세계의 반도체 자동 테스트 장비 분석용 AI 시장(2025-2029년)

The AI in semiconductor automated test equipment analysis market is forecasted to grow by USD 7,913.9 mn during 2024-2029, accelerating at a CAGR of 19% during the forecast period. The report on the AI in semiconductor automated test equipment analysis market provides a holistic analysis, market size and forecast, trends, growth drivers, and challenges, as well as vendor analysis covering around 25 vendors.

The report offers an up-to-date analysis regarding the current market scenario, the latest trends and drivers, and the overall market environment. The market is driven by escalating semiconductor complexity and proliferation of advanced packaging, economic imperative for manufacturing yield optimization and cost containment, and stringent reliability and quality demands from critical sectors.

The study was conducted using an objective combination of primary and secondary information including inputs from key participants in the industry. The report contains a comprehensive market size data, segment with regional analysis and vendor landscape in addition to an analysis of the key companies. Reports have historic and forecast data.

Technavio's AI in semiconductor automated test equipment analysis market is segmented as below:

By Component

• Hardware
• Software
• Services

By Type

• Non-memory ATE
• Memory ATE
• Discrete ATE

By Technology

• Machine learning
• Deep learning
• Predictive analytics
• NLP

By End-user

• Consumer electronics
• Automotive
• Telecommunications
• High-performance computing
• Others

By Geographical Landscape

• APAC
• North America
• Europe
• South America
• Middle East and Africa

This study identifies the proliferation of edge AI for real-time test inference and adaptive control as one of the prime reasons driving the AI in semiconductor automated test equipment analysis market growth during the next few years. Also, integration of generative AI for test program development and root cause analysis and emergence of digital twin for holistic design-to-test correlation will lead to sizable demand in the market.

The report on the AI in semiconductor automated test equipment analysis market covers the following areas:

• AI In Semiconductor Automated Test Equipment Analysis Market sizing
• AI In Semiconductor Automated Test Equipment Analysis Market forecast
• AI In Semiconductor Automated Test Equipment Analysis Market industry analysis

The robust vendor analysis is designed to help clients improve their market position, and in line with this, this report provides a detailed analysis of several leading AI in semiconductor automated test equipment analysis market vendors that include Advantest Corp., Aemulus Holdings Bhd, Astronics Corp., Chroma ATE Inc., Cohu Inc., FormFactor Inc., Keysight Technologies Inc., MAC Panel, Marvin Test Solutions Inc., Micronics Japan Co. Ltd., National Instruments Corp., SPEA Spa, STAR TECHNOLOGIES, Synopsys Inc., Teradyne Inc., TESEC Inc., Tokyo Electron Ltd., Virginia Panel Corp., and ViTrox Corp. Berhad. Also, the AI in semiconductor automated test equipment analysis market analysis report includes information on upcoming trends and challenges that will influence market growth. This is to help companies strategize and leverage all forthcoming growth opportunities.

The publisher presents a detailed picture of the market by the way of study, synthesis, and summation of data from multiple sources by an analysis of key parameters such as profit, pricing, competition, and promotions. It presents various market facets by identifying the key industry influencers. The data presented is comprehensive, reliable, and a result of extensive primary and secondary research. The market research reports provide a complete competitive landscape and an in-depth vendor selection methodology and analysis using qualitative and quantitative research to forecast accurate market growth.

Table of Contents

1 Executive Summary

• 1.1 Market overview
  • Executive Summary - Chart on Market Overview
  • Executive Summary - Data Table on Market Overview
  • Executive Summary - Chart on Global Market Characteristics
  • Executive Summary - Chart on Market By Geographical Landscape
  • Executive Summary - Chart on Market Segmentation by Component
  • Executive Summary - Chart on Market Segmentation by Type
  • Executive Summary - Chart on Market Segmentation by Technology
  • Executive Summary - Chart on Market Segmentation by End-user
  • Executive Summary - Chart on Incremental Growth
  • Executive Summary - Data Table on Incremental Growth
  • Executive Summary - Chart on Company Market Positioning

2 Technavio Analysis

• 2.1 Analysis of price sensitivity, lifecycle, customer purchase basket, adoption rates, and purchase criteria
  • Analysis of price sensitivity, lifecycle, customer purchase basket, adoption rates, and purchase criteria
• 2.2 Criticality of inputs and Factors of differentiation
  • Overview on criticality of inputs and factors of differentiation
• 2.3 Factors of disruption
  • Overview on factors of disruption
• 2.4 Impact of drivers and challenges
  • Impact of drivers and challenges in 2024 and 2029

3 Market Landscape

• 3.1 Market ecosystem
  • Parent Market
  • Data Table on - Parent Market
• 3.2 Market characteristics
  • Market characteristics analysis
• 3.3 Value chain analysis
  • Value chain analysis

4 Market Sizing

• 4.1 Market definition
  • Offerings of companies included in the market definition
• 4.2 Market segment analysis
  • Market segments
• 4.3 Market size 2024
• 4.4 Market outlook: Forecast for 2024-2029
  • Chart on Global - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Global - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on Global Market: Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Global Market: Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)

5 Historic Market Size

• 5.1 Global AI In Semiconductor Automated Test Equipment Analysis Market 2019 - 2023
  • Historic Market Size - Data Table on Global AI In Semiconductor Automated Test Equipment Analysis Market 2019 - 2023 ($ million)
• 5.2 Component segment analysis 2019 - 2023
  • Historic Market Size - Component Segment 2019 - 2023 ($ million)
• 5.3 Type segment analysis 2019 - 2023
  • Historic Market Size - Type Segment 2019 - 2023 ($ million)
• 5.4 Technology segment analysis 2019 - 2023
  • Historic Market Size - Technology Segment 2019 - 2023 ($ million)
• 5.5 End-user segment analysis 2019 - 2023
  • Historic Market Size - End-user Segment 2019 - 2023 ($ million)
• 5.6 Geography segment analysis 2019 - 2023
  • Historic Market Size - Geography Segment 2019 - 2023 ($ million)
• 5.7 Country segment analysis 2019 - 2023
  • Historic Market Size - Country Segment 2019 - 2023 ($ million)

6 Five Forces Analysis

• 6.1 Five forces summary
  • Five forces analysis - Comparison between 2024 and 2029
• 6.2 Bargaining power of buyers
  • Bargaining power of buyers - Impact of key factors 2024 and 2029
• 6.3 Bargaining power of suppliers
  • Bargaining power of suppliers - Impact of key factors in 2024 and 2029
• 6.4 Threat of new entrants
  • Threat of new entrants - Impact of key factors in 2024 and 2029
• 6.5 Threat of substitutes
  • Threat of substitutes - Impact of key factors in 2024 and 2029
• 6.6 Threat of rivalry
  • Threat of rivalry - Impact of key factors in 2024 and 2029
• 6.7 Market condition
  • Chart on Market condition - Five forces 2024 and 2029

7 Market Segmentation by Component

• 7.1 Market segments
  • Chart on Component - Market share 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Component - Market share 2024-2029 (%)
• 7.2 Comparison by Component
  • Chart on Comparison by Component
  • Data Table on Comparison by Component
• 7.3 Hardware - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on Hardware - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Hardware - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on Hardware - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Hardware - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 7.4 Software - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on Software - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Software - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on Software - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Software - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 7.5 Services - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on Services - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Services - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on Services - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Services - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 7.6 Market opportunity by Component
  • Market opportunity by Component ($ million)
  • Data Table on Market opportunity by Component ($ million)

8 Market Segmentation by Type

• 8.1 Market segments
  • Chart on Type - Market share 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Type - Market share 2024-2029 (%)
• 8.2 Comparison by Type
  • Chart on Comparison by Type
  • Data Table on Comparison by Type
• 8.3 Non-memory ATE - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on Non-memory ATE - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Non-memory ATE - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on Non-memory ATE - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Non-memory ATE - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 8.4 Memory ATE - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on Memory ATE - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Memory ATE - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on Memory ATE - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Memory ATE - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 8.5 Discrete ATE - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on Discrete ATE - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Discrete ATE - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on Discrete ATE - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Discrete ATE - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 8.6 Market opportunity by Type
  • Market opportunity by Type ($ million)
  • Data Table on Market opportunity by Type ($ million)

9 Market Segmentation by Technology

• 9.1 Market segments
  • Chart on Technology - Market share 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Technology - Market share 2024-2029 (%)
• 9.2 Comparison by Technology
  • Chart on Comparison by Technology
  • Data Table on Comparison by Technology
• 9.3 Machine learning - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on Machine learning - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Machine learning - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on Machine learning - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Machine learning - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 9.4 Deep learning - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on Deep learning - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Deep learning - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on Deep learning - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Deep learning - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 9.5 Predictive analytics - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on Predictive analytics - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Predictive analytics - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on Predictive analytics - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Predictive analytics - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 9.6 NLP - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on NLP - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on NLP - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on NLP - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on NLP - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 9.7 Market opportunity by Technology
  • Market opportunity by Technology ($ million)
  • Data Table on Market opportunity by Technology ($ million)

10 Market Segmentation by End-user

• 10.1 Market segments
  • Chart on End-user - Market share 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on End-user - Market share 2024-2029 (%)
• 10.2 Comparison by End-user
  • Chart on Comparison by End-user
  • Data Table on Comparison by End-user
• 10.3 Consumer electronics - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on Consumer electronics - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Consumer electronics - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on Consumer electronics - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Consumer electronics - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 10.4 Automotive - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on Automotive - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Automotive - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on Automotive - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Automotive - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 10.5 Telecommunications - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on Telecommunications - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Telecommunications - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on Telecommunications - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Telecommunications - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 10.6 High-performance computing - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on High-performance computing - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on High-performance computing - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on High-performance computing - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on High-performance computing - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 10.7 Others - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on Others - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Others - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on Others - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Others - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 10.8 Market opportunity by End-user
  • Market opportunity by End-user ($ million)
  • Data Table on Market opportunity by End-user ($ million)

11 Customer Landscape

• 11.1 Customer landscape overview
  • Analysis of price sensitivity, lifecycle, customer purchase basket, adoption rates, and purchase criteria

12 Geographic Landscape

• 12.1 Geographic segmentation
  • Chart on Market share By Geographical Landscape 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Market share By Geographical Landscape 2024-2029 (%)
• 12.2 Geographic comparison
  • Chart on Geographic comparison
  • Data Table on Geographic comparison
• 12.3 APAC - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on APAC - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on APAC - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on APAC - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on APAC - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 12.4 North America - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on North America - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on North America - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on North America - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on North America - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 12.5 Europe - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on Europe - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Europe - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on Europe - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Europe - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 12.6 South America - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on South America - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on South America - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on South America - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on South America - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 12.7 Middle East and Africa - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on Middle East and Africa - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Middle East and Africa - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on Middle East and Africa - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Middle East and Africa - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 12.8 US - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on US - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on US - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on US - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on US - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 12.9 China - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on China - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on China - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on China - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on China - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 12.10 South Korea - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on South Korea - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on South Korea - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on South Korea - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on South Korea - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 12.11 Germany - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on Germany - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Germany - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on Germany - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Germany - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 12.12 Japan - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on Japan - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Japan - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on Japan - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Japan - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 12.13 UK - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on UK - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on UK - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on UK - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on UK - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 12.14 France - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on France - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on France - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on France - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on France - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 12.15 India - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on India - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on India - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on India - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on India - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 12.16 Canada - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on Canada - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Canada - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on Canada - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Canada - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 12.17 Australia - Market size and forecast 2024-2029
  • Chart on Australia - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Australia - Market size and forecast 2024-2029 ($ million)
  • Chart on Australia - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
  • Data Table on Australia - Year-over-year growth 2024-2029 (%)
• 12.18 Market opportunity By Geographical Landscape
  • Market opportunity By Geographical Landscape ($ million)
  • Data Tables on Market opportunity By Geographical Landscape ($ million)

13 Drivers, Challenges, and Opportunity/Restraints

• 13.1 Market drivers
• 13.2 Market challenges
• 13.3 Impact of drivers and challenges
  • Impact of drivers and challenges in 2024 and 2029
• 13.4 Market opportunities/restraints

14 Competitive Landscape

• 14.1 Overview
• 14.2 Competitive Landscape
  • Overview on criticality of inputs and factors of differentiation
• 14.3 Landscape disruption
  • Overview on factors of disruption
• 14.4 Industry risks
  • Impact of key risks on business

15 Competitive Analysis

• 15.1 Companies profiled
  • Companies covered
• 15.2 Company ranking index
  • Company ranking index
• 15.3 Market positioning of companies
  • Matrix on companies position and classification
• 15.4 Advantest Corp.
  • Advantest Corp. - Overview
  • Advantest Corp. - Business segments
  • Advantest Corp. - Key news
  • Advantest Corp. - Key offerings
  • Advantest Corp. - Segment focus
  • SWOT
• 15.5 Aemulus Holdings Bhd
  • Aemulus Holdings Bhd - Overview
  • Aemulus Holdings Bhd - Product / Service
  • Aemulus Holdings Bhd - Key offerings
  • SWOT
• 15.6 Astronics Corp.
  • Astronics Corp. - Overview
  • Astronics Corp. - Business segments
  • Astronics Corp. - Key news
  • Astronics Corp. - Key offerings
  • Astronics Corp. - Segment focus
  • SWOT
• 15.7 Chroma ATE Inc.
  • Chroma ATE Inc. - Overview
  • Chroma ATE Inc. - Business segments
  • Chroma ATE Inc. - Key offerings
  • Chroma ATE Inc. - Segment focus
  • SWOT
• 15.8 Cohu Inc.
  • Cohu Inc. - Overview
  • Cohu Inc. - Product / Service
  • Cohu Inc. - Key offerings
  • SWOT
• 15.9 Keysight Technologies Inc.
  • Keysight Technologies Inc. - Overview
  • Keysight Technologies Inc. - Business segments
  • Keysight Technologies Inc. - Key news
  • Keysight Technologies Inc. - Key offerings
  • Keysight Technologies Inc. - Segment focus
  • SWOT
• 15.10 Micronics Japan Co. Ltd.
  • Micronics Japan Co. Ltd. - Overview
  • Micronics Japan Co. Ltd. - Product / Service
  • Micronics Japan Co. Ltd. - Key offerings
  • SWOT
• 15.11 National Instruments Corp.
  • National Instruments Corp. - Overview
  • National Instruments Corp. - Product / Service
  • National Instruments Corp. - Key offerings
  • SWOT
• 15.12 SPEA Spa
  • SPEA Spa - Overview
  • SPEA Spa - Product / Service
  • SPEA Spa - Key offerings
  • SWOT
• 15.13 STAR TECHNOLOGIES
  • STAR TECHNOLOGIES - Overview
  • STAR TECHNOLOGIES - Product / Service
  • STAR TECHNOLOGIES - Key offerings
  • SWOT
• 15.14 Synopsys Inc.
  • Synopsys Inc. - Overview
  • Synopsys Inc. - Business segments
  • Synopsys Inc. - Key news
  • Synopsys Inc. - Key offerings
  • Synopsys Inc. - Segment focus
  • SWOT
• 15.15 Teradyne Inc.
  • Teradyne Inc. - Overview
  • Teradyne Inc. - Business segments
  • Teradyne Inc. - Key news
  • Teradyne Inc. - Key offerings
  • Teradyne Inc. - Segment focus
  • SWOT
• 15.16 Tokyo Electron Ltd.
  • Tokyo Electron Ltd. - Overview
  • Tokyo Electron Ltd. - Business segments
  • Tokyo Electron Ltd. - Key offerings
  • Tokyo Electron Ltd. - Segment focus
  • SWOT
• 15.17 Virginia Panel Corp.
  • Virginia Panel Corp. - Overview
  • Virginia Panel Corp. - Product / Service
  • Virginia Panel Corp. - Key offerings
  • SWOT
• 15.18 ViTrox Corp. Berhad
  • ViTrox Corp. Berhad - Overview
  • ViTrox Corp. Berhad - Product / Service
  • ViTrox Corp. Berhad - Key offerings
  • SWOT

16 Appendix

• 16.1 Scope of the report
• 16.2 Inclusions and exclusions checklist
  • Inclusions checklist
  • Exclusions checklist
• 16.3 Currency conversion rates for US$
  • Currency conversion rates for US$
• 16.4 Research methodology
  • Research methodology
• 16.5 Data procurement
  • Information sources
• 16.6 Data validation
  • Data validation
• 16.7 Validation techniques employed for market sizing
  • Validation techniques employed for market sizing
• 16.8 Data synthesis
  • Data synthesis
• 16.9 360 degree market analysis
  • 360 degree market analysis
• 16.10 List of abbreviations
  • List of abbreviations