세계의 타이밍 디바이스 시장 : 발진기별, 크리스탈별, 세라믹별, 원자시계별, 클럭 제너레이터별, 클럭 버퍼별, 지터 감쇠기별 예측(-2030년)

The timing devices market is projected to grow from USD 5.24 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach USD 7.59 billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 6.4% from 2024 to 2030. The increase in the number of smartphones, tablets, wearables and other devices makes accurate timekeeping necessary for seamless communication and efficient functioning of different features and functionalities. The internal clock of a smartphone is synchronized with the network time sources by timing devices to make sure the device keeps accurate time even when moving between different time zones or network providers. Timing devices make sure that precise timing synchronization is there in cellular and wireless communication protocols so that data transfer and voice calls can be made without interruption. The use of timing devices together with global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) like GPS ensures accurate positioning and location-based functions such as navigation and location tracking.

"The oscillators segment in the timing devices market to hold the largest market share during the forecast period."

Oscillators segment to hold the largest maket share due to the growing need for low and stable power consumption, low phase jitter and cost effectiveness. The frequency setting, audio applications and clock signal generation are some of the areas in which oscillators can be used. More so, the growth of this segment is fueled by the increasing demand for crystal oscillators with stable output that produce low noise signals for better quality in addition to a rise in demand for programmable oscillators that meet custom output specifications.

"Market for silicon in the timing devices market to witness highest growth rate during the forecast period."

Silicon is the substance that forms the basis of majority of integrated circuits utilized in present day consumer electronics. Adoption of silicon is encouraged by its economies of scale, cheapness of high-quality materials easy to obtain and capability of merging functions. Furthermore, using silicon has a number of benefits because of its physical characteristics. Its properties, such as stability, precision, and compatibility with semiconductor manufacturing processes, make it ideal for use in a wide range of timing devices, including oscillators and resonators.

"Asia Pacific is expected to hold the largest market size in the timing devices market during the forecast period."

Asia Pacific is expected to hold the largest market size in the timing devices market during the forecast period due to the escalation of fast data transfer and low latency requirements, there is an increasing need for timing devices in the China telecommunication industry. In order for communication infrastructure, such as improved or enlarged fiber optic networks, data centers and transmission equipment, to be reliable and synchronized, they need high precision timekeeping devices. One major area of industrial automation is manufacturing, power and utility systems that involve the application of automation. Timing precision is important in synchronizing manufacturing operations control systems as well as gathering information. Moreover, new automation techniques have created greater demands for timing equipment.

• By Company Type: Tier 1 - 20%, Tier 2 - 35%, and Tier 3 - 45%
• By Designation: C-level Executives - 20%, Directors -30%, and Others - 50%
• By Region: North America -40%, Europe - 20%, Asia Pacific- 30%, and RoW - 10%

Prominent players profiled in this report include TXC Corporation (Taiwan), Seiko Epson Corporation (Japan), KYOCERA Corporation (Japan), NIHON DEMPA KOGYO CO., LTD., (Japan), Renesas Electronics Corporation (Japan), Rakon Limited (New Zealand), Infineon Technologies AG (Germany), Texas Instruments Incorporated (US), and Abracon (US). Microchip Technology Inc. (US), IQD Frequency Products Ltd. (UK), Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. (US), STMicroelectronics (Switzerland), SiTime Corp. (US), MtronPTI (US), CTS Corporation (US), Diodes Incorporated (US), ON Semiconductor Corporation (US), Greenray Industries, Inc. (US), Crystek Corporation (US), Frequency Electronics, Inc. (US), Oscilloquartz (Switzerland), AccuBeat Ltd. (Israel), Connor-Winfield Corporation (US), and Mercury Inc. (Taiwan) are among a few other key companies in the timing devices market.

Report Coverage

The report defines, describes, and forecasts the timing devices market based on type, material, vertical, and region. It provides detailed information regarding drivers, restraints, opportunities, and challenges influencing the growth of the timing devices market. It also analyzes competitive developments such as acquisitions, product launches, expansions, and actions carried out by the key players to grow in the market.

Reasons to Buy This Report

The report will help the market leaders/new entrants in the market with information on the closest approximations of the revenue for the overall timing devices market and the subsegments. The report will help stakeholders understand the competitive landscape and gain more insight to position their business better and plan suitable go-to-market strategies. The report also helps stakeholders understand the pulse of the market and provides them with information on key drivers, restraints, opportunities, and challenges.

The report will provide insights into the following pointers:

• Analysis of key drivers (Increasing adoption of advanced automotive electronics) restraints (High development costs of timing devices)

opportunities (Growing need for high-precision timing and frequency stability due to network densification), and challenges (Difficulties in designing timing devices for customized applications requiring small form factors) of the timing devices market.

• Product development /Innovation: Detailed insights on upcoming technologies, new product launches, and research & development activities in the timing devices market.
• Market Development: Comprehensive information about lucrative markets; the report analyses the timing devices market across various regions.
• Market Diversification: Exhaustive information about new products launched, untapped geographies, recent developments, and investments in the timing devices market.
• Competitive Assessment: In-depth assessment of market share, growth strategies, and offering of leading players like NIHON DEMPA KOGYO CO., LTD., (Japan), KYOCERA Corporation (Japan), Seiko Epson Corporation (Japan), TXC Corporation (Taiwan), and Rakon Limited (New Zealand) among others in the timing devices market.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION

• 1.1 STUDY OBJECTIVES
• 1.2 MARKET DEFINITION
  • 1.2.1 INCLUSIONS AND EXCLUSIONS
• 1.3 STUDY SCOPE
  • 1.3.1 MARKETS COVERED
  • 1.3.2 YEARS CONSIDERED
• 1.4 CURRENCY CONSIDERED
• 1.5 UNITS CONSIDERED
• 1.6 LIMITATIONS
• 1.7 STAKEHOLDERS
• 1.8 SUMMARY OF CHANGES

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

• 2.1 RESEARCH APPROACH
  • 2.1.1 SECONDARY DATA
    • 2.1.1.1 List of major secondary sources
    • 2.1.1.2 Key data from secondary sources
  • 2.1.2 PRIMARY DATA
    • 2.1.2.1 List of key interview participants
    • 2.1.2.2 Breakdown of primary interviews
    • 2.1.2.3 Key data from primary sources
    • 2.1.2.4 Key industry insights
  • 2.1.3 SECONDARY AND PRIMARY RESEARCH
• 2.2 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION
  • 2.2.1 BOTTOM-UP APPROACH
    • 2.2.1.1 Approach to derive market size by bottom-up analysis (supply side)
  • 2.2.2 TOP-DOWN APPROACH
    • 2.2.2.1 Approach for capturing market share by top-down analysis (demand side)
• 2.3 DATA TRIANGULATION
• 2.4 RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS
• 2.5 RISK ASSESSMENT
• 2.6 RESEARCH LIMITATIONS

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

4 PREMIUM INSIGHTS

• 4.1 ATTRACTIVE OPPORTUNITIES FOR PLAYERS IN TIMING DEVICES MARKET
• 4.2 TIMING DEVICES MARKET, BY TYPE
• 4.3 TIMING DEVICES MARKET, BY MATERIAL
• 4.4 TIMING DEVICES MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC, BY VERTICAL AND COUNTRY
• 4.5 TIMING DEVICES MARKET, BY COUNTRY

5 MARKET OVERVIEW

• 5.1 INTRODUCTION
• 5.2 MARKET DYNAMICS
  • 5.2.1 DRIVERS
    • 5.2.1.1 Increasing adoption of advanced automotive electronics
    • 5.2.1.2 Surge in demand for healthcare and medical equipment
    • 5.2.1.3 Advancements in telecommunications industry
    • 5.2.1.4 Rising adoption of timing devices in smartphones and smart wearables
  • 5.2.2 RESTRAINTS
    • 5.2.2.1 High development costs of timing devices
  • 5.2.3 OPPORTUNITIES
    • 5.2.3.1 Growing need for high-precision timing and frequency stability due to network densification
    • 5.2.3.2 Rising demand for miniature electronic devices with improved performance and advanced features
    • 5.2.3.3 Increasing global demand for networking applications
  • 5.2.4 CHALLENGES
    • 5.2.4.1 Difficulties in designing timing devices for customized applications requiring small form factors
    • 5.2.4.2 Compatibility and integration issues associated with timing devices
• 5.3 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS
• 5.4 ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS
• 5.5 TRENDS/DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMER BUSINESS
• 5.6 TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS
  • 5.6.1 KEY TECHNOLOGIES
    • 5.6.1.1 Green crystal technology
    • 5.6.1.2 Bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonators and surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators
    • 5.6.1.3 Chip-scale atomic clock (CSAC)
  • 5.6.2 COMPLEMENTARY TECHNOLOGIES
    • 5.6.2.1 Phase-locked loops (PLLs)
  • 5.6.3 ADJACENT TECHNOLOGIES
    • 5.6.3.1 Quantum-secure timing systems
    • 5.6.3.2 Integration with IoT and Edge computing
• 5.7 INVESTMENT AND FUNDING SCENARIO
• 5.8 PORTER'S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS
  • 5.8.1 INTENSITY OF COMPETITIVE RIVALRY
  • 5.8.2 BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS
  • 5.8.3 BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS
  • 5.8.4 THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES
  • 5.8.5 THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS
• 5.9 KEY STAKEHOLDERS AND BUYING CRITERIA
  • 5.9.1 KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN BUYING PROCESS
  • 5.9.2 BUYING CRITERIA
• 5.10 CASE STUDY ANALYSIS
  • 5.10.1 TIMING DEVICES FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS APPLICATIONS
  • 5.10.2 TIMING DEVICES FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
  • 5.10.3 TIMING DEVICES FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS
  • 5.10.4 TIMING DEVICES FOR MILITARY APPLICATIONS
  • 5.10.5 TIMING DEVICES FOR TEST & MEASUREMENT APPLICATIONS
• 5.11 TRADE ANALYSIS
  • 5.11.1 IMPORT SCENARIO (HS CODE 854160)
  • 5.11.2 EXPORT SCENARIO (HS CODE 854160)
• 5.12 PATENT ANALYSIS
• 5.13 KEY CONFERENCES & EVENTS
• 5.14 REGULATORY LANDSCAPE
  • 5.14.1 REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS
  • 5.14.2 REGULATORY STANDARDS
    • 5.14.2.1 CEN/ISO
    • 5.14.2.2 ISO/IEC JTC 1
      • 5.14.2.2.1 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 3 1
      • 5.14.2.2.2 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 27
      • 5.14.2.2.3 IEC 62595-2-3
  • 5.14.3 GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS
• 5.15 PRICING ANALYSIS
  • 5.15.1 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE OF OSCILLATORS, BY TYPE
  • 5.15.2 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE TREND, BY REGION
• 5.16 IMPACT OF GEN AI/AI ON TIMING DEVICES MARKET
  • 5.16.1 INTRODUCTION
• 5.17 IMPACT OF AI ON VARIOUS END-USE INDUSTRIES OF TIMING DEVICES

6 TIMING DEVICES MARKET, BY TYPE

• 6.1 INTRODUCTION
• 6.2 OSCILLATORS
  • 6.2.1 MEMS OSCILLATORS
    • 6.2.1.1 Demand in consumer electronics and automotive applications to drive market
  • 6.2.2 CRYSTAL OSCILLATORS
    • 6.2.2.1 Simple packaged crystal oscillators
      • 6.2.2.1.1 Significant demand from automotive applications to contribute to market growth
    • 6.2.2.2 Temperature-compensated crystal oscillators
      • 6.2.2.2.1 Increasing adoption in mobile phones, wireless equipment, and satellite communication systems to fuel market growth
    • 6.2.2.3 Voltage-controlled crystal oscillators
      • 6.2.2.3.1 Rising deployment in wireless equipment, synthesizers, and FPGAs to contribute to market growth
    • 6.2.2.4 Frequency-controlled crystal oscillators
      • 6.2.2.4.1 Growing use in automotive and radar systems to drive market
    • 6.2.2.5 Oven-controlled crystal oscillators
      • 6.2.2.5.1 High demand from satellite and telecommunications applications to support market growth
    • 6.2.2.6 Others
  • 6.2.3 CERAMIC OSCILLATORS
    • 6.2.3.1 Offers small size and low-cost benefits
• 6.3 ATOMIC CLOCKS
  • 6.3.1 LARGE-SCALE DEPLOYMENT IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH TO PROPEL MARKET
• 6.4 RESONATORS
  • 6.4.1 INCREASING ADOPTION IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS & NETWORKING TO FUEL DEMAND
• 6.5 CLOCK GENERATORS
  • 6.5.1 RAPID ADOPTION IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS, DIGITAL SWITCHING SYSTEMS, AND MECHANICAL DEVICES TO DRIVE MARKET
• 6.6 CLOCK BUFFERS
  • 6.6.1 USE OF CLOCK BUFFERS IN HIGH-SPEED SERIAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS TO FUEL MARKET GROWTH
• 6.7 JITTER ATTENUATORS
  • 6.7.1 INCREASING DEMAND IN HIGH-SPEED APPLICATIONS TO SUPPORT MARKET GROWTH

7 TIMING DEVICES MARKET, BY MATERIAL

• 7.1 INTRODUCTION
• 7.2 CRYSTAL
  • 7.2.1 PIEZOELECTRIC PROPERTY OF CRYSTALS TO DRIVE DEMAND IN TIMING DEVICES
• 7.3 CERAMIC
  • 7.3.1 GOOD CHEMICAL AND THERMAL STABILITY OF CERAMIC TO BOOST ADOPTION IN TIMING DEVICES
• 7.4 SILICON
  • 7.4.1 READY AVAILABILITY AND AFFORDABILITY TO INCREASE DEMAND IN TIMING DEVICES

8 TIMING DEVICES MARKET, BY VERTICAL

• 8.1 INTRODUCTION
• 8.2 CONSUMER ELECTRONICS
  • 8.2.1 RISING INTEGRATION OF TIMING DEVICES INTO CONSUMER ELECTRONICS TO DRIVE MARKET
• 8.3 ENTERPRISE ELECTRONICS
  • 8.3.1 HIGHER ADOPTION OF TIMEKEEPING AND ATTENDANCE TRACKING SYSTEMS TO SUPPORT MARKET GROWTH
• 8.4 TELECOMMUNICATIONS & NETWORKING
  • 8.4.1 DEPLOYMENT OF 5G NETWORK TO DRIVE DEMAND FOR TIMING DEVICES
• 8.5 AUTOMOTIVE
  • 8.5.1 TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS IN AUTOMOTIVE SECTOR TO FUEL MARKET GROWTH
• 8.6 BFSI
  • 8.6.1 ACCURATE TIMEKEEPING REQUIREMENTS FROM BFSI VERTICAL TO PROPEL MARKET
• 8.7 MILITARY & AEROSPACE
  • 8.7.1 ONGOING DEVELOPMENT OF SOPHISTICATED MISSILES AND WEAPONS TO DRIVE MARKET
• 8.8 INDUSTRIAL
  • 8.8.1 ASIA PACIFIC TO BE LARGEST AND FASTEST-GROWING MARKET DURING FORECAST PERIOD
• 8.9 MEDICAL & HEALTHCARE
  • 8.9.1 ADVANCEMENTS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY TO SUPPORT ADOPTION OF TIMING DEVICES

9 TIMING DEVICES MARKET, BY REGION

• 9.1 INTRODUCTION
• 9.2 NORTH AMERICA
  • 9.2.1 MACROECONOMIC OUTLOOK
  • 9.2.2 US
    • 9.2.2.1 Ongoing automation in various industries to drive demand
  • 9.2.3 CANADA
    • 9.2.3.1 Surging investments in advanced technologies to contribute to market growth
  • 9.2.4 MEXICO
    • 9.2.4.1 Increasing manufacturing investments and political stability to drive market growth
• 9.3 EUROPE
  • 9.3.1 MACROECONOMIC OUTLOOK
  • 9.3.2 GERMANY
    • 9.3.2.1 Flourishing automotive industry to contribute to market growth
  • 9.3.3 UK
    • 9.3.3.1 Advancements in electronics and networking to drive demand for crystal oscillators
  • 9.3.4 FRANCE
    • 9.3.4.1 Surging demand for electric vehicles to fuel market growth
  • 9.3.5 ITALY
    • 9.3.5.1 Ongoing technological advancements in healthcare sector to foster market growth
  • 9.3.6 REST OF EUROPE
• 9.4 ASIA PACIFIC
  • 9.4.1 MACROECONOMIC OUTLOOK
  • 9.4.2 CHINA
    • 9.4.2.1 Rapid industrial development to fuel market growth
  • 9.4.3 JAPAN
    • 9.4.3.1 Rising adoption of precision automation and robotics to contribute to market growth
  • 9.4.4 SOUTH KOREA
    • 9.4.4.1 Growing demand from automotive and consumer electronics industries to propel market
  • 9.4.5 INDIA
    • 9.4.5.1 Government initiatives to support development of automotive industry to fuel demand
  • 9.4.6 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC
• 9.5 REST OF THE WORLD (ROW)
  • 9.5.1 MACROECONOMIC OUTLOOK
  • 9.5.2 GCC COUNTRIES
    • 9.5.2.1 Increasing investment in smart technologies and digital ecosystems to accelerate market growth
  • 9.5.3 REST OF MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA
    • 9.5.3.1 Growing consumer electronics industry to support market growth
  • 9.5.4 SOUTH AMERICA
    • 9.5.4.1 Growing investments in manufacturing sector to fuel demand

10 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

• 10.1 OVERVIEW
• 10.2 STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY MAJOR PLAYERS
• 10.3 REVENUE ANALYSIS
• 10.4 MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS
• 10.5 COMPANY VALUATION AND FINANCIAL METRICS
• 10.6 BRAND/PRODUCT COMPARISON
• 10.7 COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX: KEY PLAYERS, 2023
  • 10.7.1 STARS
  • 10.7.2 EMERGING LEADERS
  • 10.7.3 PERVASIVE PLAYERS
  • 10.7.4 PARTICIPANTS
• 10.8 COMPANY FOOTPRINT
  • 10.8.1 TYPE FOOTPRINT
  • 10.8.2 VERTICAL FOOTPRINT
  • 10.8.3 REGION FOOTPRINT
• 10.9 COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX: STARTUPS/SMES, 2023
  • 10.9.1 PROGRESSIVE COMPANIES
  • 10.9.2 RESPONSIVE COMPANIES
  • 10.9.3 DYNAMIC COMPANIES
  • 10.9.4 STARTING BLOCKS
• 10.10 COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING: STARTUPS/SMES, 2023
• 10.11 COMPETITIVE SCENARIO AND TRENDS
  • 10.11.1 PRODUCT LAUNCHES
  • 10.11.2 DEALS

11 COMPANY PROFILES

• 11.1 KEY PLAYERS
  • 11.1.1 SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION
    • 11.1.1.1 Business overview
    • 11.1.1.2 Products/Services/Solutions offered
    • 11.1.1.3 Recent developments
      • 11.1.1.3.1 Product launches/developments
    • 11.1.1.4 MnM view
      • 11.1.1.4.1 Key strengths
      • 11.1.1.4.2 Strategic choices
      • 11.1.1.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
  • 11.1.2 NIHON DEMPA KOGYO CO., LTD.
    • 11.1.2.1 Business overview
    • 11.1.2.2 Products/Services/Solutions offered
    • 11.1.2.3 Recent developments
      • 11.1.2.3.1 Product launches/developments
    • 11.1.2.4 MnM view
      • 11.1.2.4.1 Key strengths
      • 11.1.2.4.2 Strategic choices
      • 11.1.2.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
  • 11.1.3 TXC CORPORATION
    • 11.1.3.1 Business overview
    • 11.1.3.2 Products/Services/Solutions offered
    • 11.1.3.3 Recent developments
      • 11.1.3.3.1 Product launches/developments
    • 11.1.3.4 MnM view
      • 11.1.3.4.1 Key strengths
      • 11.1.3.4.2 Strategic choices
      • 11.1.3.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
  • 11.1.4 KYOCERA CORPORATION
    • 11.1.4.1 Business overview
    • 11.1.4.2 Products/Services/Solutions offered
      • 11.1.4.2.1 Expansions
    • 11.1.4.3 MnM view
      • 11.1.4.3.1 Key strengths
      • 11.1.4.3.2 Strategic choices
      • 11.1.4.3.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
  • 11.1.5 RAKON LIMITED
    • 11.1.5.1 Business overview
    • 11.1.5.2 Products/Services/Solutions offered
    • 11.1.5.3 Recent developments
      • 11.1.5.3.1 Product launches/developments
      • 11.1.5.3.2 Expansions
    • 11.1.5.4 MnM view
      • 11.1.5.4.1 Key strengths
      • 11.1.5.4.2 Strategic choices
      • 11.1.5.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
  • 11.1.6 RENESAS ELECTRONICS CORPORATION
    • 11.1.6.1 Business overview
    • 11.1.6.2 Products/Services/Solutions offered
    • 11.1.6.3 Recent developments
      • 11.1.6.3.1 Product launches/developments
  • 11.1.7 INFINEON TECHNOLOGIES AG
    • 11.1.7.1 Business overview
    • 11.1.7.2 Products/Services/Solutions offered
    • 11.1.7.3 Recent developments
      • 11.1.7.3.1 Deals
  • 11.1.8 MICROCHIP TECHNOLOGY INC.
    • 11.1.8.1 Business overview
    • 11.1.8.2 Products/Services/Solutions offered
    • 11.1.8.3 Recent developments
      • 11.1.8.3.1 Deals
      • 11.1.8.3.2 Other developments
  • 11.1.9 TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INCORPORATED
    • 11.1.9.1 Business overview
    • 11.1.9.2 Products/Services/Solutions offered
    • 11.1.9.3 Expansions
  • 11.1.10 ABRACON
    • 11.1.10.1 Business overview
    • 11.1.10.2 Products/Services/Solutions offered
    • 11.1.10.3 Recent developments
      • 11.1.10.3.1 Product launches/developments
      • 11.1.10.3.2 Deals
• 11.2 OTHER COMPANIES
  • 11.2.1 IQD FREQUENCY PRODUCTS LTD.
  • 11.2.2 VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY, INC.
  • 11.2.3 STMICROELECTRONICS
  • 11.2.4 SITIME CORP.
  • 11.2.5 MTRONPTI
  • 11.2.6 CTS CORPORATION
  • 11.2.7 DIODES INCORPORATED
  • 11.2.8 ON SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION
  • 11.2.9 CRYSTEK CORPORATION
  • 11.2.10 GREENRAY INDUSTRIES, INC.
  • 11.2.11 FREQUENCY ELECTRONICS, INC.
  • 11.2.12 OSCILLOQUARTZ
  • 11.2.13 ACCUBEAT LTD.
  • 11.2.14 CONNOR-WINFIELD CORPORATION
  • 11.2.15 MERCURY INC.

12 APPENDIX

• 12.1 DISCUSSION GUIDE
• 12.2 KNOWLEDGESTORE: MARKETSANDMARKETS' SUBSCRIPTION PORTAL
• 12.3 CUSTOMIZATION OPTIONS
• 12.4 RELATED REPORTS
• 12.5 AUTHOR DETAILS