시장보고서
상품코드
1765107

세계의 멀티 모드 칩셋 시장

Multi-mode Chipsets

발행일: | 리서치사: Market Glass, Inc. (Formerly Global Industry Analysts, Inc.) | 페이지 정보: 영문 224 Pages | 배송안내 : 1-2일 (영업일 기준)

    
    
    



※ 본 상품은 영문 자료로 한글과 영문 목차에 불일치하는 내용이 있을 경우 영문을 우선합니다. 정확한 검토를 위해 영문 목차를 참고해주시기 바랍니다.

2024년에 101억 달러로 추정되는 멀티 모드 칩셋 세계 시장은 2024-2030년 CAGR 12.5%로 성장하여 2030년에는 205억 달러에 이를 것으로 예측됩니다. 본 보고서에서 분석한 부문 중 하나인 스마트폰은 CAGR13.3%를 나타내고, 분석 기간 종료시에는 120억 달러에 이를 것으로 예측됩니다. 태블릿 단말기 부문의 성장률은 분석 기간중 CAGR 8.8%로 추정됩니다.

미국 시장은 28억 달러, 중국은 CAGR 11.9%를 보일 것으로 예측

미국의 멀티 모드 칩셋 시장은 2024년에 28억 달러로 추정됩니다. 세계 2위 경제대국인 중국은 2030년까지 32억 달러 규모에 이를 것으로 예측되며, 분석 기간인 2024-2030년 CAGR은 11.9%로 추정됩니다. 기타 주목해야 할 지역별 시장으로서는 일본과 캐나다가 있으며, 분석 기간중 CAGR은 각각 11.0%와 10.6%를 보일 것으로 예측됩니다. 유럽에서는 독일이 CAGR 8.8%를 보일 전망입니다.

세계의 멀티 모드 칩셋 시장 - 주요 동향과 촉진요인 정리

멀티모드 칩셋이 원활한 연결에 필수적인 이유는 무엇인가?

모바일 연결이 필수적인 시대에 멀티모드 칩셋은 서로 다른 네트워크 세대 간의 원활한 통신을 보장하기 위해 필수적인 구성 요소로 등장했습니다. 이 칩셋은 2G, 3G, 4G, 4G LTE, 5G를 포함한 여러 무선 표준을 지원하여 디바이스가 네트워크 간을 쉽게 전환할 수 있게 해주며, 5G 네트워크가 빠르게 확장되고 레거시 기술로부터의 전환이 진행됨에 따라 멀티모드 칩셋은 후방 호환성을 보장하고 원활한 사용자 경험을 보장합니다. 호환성 및 원활한 사용자 경험을 보장합니다. 멀티모드 칩셋에 대한 수요는 소비자와 기업이 전 세계 네트워크에서 끊김 없는 연결성을 제공하는 디바이스를 요구함에 따라 증가하고 있습니다.

멀티모드 칩셋 시장을 형성하는 주요 동향은?

모바일 기술의 발전은 멀티모드 칩셋 업계에서 몇 가지 주요 트렌드를 주도하고 있습니다. 중요한 발전 중 하나는 5G와 밀리미터파(mmWave) 기술의 통합으로 데이터 속도를 향상시키고 대기 시간을 단축하는 것입니다. 또 다른 추세는 여러 기능을 하나의 칩셋에 통합하여 에너지 효율을 개선하고 제조 비용을 절감하는 시스템온칩(SoC) 아키텍처의 채택이 확대되고 있다는 점입니다. 또한, 캐리어 어그리게이션(Carrier Aggregation)과 동적 스펙트럼 공유(DSS)의 발전으로 네트워크의 효율성이 향상되고, 서로 다른 주파수 대역 간의 원활한 전환이 가능해졌습니다. 사물인터넷(IoT)과 엣지 컴퓨팅의 부상으로 다양한 연결 표준을 지원하는 멀티모드 칩셋에 대한 수요도 증가하고 있습니다.

시장 역학 및 규제가 업계에 어떤 영향을 미치고 있는가?

통신 사업자들이 기존 네트워크를 단계적으로 폐지하고 차세대 커넥티비티로 전환함에 따라 전 세계적으로 5G 네트워크가 구축되고 있는 것이 멀티모드 칩셋 채택의 주요 요인으로 작용하고 있습니다. 정부와 규제 기관은 멀티모드 통신을 지원하기 위해 새로운 주파수 대역을 할당하여 네트워크 확장을 촉진하고 있습니다. 그러나 지정학적 긴장과 공급망 혼란은 칩셋 생산에 영향을 미쳐 부품 부족과 가격 변동으로 이어지고 있습니다. 또한, 네트워크 보안 및 규정 준수에 대한 규제 요건이 칩셋 설계 및 제조 공정에 영향을 미치고 있으며, 업계는 안전하고 효율적인 솔루션에 투자해야 하는 상황에 직면해 있습니다.

멀티모드 칩셋 시장의 성장 원동력은?

멀티모드 칩셋 시장의 성장은 5G 네트워크의 세계 확산, 스마트폰의 보급 확대, IoT 지원 기기에 대한 수요 증가 등 여러 가지 요인에 의해 이루어지고 있습니다. 또한, 스마트 홈 기기, 산업 자동화, 커넥티드카의 채택이 확대되면서 여러 네트워크 표준을 지원하는 칩셋의 필요성이 높아지고 있습니다. 또한, AI를 활용한 네트워크 최적화의 발전으로 멀티모드 칩셋의 성능이 향상되고, 효율성과 적응성이 높아지면서 멀티모드 칩셋의 성능이 향상되고 있습니다. 소비자와 기업이 더 빠르고 안정적인 연결성을 요구함에 따라 멀티모드 칩셋 산업은 향후 몇 년 동안 크게 성장할 것으로 예측됩니다.

부문

용도(스마트폰, 태블릿, 웨어러블 디바이스, 기타 용도)

조사 대상 기업 예

  • Altair Semiconductor
  • Broadcom Ltd.
  • GCT Semiconductor, Inc.
  • HiSilicon Technologies Co., Ltd.
  • Intel Corporation
  • Marvell Technology Group Ltd.
  • MediaTek, Inc.
  • Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.
  • Samsung Corporation
  • Spreadtrum Communications, Inc.

AI 통합

Global Industry Analysts는 유효한 전문가 컨텐츠와 AI툴에 의해서, 시장 정보와 경쟁 정보를 변혁하고 있습니다.

Global Industry Analysts는 LLM나 업계 고유 SLM를 조회하는 일반적인 규범에 따르는 대신에, 비디오 기록, 블로그, 검색 엔진 조사, 방대한 양의 기업, 제품/서비스, 시장 데이터 등, 전 세계 전문가로부터 수집한 컨텐츠 리포지토리를 구축했습니다.

관세 영향 계수

Global Industry Analysts는 본사의 국가, 제조거점, 수출입(완제품 및 OEM)을 기반으로 기업의 경쟁력 변화를 예측했습니다. 이러한 복잡하고 다면적인 시장 역학은 수익원가(COGS) 증가, 수익성 감소, 공급망 재편 등 미시적 및 거시적 시장 역학 중에서도 특히 경쟁사들에게 영향을 미칠 것으로 예측됩니다.

목차

제1장 조사 방법

제2장 주요 요약

  • 시장 개요
  • 주요 기업
  • 시장 동향과 촉진요인
  • 세계 시장 전망

제3장 시장 분석

  • 미국
  • 캐나다
  • 일본
  • 중국
  • 유럽
  • 프랑스
  • 독일
  • 이탈리아
  • 영국
  • 기타 유럽
  • 아시아태평양
  • 기타 지역

제4장 경쟁

LSH 25.07.15

Global Multi-mode Chipsets Market to Reach US$20.5 Billion by 2030

The global market for Multi-mode Chipsets estimated at US$10.1 Billion in the year 2024, is expected to reach US$20.5 Billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 12.5% over the analysis period 2024-2030. Smartphones, one of the segments analyzed in the report, is expected to record a 13.3% CAGR and reach US$12.0 Billion by the end of the analysis period. Growth in the Tablets segment is estimated at 8.8% CAGR over the analysis period.

The U.S. Market is Estimated at US$2.8 Billion While China is Forecast to Grow at 11.9% CAGR

The Multi-mode Chipsets market in the U.S. is estimated at US$2.8 Billion in the year 2024. China, the world's second largest economy, is forecast to reach a projected market size of US$3.2 Billion by the year 2030 trailing a CAGR of 11.9% over the analysis period 2024-2030. Among the other noteworthy geographic markets are Japan and Canada, each forecast to grow at a CAGR of 11.0% and 10.6% respectively over the analysis period. Within Europe, Germany is forecast to grow at approximately 8.8% CAGR.

Global Multi-Mode Chipsets Market - Key Trends & Drivers Summarized

Why Are Multi-Mode Chipsets Crucial for Seamless Connectivity?

In an era where mobile connectivity is essential, multi-mode chipsets have emerged as a vital component in ensuring seamless communication across different network generations. These chipsets support multiple wireless standards, including 2G, 3G, 4G LTE, and 5G, enabling devices to switch between networks effortlessly. With the rapid expansion of 5G networks and the ongoing transition from legacy technologies, multi-mode chipsets allow for backward compatibility, ensuring a smooth user experience. The demand for multi-mode chipsets is increasing as consumers and enterprises seek devices that provide uninterrupted connectivity across global networks.

What Are the Key Trends Shaping the Multi-Mode Chipset Market?

The evolution of mobile technology is driving several key trends in the multi-mode chipset industry. One significant development is the integration of 5G and millimeter-wave (mmWave) technology, which enhances data speeds and reduces latency. Another trend is the growing adoption of system-on-chip (SoC) architectures, which integrate multiple functions into a single chipset, improving energy efficiency and reducing manufacturing costs. Additionally, advancements in carrier aggregation and dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) are enabling better network utilization and seamless transitions between different frequency bands. The rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) and edge computing is also increasing the demand for multi-mode chipsets that can support various connectivity standards.

How Are Market Dynamics and Regulations Impacting the Industry?

The deployment of 5G networks worldwide is a key driver of multi-mode chipset adoption, as telecom operators phase out older networks and transition to next-generation connectivity. Governments and regulatory bodies are allocating new spectrum bands to support multi-mode communications, facilitating network expansion. However, geopolitical tensions and supply chain disruptions have impacted chipset production, leading to component shortages and pricing fluctuations. Additionally, regulatory requirements for network security and compliance are influencing chipset design and manufacturing processes, compelling industry players to invest in secure and efficient solutions.

What Is Driving the Growth of the Multi-Mode Chipset Market?

The growth in the multi-mode chipset market is driven by several factors, including the global rollout of 5G networks, increasing smartphone penetration, and rising demand for IoT-enabled devices. The growing adoption of smart home devices, industrial automation, and connected vehicles is also fueling the need for chipsets that can support multiple network standards. Furthermore, advancements in AI-powered network optimization are enhancing the performance of multi-mode chipsets, making them more efficient and adaptable. As consumers and businesses demand faster, more reliable connectivity, the multi-mode chipset industry is poised for significant expansion in the coming years.

SCOPE OF STUDY:

The report analyzes the Multi-mode Chipsets market in terms of units by the following Segments, and Geographic Regions/Countries:

Segments:

Application (Smartphones, Tablets, Wearable Devices, Other Applications)

Geographic Regions/Countries:

World; United States; Canada; Japan; China; Europe (France; Germany; Italy; United Kingdom; and Rest of Europe); Asia-Pacific; Rest of World.

Select Competitors (Total 43 Featured) -

  • Altair Semiconductor
  • Broadcom Ltd.
  • GCT Semiconductor, Inc.
  • HiSilicon Technologies Co., Ltd.
  • Intel Corporation
  • Marvell Technology Group Ltd.
  • MediaTek, Inc.
  • Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.
  • Samsung Corporation
  • Spreadtrum Communications, Inc.

AI INTEGRATIONS

We're transforming market and competitive intelligence with validated expert content and AI tools.

Instead of following the general norm of querying LLMs and Industry-specific SLMs, we built repositories of content curated from domain experts worldwide including video transcripts, blogs, search engines research, and massive amounts of enterprise, product/service, and market data.

TARIFF IMPACT FACTOR

Our new release incorporates impact of tariffs on geographical markets as we predict a shift in competitiveness of companies based on HQ country, manufacturing base, exports and imports (finished goods and OEM). This intricate and multifaceted market reality will impact competitors by increasing the Cost of Goods Sold (COGS), reducing profitability, reconfiguring supply chains, amongst other micro and macro market dynamics.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. METHODOLOGY

II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

  • 1. MARKET OVERVIEW
    • Influencer Market Insights
    • Tariff Impact on Global Supply Chain Patterns
    • Global Economic Update
    • Multi-mode Chipsets - Global Key Competitors Percentage Market Share in 2025 (E)
    • Competitive Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial for Players Worldwide in 2025 (E)
  • 2. FOCUS ON SELECT PLAYERS
  • 3. MARKET TRENDS & DRIVERS
    • Growing Rollout of 5G Networks Propels Demand for Multi-Mode Chipsets Supporting Multiple Frequencies
    • Rising Adoption of IoT Devices Expands Addressable Market for Multi-Mode Chipsets
    • Increasing Demand for Seamless Connectivity in Smartphones Drives Growth of Multi-Mode Chipsets
    • Surge in Automotive Connectivity Solutions Strengthens Business Case for Multi-Mode Chipsets in Vehicles
    • Expanding Use of Multi-Mode Chipsets in Wearable Technology Fuels Market Growth
    • Growth of Smart Home Devices and Automation Expands Market for Multi-Mode Connectivity Solutions
    • Rising Focus on Low Power Consumption and Energy Efficiency Drives Innovation in Multi-Mode Chipsets
    • Increasing Adoption of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) Applications Propels Growth of Multi-Mode Chipsets
    • Growing Popularity of Satellite Communication Solutions Expands Market for Multi-Mode Chipsets in IoT and Remote Areas
    • Development of Multi-Band Antennas Strengthens Demand for Integrated Multi-Mode Chipsets
    • Expanding Role of Multi-Mode Chipsets in Wearables for Healthcare Applications Propels Growth
    • Increasing Complexity of Wireless Networks Drives Adoption of Advanced Multi-Mode Chipsets
    • Growth of Cloud-Based Applications and Edge Computing Strengthens Business Case for Multi-Mode Chipsets
  • 4. GLOBAL MARKET PERSPECTIVE
    • TABLE 1: World Multi-mode Chipsets Market Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2030
    • TABLE 2: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Multi-mode Chipsets by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 3: World 6-Year Perspective for Multi-mode Chipsets by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets for Years 2025 & 2030
    • TABLE 4: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Smartphones by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 5: World 6-Year Perspective for Smartphones by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World for Years 2025 & 2030
    • TABLE 6: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Tablets by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 7: World 6-Year Perspective for Tablets by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World for Years 2025 & 2030
    • TABLE 8: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Other Applications by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 9: World 6-Year Perspective for Other Applications by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World for Years 2025 & 2030
    • TABLE 10: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Wearable Devices by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 11: World 6-Year Perspective for Wearable Devices by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, China, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World for Years 2025 & 2030

III. MARKET ANALYSIS

  • UNITED STATES
    • Multi-mode Chipsets Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in the United States for 2025 (E)
    • TABLE 12: USA Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 13: USA 6-Year Perspective for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices for the Years 2025 & 2030
  • CANADA
    • TABLE 14: Canada Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 15: Canada 6-Year Perspective for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices for the Years 2025 & 2030
  • JAPAN
    • Multi-mode Chipsets Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in Japan for 2025 (E)
    • TABLE 16: Japan Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 17: Japan 6-Year Perspective for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices for the Years 2025 & 2030
  • CHINA
    • Multi-mode Chipsets Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in China for 2025 (E)
    • TABLE 18: China Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 19: China 6-Year Perspective for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices for the Years 2025 & 2030
  • EUROPE
    • Multi-mode Chipsets Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in Europe for 2025 (E)
    • TABLE 20: Europe Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Multi-mode Chipsets by Geographic Region - France, Germany, Italy, UK and Rest of Europe Markets - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 21: Europe 6-Year Perspective for Multi-mode Chipsets by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for France, Germany, Italy, UK and Rest of Europe Markets for Years 2025 & 2030
    • TABLE 22: Europe Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 23: Europe 6-Year Perspective for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices for the Years 2025 & 2030
  • FRANCE
    • Multi-mode Chipsets Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in France for 2025 (E)
    • TABLE 24: France Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 25: France 6-Year Perspective for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices for the Years 2025 & 2030
  • GERMANY
    • Multi-mode Chipsets Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in Germany for 2025 (E)
    • TABLE 26: Germany Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 27: Germany 6-Year Perspective for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices for the Years 2025 & 2030
  • ITALY
    • TABLE 28: Italy Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 29: Italy 6-Year Perspective for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices for the Years 2025 & 2030
  • UNITED KINGDOM
    • Multi-mode Chipsets Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in the United Kingdom for 2025 (E)
    • TABLE 30: UK Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 31: UK 6-Year Perspective for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices for the Years 2025 & 2030
  • REST OF EUROPE
    • TABLE 32: Rest of Europe Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 33: Rest of Europe 6-Year Perspective for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices for the Years 2025 & 2030
  • ASIA-PACIFIC
    • Multi-mode Chipsets Market Presence - Strong/Active/Niche/Trivial - Key Competitors in Asia-Pacific for 2025 (E)
    • TABLE 34: Asia-Pacific Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 35: Asia-Pacific 6-Year Perspective for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices for the Years 2025 & 2030
  • REST OF WORLD
    • TABLE 36: Rest of World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices - Independent Analysis of Annual Sales in US$ Million for the Years 2024 through 2030 and % CAGR
    • TABLE 37: Rest of World 6-Year Perspective for Multi-mode Chipsets by Application - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Smartphones, Tablets, Other Applications and Wearable Devices for the Years 2025 & 2030

IV. COMPETITION

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