시장보고서
상품코드
1858700

불소고무 : 세계 시장 점유율과 순위, 총판매량 및 수요 예측(2025-2031년)

Fluororubber - Global Market Share and Ranking, Overall Sales and Demand Forecast 2025-2031

발행일: | 리서치사: QYResearch | 페이지 정보: 영문 | 배송안내 : 2-3일 (영업일 기준)

    
    
    




■ 보고서에 따라 최신 정보로 업데이트하여 보내드립니다. 배송일정은 문의해 주시기 바랍니다.

세계의 불소고무 시장 규모는 2024년에 12억 4,500만 달러로 추정되며, 2025-2031년의 예측 기간에 CAGR 3.2%로 성장하며, 2031년까지 16억 6,800만 달러로 확대할 것으로 예측됩니다.

이 보고서는 불소고무의 국경 간 산업 발자국, 자본 배분 패턴, 지역 경제의 상호 의존성, 공급망 재구축에 대한 최근 관세 조정 및 국제적인 전략적 대응 조치에 대한 종합적인 평가를 제공합니다.

불소고무(FKM/FPM)는 불소화 폴리머로 제조되는 합성 고무(엘라스토머)입니다. 일반적으로 플루오로엘라스토머라고 불리며, 1950년대 듀폰사가 개발한 '바이톤(R)'이라는 상표명으로 가장 잘 알려져 있습니다.

2024년 세계 불소고무 판매량은 약 61.2천 톤에 달하고 세계 평균 시장 가격은 톤당 약 20.35천 달러에 달할 전망입니다. 불소고무 제품의 조이익률은 약 22%, 설비 생산능력은 약 300톤 정도였습니다.

자동차 분야는 불소고무의 가장 큰 소비 분야이며, 다음과 같은 여러 가지 추세가 수요를 가속화하고 있습니다.

연료 시스템과의 호환성: 불소고무는 가솔린, 디젤, 에탄올 혼합 연료, 바이오연료에 대한 내성이 우수하여 O-링, 실, 개스킷, 호스에 필수적인 요소입니다. 배출가스 규제 강화와 에탄올 혼합연료의 보급에 따라 기존 고무의 열화가 가속화되면서 FKM(불소고무)으로의 전환이 촉진되고 있습니다.

터보차저 장착 및 소형화 엔진: 고성능화, 소형화가 진행되고 고온에서 작동하는 엔진이 증가하는 추세에 따라 200-250℃에 견딜 수 있는 실링재에 대한 수요가 증가하고 있습니다. 이 분야에서는 불소고무가 특히 우수합니다.

전기자동차 및 하이브리드차: EV 및 HEV에서는 배터리 실, 열 관리 시스템, 냉각수 저항 부품에 FKM이 사용되어 기존 연료 시스템을 넘어 새로운 성장 기회를 제공합니다.

항공우주 용도에서는 안전과 신뢰성이 절대적인 조건입니다. 불소고무는 제트 연료, 유압유, 고고도 오존 노출에 대한 내성으로 인해 유압 시스템, 연료 처리, 개스킷, O-링에 널리 사용됩니다.

세계 항공기 생산 증가와 저연비 항공기에 대한 수요가 증가하면서 소비가 증가하고 있습니다.

우주 탐사 프로그램 및 민간 우주 기업의 부상도 고급 실링 솔루션이 필요하며 시장 수요를 더욱 증가시키고 있습니다.

이 보고서는 세계 불소고무 시장에 대해 총판매량, 매출, 매출액, 가격, 주요 기업의 시장 점유율 및 순위에 초점을 맞추고 지역별, 국가별, 유형별, 용도별 분석을 종합적으로 제시하는 것을 목적으로 합니다.

불소고무 시장 규모, 추정치 및 예측치는 판매량(킬로톤) 및 매출액(백만 달러)으로 제공되며, 2024년을 기준 연도, 2020-2031년의 과거 데이터와 예측 데이터를 포함하는 2024-2031년의 예측 데이터를 제공합니다. 정량적, 정성적 분석을 통해 독자들이 불소고무 관련 비즈니스/성장 전략 수립, 시장 경쟁 평가, 현재 시장내 자사 포지셔닝 분석, 정보에 입각한 비즈니스 의사결정을 내릴 수 있도록 지원합니다.

시장 세분화

기업별

  • Chemours
  • 3M
  • Solvay
  • Daikin
  • AGC
  • HaloPolymer
  • Zhonghao Chenguang
  • Shandong Dongyue Group
  • Shin-Etsu
  • Jiangsu Meilan Chemical
  • GFL
  • Unimatec Chemicals
  • Dowhon
  • Lianda Corporation

유형별 세분화

  • 불소계 엘라스토머
  • 플루오로실리콘 엘라스토머
  • 퍼플루오로카본 엘라스토머

용도별 세분화

  • 자동차 산업
  • 항공우주·군
  • 석유·화학
  • 기타

지역별

  • 북미
    • 미국
    • 캐나다
  • 아시아태평양
    • 중국
    • 일본
    • 한국
    • 동남아시아
    • 인도
    • 호주
    • 기타 아시아태평양
  • 유럽
    • 독일
    • 프랑스
    • 영국
    • 이탈리아
    • 네덜란드
    • 북유럽 국가
    • 기타 유럽
  • 라틴아메리카
    • 멕시코
    • 브라질
    • 기타 라틴아메리카
  • 중동 및 아프리카
    • 튀르키예
    • 사우디아라비아
    • 아랍에미리트
    • 기타 중동 및 아프리카
KSA 25.11.19

The global market for Fluororubber was estimated to be worth US$ 1245 million in 2024 and is forecast to a readjusted size of US$ 1668 million by 2031 with a CAGR of 3.2% during the forecast period 2025-2031.

This report provides a comprehensive assessment of recent tariff adjustments and international strategic countermeasures on Fluororubber cross-border industrial footprints, capital allocation patterns, regional economic interdependencies, and supply chain reconfigurations.

Fluororubber (FKM/FPM) is a synthetic rubber (elastomer) made from fluorinated polymers. It is commonly called fluoroelastomer and is best known under the trade name Viton(R) (developed by DuPont in the 1950s).

In 2024, global Fluororubber sales volume reached approximately 61.2 k tons, with an average global market price of around 20.35k US$ per ton. Fluororubber product gross margin was about 22%, while the equipment production capacity was about 300 tons.

The automotive sector is the largest consumer of fluororubber, and several trends are accelerating demand:

Fuel system compatibility: Fluororubber's superior resistance to gasoline, diesel, ethanol blends, and biofuels makes it indispensable for O-rings, seals, gaskets, and hoses. With stricter emission standards and the growing use of ethanol-blended fuels, conventional rubbers fail more quickly, reinforcing the shift to FKM.

Turbocharged and downsized engines: The trend toward high-performance, smaller engines operating at higher temperatures creates a need for sealing materials that withstand 200-250 °C, an area where fluororubber excels.

Electric and hybrid vehicles: EVs and HEVs use FKM in battery seals, thermal management systems, and coolant-resistant components, providing new growth opportunities beyond traditional fuel systems.

In aerospace applications, safety and reliability are non-negotiable. Fluororubber is widely used in hydraulic systems, fuel handling, gaskets, and O-rings due to its resistance to jet fuels, hydraulic fluids, and high-altitude ozone exposure.

Increasing global aircraft production and demand for fuel-efficient planes are driving consumption.

The rise of space exploration programs and private space companies also requires advanced sealing solutions, adding to market demand.

This report aims to provide a comprehensive presentation of the global market for Fluororubber, focusing on the total sales volume, sales revenue, price, key companies market share and ranking, together with an analysis of Fluororubber by region & country, by Type, and by Application.

The Fluororubber market size, estimations, and forecasts are provided in terms of sales volume (Kilotons) and sales revenue ($ millions), considering 2024 as the base year, with history and forecast data for the period from 2020 to 2031. With both quantitative and qualitative analysis, to help readers develop business/growth strategies, assess the market competitive situation, analyze their position in the current marketplace, and make informed business decisions regarding Fluororubber.

Market Segmentation

By Company

  • Chemours
  • 3M
  • Solvay
  • Daikin
  • AGC
  • HaloPolymer
  • Zhonghao Chenguang
  • Shandong Dongyue Group
  • Shin-Etsu
  • Jiangsu Meilan Chemical
  • GFL
  • Unimatec Chemicals
  • Dowhon
  • Lianda Corporation

Segment by Type

  • Fluorocarbon Elastomers
  • Fluorosilicone Elastomers
  • Perfluorocarbon Elastomers

Segment by Application

  • Automobile Industry
  • Aerospace & Military
  • Petroleum & Chemical
  • Others

By Region

  • North America
    • United States
    • Canada
  • Asia-Pacific
    • China
    • Japan
    • South Korea
    • Southeast Asia
    • India
    • Australia
    • Rest of Asia-Pacific
  • Europe
    • Germany
    • France
    • U.K.
    • Italy
    • Netherlands
    • Nordic Countries
    • Rest of Europe
  • Latin America
    • Mexico
    • Brazil
    • Rest of Latin America
  • Middle East & Africa
    • Turkey
    • Saudi Arabia
    • UAE
    • Rest of MEA

Chapter Outline

Chapter 1: Introduces the report scope of the report, global total market size (value, volume and price). This chapter also provides the market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.

Chapter 2: Detailed analysis of Fluororubber manufacturers competitive landscape, price, sales and revenue market share, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.

Chapter 3: Provides the analysis of various market segments by Type, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.

Chapter 4: Provides the analysis of various market segments by Application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.

Chapter 5: Sales, revenue of Fluororubber in regional level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space, and market size of each country in the world.

Chapter 6: Sales, revenue of Fluororubber in country level. It provides sigmate data by Type, and by Application for each country/region.

Chapter 7: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales, revenue, price, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.

Chapter 8: Analysis of industrial chain, including the upstream and downstream of the industry.

Chapter 9: Conclusion.

Table of Contents

1 Market Overview

  • 1.1 Fluororubber Product Introduction
  • 1.2 Global Fluororubber Market Size Forecast
    • 1.2.1 Global Fluororubber Sales Value (2020-2031)
    • 1.2.2 Global Fluororubber Sales Volume (2020-2031)
    • 1.2.3 Global Fluororubber Sales Price (2020-2031)
  • 1.3 Fluororubber Market Trends & Drivers
    • 1.3.1 Fluororubber Industry Trends
    • 1.3.2 Fluororubber Market Drivers & Opportunity
    • 1.3.3 Fluororubber Market Challenges
    • 1.3.4 Fluororubber Market Restraints
  • 1.4 Assumptions and Limitations
  • 1.5 Study Objectives
  • 1.6 Years Considered

2 Competitive Analysis by Company

  • 2.1 Global Fluororubber Players Revenue Ranking (2024)
  • 2.2 Global Fluororubber Revenue by Company (2020-2025)
  • 2.3 Global Fluororubber Players Sales Volume Ranking (2024)
  • 2.4 Global Fluororubber Sales Volume by Company Players (2020-2025)
  • 2.5 Global Fluororubber Average Price by Company (2020-2025)
  • 2.6 Key Manufacturers Fluororubber Manufacturing Base and Headquarters
  • 2.7 Key Manufacturers Fluororubber Product Offered
  • 2.8 Key Manufacturers Time to Begin Mass Production of Fluororubber
  • 2.9 Fluororubber Market Competitive Analysis
    • 2.9.1 Fluororubber Market Concentration Rate (2020-2025)
    • 2.9.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Manufacturers by Fluororubber Revenue in 2024
    • 2.9.3 Global Top Manufacturers by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Fluororubber as of 2024)
  • 2.10 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

3 Segmentation by Type

  • 3.1 Introduction by Type
    • 3.1.1 Fluorocarbon Elastomers
    • 3.1.2 Fluorosilicone Elastomers
    • 3.1.3 Perfluorocarbon Elastomers
  • 3.2 Global Fluororubber Sales Value by Type
    • 3.2.1 Global Fluororubber Sales Value by Type (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
    • 3.2.2 Global Fluororubber Sales Value, by Type (2020-2031)
    • 3.2.3 Global Fluororubber Sales Value, by Type (%) (2020-2031)
  • 3.3 Global Fluororubber Sales Volume by Type
    • 3.3.1 Global Fluororubber Sales Volume by Type (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
    • 3.3.2 Global Fluororubber Sales Volume, by Type (2020-2031)
    • 3.3.3 Global Fluororubber Sales Volume, by Type (%) (2020-2031)
  • 3.4 Global Fluororubber Average Price by Type (2020-2031)

4 Segmentation by Application

  • 4.1 Introduction by Application
    • 4.1.1 Automobile Industry
    • 4.1.2 Aerospace & Military
    • 4.1.3 Petroleum & Chemical
    • 4.1.4 Others
  • 4.2 Global Fluororubber Sales Value by Application
    • 4.2.1 Global Fluororubber Sales Value by Application (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
    • 4.2.2 Global Fluororubber Sales Value, by Application (2020-2031)
    • 4.2.3 Global Fluororubber Sales Value, by Application (%) (2020-2031)
  • 4.3 Global Fluororubber Sales Volume by Application
    • 4.3.1 Global Fluororubber Sales Volume by Application (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
    • 4.3.2 Global Fluororubber Sales Volume, by Application (2020-2031)
    • 4.3.3 Global Fluororubber Sales Volume, by Application (%) (2020-2031)
  • 4.4 Global Fluororubber Average Price by Application (2020-2031)

5 Segmentation by Region

  • 5.1 Global Fluororubber Sales Value by Region
    • 5.1.1 Global Fluororubber Sales Value by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
    • 5.1.2 Global Fluororubber Sales Value by Region (2020-2025)
    • 5.1.3 Global Fluororubber Sales Value by Region (2026-2031)
    • 5.1.4 Global Fluororubber Sales Value by Region (%), (2020-2031)
  • 5.2 Global Fluororubber Sales Volume by Region
    • 5.2.1 Global Fluororubber Sales Volume by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
    • 5.2.2 Global Fluororubber Sales Volume by Region (2020-2025)
    • 5.2.3 Global Fluororubber Sales Volume by Region (2026-2031)
    • 5.2.4 Global Fluororubber Sales Volume by Region (%), (2020-2031)
  • 5.3 Global Fluororubber Average Price by Region (2020-2031)
  • 5.4 North America
    • 5.4.1 North America Fluororubber Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 5.4.2 North America Fluororubber Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 5.5 Europe
    • 5.5.1 Europe Fluororubber Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 5.5.2 Europe Fluororubber Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 5.6 Asia Pacific
    • 5.6.1 Asia Pacific Fluororubber Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 5.6.2 Asia Pacific Fluororubber Sales Value by Region (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 5.7 South America
    • 5.7.1 South America Fluororubber Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 5.7.2 South America Fluororubber Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 5.8 Middle East & Africa
    • 5.8.1 Middle East & Africa Fluororubber Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 5.8.2 Middle East & Africa Fluororubber Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031

6 Segmentation by Key Countries/Regions

  • 6.1 Key Countries/Regions Fluororubber Sales Value Growth Trends, 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.2 Key Countries/Regions Fluororubber Sales Value and Sales Volume
    • 6.2.1 Key Countries/Regions Fluororubber Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.2.2 Key Countries/Regions Fluororubber Sales Volume, 2020-2031
  • 6.3 United States
    • 6.3.1 United States Fluororubber Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.3.2 United States Fluororubber Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.3.3 United States Fluororubber Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.4 Europe
    • 6.4.1 Europe Fluororubber Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.4.2 Europe Fluororubber Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.4.3 Europe Fluororubber Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.5 China
    • 6.5.1 China Fluororubber Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.5.2 China Fluororubber Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.5.3 China Fluororubber Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.6 Japan
    • 6.6.1 Japan Fluororubber Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.6.2 Japan Fluororubber Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.6.3 Japan Fluororubber Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.7 South Korea
    • 6.7.1 South Korea Fluororubber Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.7.2 South Korea Fluororubber Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.7.3 South Korea Fluororubber Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.8 Southeast Asia
    • 6.8.1 Southeast Asia Fluororubber Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.8.2 Southeast Asia Fluororubber Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.8.3 Southeast Asia Fluororubber Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.9 India
    • 6.9.1 India Fluororubber Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.9.2 India Fluororubber Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.9.3 India Fluororubber Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031

7 Company Profiles

  • 7.1 Chemours
    • 7.1.1 Chemours Company Information
    • 7.1.2 Chemours Introduction and Business Overview
    • 7.1.3 Chemours Fluororubber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
    • 7.1.4 Chemours Fluororubber Product Offerings
    • 7.1.5 Chemours Recent Development
  • 7.2 3M
    • 7.2.1 3M Company Information
    • 7.2.2 3M Introduction and Business Overview
    • 7.2.3 3M Fluororubber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
    • 7.2.4 3M Fluororubber Product Offerings
    • 7.2.5 3M Recent Development
  • 7.3 Solvay
    • 7.3.1 Solvay Company Information
    • 7.3.2 Solvay Introduction and Business Overview
    • 7.3.3 Solvay Fluororubber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
    • 7.3.4 Solvay Fluororubber Product Offerings
    • 7.3.5 Solvay Recent Development
  • 7.4 Daikin
    • 7.4.1 Daikin Company Information
    • 7.4.2 Daikin Introduction and Business Overview
    • 7.4.3 Daikin Fluororubber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
    • 7.4.4 Daikin Fluororubber Product Offerings
    • 7.4.5 Daikin Recent Development
  • 7.5 AGC
    • 7.5.1 AGC Company Information
    • 7.5.2 AGC Introduction and Business Overview
    • 7.5.3 AGC Fluororubber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
    • 7.5.4 AGC Fluororubber Product Offerings
    • 7.5.5 AGC Recent Development
  • 7.6 HaloPolymer
    • 7.6.1 HaloPolymer Company Information
    • 7.6.2 HaloPolymer Introduction and Business Overview
    • 7.6.3 HaloPolymer Fluororubber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
    • 7.6.4 HaloPolymer Fluororubber Product Offerings
    • 7.6.5 HaloPolymer Recent Development
  • 7.7 Zhonghao Chenguang
    • 7.7.1 Zhonghao Chenguang Company Information
    • 7.7.2 Zhonghao Chenguang Introduction and Business Overview
    • 7.7.3 Zhonghao Chenguang Fluororubber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
    • 7.7.4 Zhonghao Chenguang Fluororubber Product Offerings
    • 7.7.5 Zhonghao Chenguang Recent Development
  • 7.8 Shandong Dongyue Group
    • 7.8.1 Shandong Dongyue Group Company Information
    • 7.8.2 Shandong Dongyue Group Introduction and Business Overview
    • 7.8.3 Shandong Dongyue Group Fluororubber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
    • 7.8.4 Shandong Dongyue Group Fluororubber Product Offerings
    • 7.8.5 Shandong Dongyue Group Recent Development
  • 7.9 Shin-Etsu
    • 7.9.1 Shin-Etsu Company Information
    • 7.9.2 Shin-Etsu Introduction and Business Overview
    • 7.9.3 Shin-Etsu Fluororubber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
    • 7.9.4 Shin-Etsu Fluororubber Product Offerings
    • 7.9.5 Shin-Etsu Recent Development
  • 7.10 Jiangsu Meilan Chemical
    • 7.10.1 Jiangsu Meilan Chemical Company Information
    • 7.10.2 Jiangsu Meilan Chemical Introduction and Business Overview
    • 7.10.3 Jiangsu Meilan Chemical Fluororubber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
    • 7.10.4 Jiangsu Meilan Chemical Fluororubber Product Offerings
    • 7.10.5 Jiangsu Meilan Chemical Recent Development
  • 7.11 GFL
    • 7.11.1 GFL Company Information
    • 7.11.2 GFL Introduction and Business Overview
    • 7.11.3 GFL Fluororubber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
    • 7.11.4 GFL Fluororubber Product Offerings
    • 7.11.5 GFL Recent Development
  • 7.12 Unimatec Chemicals
    • 7.12.1 Unimatec Chemicals Company Information
    • 7.12.2 Unimatec Chemicals Introduction and Business Overview
    • 7.12.3 Unimatec Chemicals Fluororubber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
    • 7.12.4 Unimatec Chemicals Fluororubber Product Offerings
    • 7.12.5 Unimatec Chemicals Recent Development
  • 7.13 Dowhon
    • 7.13.1 Dowhon Company Information
    • 7.13.2 Dowhon Introduction and Business Overview
    • 7.13.3 Dowhon Fluororubber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
    • 7.13.4 Dowhon Fluororubber Product Offerings
    • 7.13.5 Dowhon Recent Development
  • 7.14 Lianda Corporation
    • 7.14.1 Lianda Corporation Company Information
    • 7.14.2 Lianda Corporation Introduction and Business Overview
    • 7.14.3 Lianda Corporation Fluororubber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
    • 7.14.4 Lianda Corporation Fluororubber Product Offerings
    • 7.14.5 Lianda Corporation Recent Development

8 Industry Chain Analysis

  • 8.1 Fluororubber Industrial Chain
  • 8.2 Fluororubber Upstream Analysis
    • 8.2.1 Key Raw Materials
    • 8.2.2 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
    • 8.2.3 Manufacturing Cost Structure
  • 8.3 Midstream Analysis
  • 8.4 Downstream Analysis (Customers Analysis)
  • 8.5 Sales Model and Sales Channels
    • 8.5.1 Fluororubber Sales Model
    • 8.5.2 Sales Channel
    • 8.5.3 Fluororubber Distributors

9 Research Findings and Conclusion

10 Appendix

  • 10.1 Research Methodology
    • 10.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
      • 10.1.1.1 Research Programs/Design
      • 10.1.1.2 Market Size Estimation
      • 10.1.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
    • 10.1.2 Data Source
      • 10.1.2.1 Secondary Sources
      • 10.1.2.2 Primary Sources
  • 10.2 Author Details
  • 10.3 Disclaimer
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