 인해 생체 적합성 및 내화학성 기준을 충족하는 플라스토머의 채택이 증가하고 있습니다. 또한, 지속가능성에 대한 관심이 높아지면서 환경 친화적인 플라스토머 시장 개척과 사용이 촉진되어 시장 성장을 뒷받침하고 있습니다. 재료 과학의 혁신과 전자 및 재생 가능 에너지와 같은 신흥 산업에서 플라스토머의 적용이 증가함에 따라 시장이 더욱 성장하고 있습니다. 플라스토머는 현대 재료 과학 및 산업 응용 분야에서 중요한 역할을 하고 있으며, 이러한 요인들은 플라스토머 시장의 견조한 성장을 뒷받침하고 있습니다.

조사 대상 기업 예시(총 41개)

  • Alpha Group
  • Borealis AG
  • Dow, Inc.
  • DuPont de Nemours, Inc.
  • Exxon Mobil Corporation
  • LG Chem
  • Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.Plastomer Corporation플라스토머 Corporation
  • SABIC(Saudi Basic Industries Corporation)
  • SK Group
  • Sumitomo Corporation

목차

제1장 조사 방법

제2장 주요 요약

  • 시장 개요
  • 주요 기업
  • 시장 동향과 촉진요인
  • 세계 시장 전망

제3장 시장 분석

  • 미국
  • 캐나다
  • 일본
  • 중국
  • 유럽
  • 프랑스
  • 독일
  • 이탈리아
  • 영국
  • 스페인
  • 러시아
  • 기타 유럽
  • 아시아태평양
  • 호주
  • 인도
  • 한국
  • 기타 아시아태평양
  • 라틴아메리카
  • 아르헨티나
  • 브라질
  • 멕시코
  • 기타 라틴아메리카
  • 중동
  • 이란
  • 이스라엘
  • 사우디아라비아
  • 아랍에미리트(UAE)
  • 기타 중동
  • 아프리카

제4장 경쟁

LSH 24.09.03

Global Plastomers Market to Reach US$7.3 Billion by 2030

The global market for Plastomers estimated at US$5.3 Billion in the year 2023, is expected to reach US$7.3 Billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 4.7% over the analysis period 2023-2030. Ethylene Propylene Grade Plastomers, one of the segments analyzed in the report, is expected to record a 6.8% CAGR and reach US$2.4 Billion by the end of the analysis period. Growth in the Ethylene Butene Grade Plastomers segment is estimated at 3.5% CAGR over the analysis period.

The U.S. Market is Estimated at US$1.4 Billion While China is Forecast to Grow at 8.7% CAGR

The Plastomers market in the U.S. is estimated at US$1.4 Billion in the year 2023. China, the world's second largest economy, is forecast to reach a projected market size of US$1.7 Billion by the year 2030 trailing a CAGR of 8.7% over the analysis period 2023-2030. Among the other noteworthy geographic markets are Japan and Canada, each forecast to grow at a CAGR of 1.5% and 4.9% respectively over the analysis period. Within Europe, Germany is forecast to grow at approximately 2.1% CAGR.

Global Plastomers Market - Key Trends and Drivers Summarized

Versatile Polymers: Understanding the Importance of Plastomers

Plastomers are a class of polymers that exhibit both plastic and elastomeric properties, combining the rigidity of plastics with the flexibility and resilience of elastomers. These materials are typically produced through the polymerization of ethylene with various comonomers, such as alpha-olefins, using advanced catalytic processes. The resulting polymers have a unique molecular structure that provides a balance of hardness and elasticity. Plastomers are designed to offer enhanced impact resistance, low-temperature performance, and superior clarity compared to traditional plastics. This balance of properties makes them suitable for a wide range of applications where traditional materials might fall short, offering enhanced performance characteristics for various industrial and consumer products.

How Are Plastomers Utilized in Different Industries?

Plastomers find applications across a broad spectrum of industries due to their unique combination of properties. In the packaging industry, they are used to manufacture flexible films, which provide superior strength, puncture resistance, and clarity for food packaging, shrink wraps, and industrial liners. The automotive industry leverages plastomers for interior components, weatherstripping, and gaskets, benefiting from their durability, flexibility, and lightweight nature. In the medical field, plastomers are utilized for medical bags, tubing, and various medical device components due to their excellent biocompatibility and chemical resistance. Additionally, the construction industry employs plastomers in roofing membranes, adhesives, and sealants, where their weather resistance and durability ensure long-lasting performance. The versatility of plastomers makes them an indispensable material across diverse applications, contributing to enhanced product performance and longevity.

What Are the Current Trends in Plastomer Technology?

The field of plastomer technology is continuously evolving, driven by innovations in material science and the growing demand for high-performance materials. One significant trend is the development of new copolymers and blends that enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of plastomers, expanding their applicability in more demanding environments. Advances in catalyst technology are enabling the production of plastomers with more uniform molecular structures, resulting in materials with improved clarity, toughness, and processability. Another trend is the focus on sustainability, with research directed towards the development of bio-based plastomers and the incorporation of recycled content to reduce environmental impact. Additionally, the integration of smart technologies, such as self-healing and responsive materials, is an emerging trend, opening new possibilities for innovative applications. These advancements are not only improving the performance of plastomers but also aligning with global sustainability goals, ensuring that these materials continue to meet the evolving needs of various industries.

What Factors Are Driving the Growth in the Plastomers Market?

The growth in the plastomers market is driven by several factors, reflecting the increasing demand for versatile and high-performance materials. The rapid expansion of the packaging industry, particularly in food and beverage sectors, is a significant driver, as plastomers provide superior barrier properties and durability. Technological advancements in automotive manufacturing are also boosting demand, with manufacturers seeking lightweight and durable materials to improve fuel efficiency and performance. The medical sector’s stringent requirements for safe and reliable materials are driving the adoption of plastomers, which meet high standards of biocompatibility and chemical resistance. Additionally, the growing emphasis on sustainability is encouraging the development and use of eco-friendly plastomers, supporting market growth. Innovations in material science and the increasing application of plastomers in emerging industries, such as electronics and renewable energy, are further propelling the market. These factors collectively ensure robust growth in the plastomers market, underscoring their critical role in modern material science and industrial applications.

Select Competitors (Total 41 Featured) -

  • Alpha Group
  • Borealis AG
  • Dow, Inc.
  • DuPont de Nemours, Inc.
  • Exxon Mobil Corporation
  • LG Chem
  • Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.
  • Plastomer Corporation
  • SABIC (Saudi Basic Industries Corporation)
  • SK Group
  • Sumitomo Corporation

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. METHODOLOGY

II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

  • 1. MARKET OVERVIEW
    • Influencer Market Insights
    • World Market Trajectories
    • Global Economic Update
    • Plastomers - Global Key Competitors Percentage Market Share in 2024 (E)
    • Competitive Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial for Players Worldwide in 2024 (E)
  • 2. FOCUS ON SELECT PLAYERS
  • 3. MARKET TRENDS & DRIVERS
  • 4. GLOBAL MARKET PERSPECTIVE
    • TABLE 1: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Automotive by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 2: World Historic Review for Automotive by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 3: World 16-Year Perspective for Automotive by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 4: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Wires & Cables by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 5: World Historic Review for Wires & Cables by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 6: World 16-Year Perspective for Wires & Cables by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 7: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Other Applications by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 8: World Historic Review for Other Applications by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 9: World 16-Year Perspective for Other Applications by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 10: World Plastomers Market Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2030
    • TABLE 11: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 12: World Historic Review for Plastomers by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 13: World 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets for Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 14: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Ethylene Propylene by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 15: World Historic Review for Ethylene Propylene by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 16: World 16-Year Perspective for Ethylene Propylene by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 17: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Ethylene Butene by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 18: World Historic Review for Ethylene Butene by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 19: World 16-Year Perspective for Ethylene Butene by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 20: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Ethylene Hexene by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 21: World Historic Review for Ethylene Hexene by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 22: World 16-Year Perspective for Ethylene Hexene by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 23: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Ethylene Octene by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 24: World Historic Review for Ethylene Octene by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 25: World 16-Year Perspective for Ethylene Octene by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 26: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Other Grades by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 27: World Historic Review for Other Grades by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 28: World 16-Year Perspective for Other Grades by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 29: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Food Packaging by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 30: World Historic Review for Food Packaging by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 31: World 16-Year Perspective for Food Packaging by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 32: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Non-Food Packaging by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 33: World Historic Review for Non-Food Packaging by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 34: World 16-Year Perspective for Non-Food Packaging by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa for Years 2014, 2024 & 2030

III. MARKET ANALYSIS

  • UNITED STATES
    • Plastomers Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in the United States for 2024 (E)
    • TABLE 35: USA Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 36: USA Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 37: USA 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 38: USA Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 39: USA Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 40: USA 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • CANADA
    • TABLE 41: Canada Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 42: Canada Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 43: Canada 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 44: Canada Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 45: Canada Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 46: Canada 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • JAPAN
    • Plastomers Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in Japan for 2024 (E)
    • TABLE 47: Japan Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 48: Japan Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 49: Japan 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 50: Japan Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 51: Japan Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 52: Japan 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • CHINA
    • Plastomers Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in China for 2024 (E)
    • TABLE 53: China Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 54: China Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 55: China 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 56: China Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 57: China Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 58: China 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • EUROPE
    • Plastomers Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in Europe for 2024 (E)
    • TABLE 59: Europe Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 60: Europe Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 61: Europe 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 62: Europe Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Geographic Region - France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia and Rest of Europe Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 63: Europe Historic Review for Plastomers by Geographic Region - France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia and Rest of Europe Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 64: Europe 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia and Rest of Europe Markets for Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 65: Europe Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 66: Europe Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 67: Europe 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • FRANCE
    • Plastomers Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in France for 2024 (E)
    • TABLE 68: France Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 69: France Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 70: France 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 71: France Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 72: France Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 73: France 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • GERMANY
    • Plastomers Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in Germany for 2024 (E)
    • TABLE 74: Germany Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 75: Germany Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 76: Germany 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 77: Germany Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 78: Germany Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 79: Germany 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • ITALY
    • TABLE 80: Italy Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 81: Italy Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 82: Italy 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 83: Italy Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 84: Italy Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 85: Italy 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • UNITED KINGDOM
    • Plastomers Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in the United Kingdom for 2024 (E)
    • TABLE 86: UK Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 87: UK Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 88: UK 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 89: UK Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 90: UK Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 91: UK 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • SPAIN
    • TABLE 92: Spain Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 93: Spain Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 94: Spain 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 95: Spain Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 96: Spain Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 97: Spain 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • RUSSIA
    • TABLE 98: Russia Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 99: Russia Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 100: Russia 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 101: Russia Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 102: Russia Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 103: Russia 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • REST OF EUROPE
    • TABLE 104: Rest of Europe Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 105: Rest of Europe Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 106: Rest of Europe 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 107: Rest of Europe Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 108: Rest of Europe Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 109: Rest of Europe 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • ASIA-PACIFIC
    • Plastomers Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in Asia-Pacific for 2024 (E)
    • TABLE 110: Asia-Pacific Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 111: Asia-Pacific Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 112: Asia-Pacific 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 113: Asia-Pacific Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Geographic Region - Australia, India, South Korea and Rest of Asia-Pacific Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 114: Asia-Pacific Historic Review for Plastomers by Geographic Region - Australia, India, South Korea and Rest of Asia-Pacific Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 115: Asia-Pacific 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Australia, India, South Korea and Rest of Asia-Pacific Markets for Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 116: Asia-Pacific Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 117: Asia-Pacific Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 118: Asia-Pacific 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • AUSTRALIA
    • Plastomers Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in Australia for 2024 (E)
    • TABLE 119: Australia Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 120: Australia Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 121: Australia 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 122: Australia Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 123: Australia Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 124: Australia 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • INDIA
    • Plastomers Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in India for 2024 (E)
    • TABLE 125: India Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 126: India Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 127: India 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 128: India Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 129: India Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 130: India 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • SOUTH KOREA
    • TABLE 131: South Korea Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 132: South Korea Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 133: South Korea 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 134: South Korea Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 135: South Korea Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 136: South Korea 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC
    • TABLE 137: Rest of Asia-Pacific Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 138: Rest of Asia-Pacific Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 139: Rest of Asia-Pacific 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 140: Rest of Asia-Pacific Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 141: Rest of Asia-Pacific Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 142: Rest of Asia-Pacific 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • LATIN AMERICA
    • Plastomers Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in Latin America for 2024 (E)
    • TABLE 143: Latin America Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 144: Latin America Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 145: Latin America 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 146: Latin America Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Geographic Region - Argentina, Brazil, Mexico and Rest of Latin America Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 147: Latin America Historic Review for Plastomers by Geographic Region - Argentina, Brazil, Mexico and Rest of Latin America Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 148: Latin America 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Argentina, Brazil, Mexico and Rest of Latin America Markets for Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 149: Latin America Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 150: Latin America Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 151: Latin America 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • ARGENTINA
    • TABLE 152: Argentina Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 153: Argentina Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 154: Argentina 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 155: Argentina Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 156: Argentina Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 157: Argentina 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • BRAZIL
    • TABLE 158: Brazil Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 159: Brazil Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 160: Brazil 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 161: Brazil Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 162: Brazil Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 163: Brazil 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • MEXICO
    • TABLE 164: Mexico Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 165: Mexico Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 166: Mexico 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 167: Mexico Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 168: Mexico Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 169: Mexico 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • REST OF LATIN AMERICA
    • TABLE 170: Rest of Latin America Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 171: Rest of Latin America Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 172: Rest of Latin America 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 173: Rest of Latin America Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 174: Rest of Latin America Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 175: Rest of Latin America 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • MIDDLE EAST
    • Plastomers Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in Middle East for 2024 (E)
    • TABLE 176: Middle East Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 177: Middle East Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 178: Middle East 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 179: Middle East Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Geographic Region - Iran, Israel, Saudi Arabia, UAE and Rest of Middle East Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 180: Middle East Historic Review for Plastomers by Geographic Region - Iran, Israel, Saudi Arabia, UAE and Rest of Middle East Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 181: Middle East 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Iran, Israel, Saudi Arabia, UAE and Rest of Middle East Markets for Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 182: Middle East Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 183: Middle East Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 184: Middle East 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • IRAN
    • TABLE 185: Iran Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 186: Iran Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 187: Iran 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 188: Iran Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 189: Iran Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 190: Iran 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • ISRAEL
    • TABLE 191: Israel Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 192: Israel Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 193: Israel 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 194: Israel Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 195: Israel Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 196: Israel 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • SAUDI ARABIA
    • TABLE 197: Saudi Arabia Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 198: Saudi Arabia Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 199: Saudi Arabia 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 200: Saudi Arabia Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 201: Saudi Arabia Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 202: Saudi Arabia 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
    • TABLE 203: UAE Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 204: UAE Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 205: UAE 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 206: UAE Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 207: UAE Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 208: UAE 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • REST OF MIDDLE EAST
    • TABLE 209: Rest of Middle East Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 210: Rest of Middle East Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 211: Rest of Middle East 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 212: Rest of Middle East Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 213: Rest of Middle East Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 214: Rest of Middle East 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
  • AFRICA
    • Plastomers Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in Africa for 2024 (E)
    • TABLE 215: Africa Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 216: Africa Historic Review for Plastomers by Application - Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 217: Africa 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Food Packaging, Non-Food Packaging, Automotive, Wires & Cables and Other Applications for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030
    • TABLE 218: Africa Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2023 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 219: Africa Historic Review for Plastomers by Grade - Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2014 through 2022 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 220: Africa 16-Year Perspective for Plastomers by Grade - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Ethylene Propylene, Ethylene Butene, Ethylene Hexene, Ethylene Octene and Other Grades for the Years 2014, 2024 & 2030

IV. COMPETITION

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