세계의 EPDM/PP 블렌드 TPV 엘라스토머 - 시장 점유율과 순위, 전체 판매량 및 수요 예측(2025-2031년)

The global market for EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer was estimated to be worth US$ 1493 million in 2024 and is forecast to a readjusted size of US$ 2050 million by 2031 with a CAGR of 4.8% during the forecast period 2025-2031.

This report provides a comprehensive assessment of recent tariff adjustments and international strategic countermeasures on EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer cross-border industrial footprints, capital allocation patterns, regional economic interdependencies, and supply chain reconfigurations.

TPV (thermoplastic vulcanizate) is a type of thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) that combines the properties of vulcanized rubber and thermoplastics. It is typically produced by dynamically vulcanizing a rubber phase (such as EPDM or nitrile rubber) in a thermoplastic matrix (such as polypropylene). This process creates a material with excellent elasticity, resilience and weatherability, similar to vulcanized rubber, but with the processing advantages of thermoplastics, such as ease of molding and recyclability. TPVs are used in a variety of applications, including automotive seals, weather stripping and industrial parts.

This report focuses only on EPDM/PP blended TPV products.

In 2024, global EPDM/PP blend TPV Elastomer production reached approximately 368.5 thousand tons, with an average global market price of around US$ 4,177 per ton.

The industry's gross profit margin is around 20%.

From the perspective of product market application, the share of automobile sales is about 68%, and the annual compound growth rate (CAGR) in the next few years is about 5.8%. According to the interviews and surveys of the research team, the sales volume of large companies in the automobile industry is mostly distributed in the range of 60%-65%; while for companies with smaller sales, the proportion of automobiles is in the range of 75%-80%. Therefore, overall, the proportion of automobiles in the EPDM/PP blended TPV elastomer market is currently fluctuating at about 70%.

In the non-automotive application field, construction and home appliances are two important sectors. The sales volume shares in the construction and home appliance fields are 9% and 6% respectively. In addition, the application of electronic and electrical, industrial products and consumer products is also relatively common.

The application market in the medical field is very small, and the medical-grade TPV elastomer has high requirements for the production environment, so at present, local Chinese manufacturers have not yet mass-produced it.

This report aims to provide a comprehensive presentation of the global market for EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer, focusing on the total sales volume, sales revenue, price, key companies market share and ranking, together with an analysis of EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer by region & country, by PP Content, and by Application.

The EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer market size, estimations, and forecasts are provided in terms of sales volume (Kilotons) and sales revenue ($ millions), considering 2024 as the base year, with history and forecast data for the period from 2020 to 2031. With both quantitative and qualitative analysis, to help readers develop business/growth strategies, assess the market competitive situation, analyze their position in the current marketplace, and make informed business decisions regarding EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer.

Market Segmentation

By Company

• Celanese
• Teknor Apex
• Mitsui Chemicals
• Dawn
• Elastron
• Kumho Petrochemical
• Top Polymer
• Mitsubishi Chemical
• Wanma-Tech
• Nantex Industry
• JLOPTA
• Zhangjiagang Meite
• Baoruilong
• Ravago
• Zhonghan Tech
• Kingfa
• LCY Group

Segment by PP Content

• Extrusion Grade
• Injection Molding Grade
• Other Grade

Segment by Application

• Automobile
• Construction
• Home Appliances
• Electronic and Electrical
• Industrial Products
• Consumer Products
• Sanitary Products
• Others

By Region

• North America
  • United States
  • Canada
• Asia-Pacific
  • China
  • Japan
  • South Korea
  • Southeast Asia
  • India
  • Australia
  • Rest of Asia-Pacific
• Europe
  • Germany
  • France
  • U.K.
  • Italy
  • Netherlands
  • Nordic Countries
  • Rest of Europe
• Latin America
  • Mexico
  • Brazil
  • Rest of Latin America
• Middle East & Africa
  • Turkey
  • Saudi Arabia
  • UAE
  • Rest of MEA

Chapter Outline

Chapter 1: Introduces the report scope of the report, global total market size (value, volume and price). This chapter also provides the market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.

Chapter 2: Detailed analysis of EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer manufacturers competitive landscape, price, sales and revenue market share, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.

Chapter 3: Provides the analysis of various market segments by PP Content, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.

Chapter 4: Provides the analysis of various market segments by Application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.

Chapter 5: Sales, revenue of EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer in regional level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space, and market size of each country in the world.

Chapter 6: Sales, revenue of EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer in country level. It provides sigmate data by PP Content, and by Application for each country/region.

Chapter 7: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales, revenue, price, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.

Chapter 8: Analysis of industrial chain, including the upstream and downstream of the industry.

Chapter 9: Conclusion.

Table of Contents

1 Market Overview

• 1.1 EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Product Introduction
• 1.2 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Market Size Forecast
  • 1.2.1 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value (2020-2031)
  • 1.2.2 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Volume (2020-2031)
  • 1.2.3 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Price (2020-2031)
• 1.3 EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Market Trends & Drivers
  • 1.3.1 EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Industry Trends
  • 1.3.2 EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Market Drivers & Opportunity
  • 1.3.3 EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Market Challenges
  • 1.3.4 EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Market Restraints
• 1.4 Assumptions and Limitations
• 1.5 Study Objectives
• 1.6 Years Considered

2 Competitive Analysis by Company

• 2.1 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Players Revenue Ranking (2024)
• 2.2 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Revenue by Company (2020-2025)
• 2.3 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Players Sales Volume Ranking (2024)
• 2.4 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Volume by Company Players (2020-2025)
• 2.5 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Average Price by Company (2020-2025)
• 2.6 Key Manufacturers EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Manufacturing Base and Headquarters
• 2.7 Key Manufacturers EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Product Offered
• 2.8 Key Manufacturers Time to Begin Mass Production of EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer
• 2.9 EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Market Competitive Analysis
  • 2.9.1 EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Market Concentration Rate (2020-2025)
  • 2.9.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Manufacturers by EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Revenue in 2024
  • 2.9.3 Global Top Manufacturers by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer as of 2024)
• 2.10 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

3 Segmentation by PP Content

• 3.1 Introduction by PP Content
  • 3.1.1 Extrusion Grade
  • 3.1.2 Injection Molding Grade
  • 3.1.3 Other Grade
• 3.2 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by PP Content
  • 3.2.1 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by PP Content (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
  • 3.2.2 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value, by PP Content (2020-2031)
  • 3.2.3 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value, by PP Content (%) (2020-2031)
• 3.3 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Volume by PP Content
  • 3.3.1 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Volume by PP Content (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
  • 3.3.2 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Volume, by PP Content (2020-2031)
  • 3.3.3 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Volume, by PP Content (%) (2020-2031)
• 3.4 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Average Price by PP Content (2020-2031)

4 Segmentation by Application

• 4.1 Introduction by Application
  • 4.1.1 Automobile
  • 4.1.2 Construction
  • 4.1.3 Home Appliances
  • 4.1.4 Electronic and Electrical
  • 4.1.5 Industrial Products
  • 4.1.6 Consumer Products
  • 4.1.7 Sanitary Products
  • 4.1.8 Others
• 4.2 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by Application
  • 4.2.1 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by Application (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
  • 4.2.2 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value, by Application (2020-2031)
  • 4.2.3 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value, by Application (%) (2020-2031)
• 4.3 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Volume by Application
  • 4.3.1 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Volume by Application (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
  • 4.3.2 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Volume, by Application (2020-2031)
  • 4.3.3 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Volume, by Application (%) (2020-2031)
• 4.4 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Average Price by Application (2020-2031)

5 Segmentation by Region

• 5.1 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by Region
  • 5.1.1 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
  • 5.1.2 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by Region (2020-2025)
  • 5.1.3 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by Region (2026-2031)
  • 5.1.4 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by Region (%), (2020-2031)
• 5.2 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Volume by Region
  • 5.2.1 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Volume by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
  • 5.2.2 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Volume by Region (2020-2025)
  • 5.2.3 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Volume by Region (2026-2031)
  • 5.2.4 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Volume by Region (%), (2020-2031)
• 5.3 Global EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Average Price by Region (2020-2031)
• 5.4 North America
  • 5.4.1 North America EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value, 2020-2031
  • 5.4.2 North America EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031
• 5.5 Europe
  • 5.5.1 Europe EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value, 2020-2031
  • 5.5.2 Europe EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031
• 5.6 Asia Pacific
  • 5.6.1 Asia Pacific EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value, 2020-2031
  • 5.6.2 Asia Pacific EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by Region (%), 2024 VS 2031
• 5.7 South America
  • 5.7.1 South America EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value, 2020-2031
  • 5.7.2 South America EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031
• 5.8 Middle East & Africa
  • 5.8.1 Middle East & Africa EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value, 2020-2031
  • 5.8.2 Middle East & Africa EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031

6 Segmentation by Key Countries/Regions

• 6.1 Key Countries/Regions EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value Growth Trends, 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
• 6.2 Key Countries/Regions EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value and Sales Volume
  • 6.2.1 Key Countries/Regions EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value, 2020-2031
  • 6.2.2 Key Countries/Regions EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Volume, 2020-2031
• 6.3 United States
  • 6.3.1 United States EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value, 2020-2031
  • 6.3.2 United States EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by PP Content (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.3.3 United States EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
• 6.4 Europe
  • 6.4.1 Europe EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value, 2020-2031
  • 6.4.2 Europe EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by PP Content (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.4.3 Europe EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
• 6.5 China
  • 6.5.1 China EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value, 2020-2031
  • 6.5.2 China EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by PP Content (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.5.3 China EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
• 6.6 Japan
  • 6.6.1 Japan EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value, 2020-2031
  • 6.6.2 Japan EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by PP Content (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.6.3 Japan EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
• 6.7 South Korea
  • 6.7.1 South Korea EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value, 2020-2031
  • 6.7.2 South Korea EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by PP Content (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.7.3 South Korea EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
• 6.8 Southeast Asia
  • 6.8.1 Southeast Asia EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value, 2020-2031
  • 6.8.2 Southeast Asia EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by PP Content (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.8.3 Southeast Asia EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
• 6.9 India
  • 6.9.1 India EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value, 2020-2031
  • 6.9.2 India EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by PP Content (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.9.3 India EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031

7 Company Profiles

• 7.1 Celanese
  • 7.1.1 Celanese Company Information
  • 7.1.2 Celanese Introduction and Business Overview
  • 7.1.3 Celanese EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
  • 7.1.4 Celanese EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Product Offerings
  • 7.1.5 Celanese Recent Development
• 7.2 Teknor Apex
  • 7.2.1 Teknor Apex Company Information
  • 7.2.2 Teknor Apex Introduction and Business Overview
  • 7.2.3 Teknor Apex EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
  • 7.2.4 Teknor Apex EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Product Offerings
  • 7.2.5 Teknor Apex Recent Development
• 7.3 Mitsui Chemicals
  • 7.3.1 Mitsui Chemicals Company Information
  • 7.3.2 Mitsui Chemicals Introduction and Business Overview
  • 7.3.3 Mitsui Chemicals EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
  • 7.3.4 Mitsui Chemicals EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Product Offerings
  • 7.3.5 Mitsui Chemicals Recent Development
• 7.4 Dawn
  • 7.4.1 Dawn Company Information
  • 7.4.2 Dawn Introduction and Business Overview
  • 7.4.3 Dawn EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
  • 7.4.4 Dawn EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Product Offerings
  • 7.4.5 Dawn Recent Development
• 7.5 Elastron
  • 7.5.1 Elastron Company Information
  • 7.5.2 Elastron Introduction and Business Overview
  • 7.5.3 Elastron EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
  • 7.5.4 Elastron EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Product Offerings
  • 7.5.5 Elastron Recent Development
• 7.6 Kumho Petrochemical
  • 7.6.1 Kumho Petrochemical Company Information
  • 7.6.2 Kumho Petrochemical Introduction and Business Overview
  • 7.6.3 Kumho Petrochemical EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
  • 7.6.4 Kumho Petrochemical EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Product Offerings
  • 7.6.5 Kumho Petrochemical Recent Development
• 7.7 Top Polymer
  • 7.7.1 Top Polymer Company Information
  • 7.7.2 Top Polymer Introduction and Business Overview
  • 7.7.3 Top Polymer EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
  • 7.7.4 Top Polymer EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Product Offerings
  • 7.7.5 Top Polymer Recent Development
• 7.8 Mitsubishi Chemical
  • 7.8.1 Mitsubishi Chemical Company Information
  • 7.8.2 Mitsubishi Chemical Introduction and Business Overview
  • 7.8.3 Mitsubishi Chemical EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
  • 7.8.4 Mitsubishi Chemical EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Product Offerings
  • 7.8.5 Mitsubishi Chemical Recent Development
• 7.9 Wanma-Tech
  • 7.9.1 Wanma-Tech Company Information
  • 7.9.2 Wanma-Tech Introduction and Business Overview
  • 7.9.3 Wanma-Tech EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
  • 7.9.4 Wanma-Tech EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Product Offerings
  • 7.9.5 Wanma-Tech Recent Development
• 7.10 Nantex Industry
  • 7.10.1 Nantex Industry Company Information
  • 7.10.2 Nantex Industry Introduction and Business Overview
  • 7.10.3 Nantex Industry EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
  • 7.10.4 Nantex Industry EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Product Offerings
  • 7.10.5 Nantex Industry Recent Development
• 7.11 JLOPTA
  • 7.11.1 JLOPTA Company Information
  • 7.11.2 JLOPTA Introduction and Business Overview
  • 7.11.3 JLOPTA EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
  • 7.11.4 JLOPTA EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Product Offerings
  • 7.11.5 JLOPTA Recent Development
• 7.12 Zhangjiagang Meite
  • 7.12.1 Zhangjiagang Meite Company Information
  • 7.12.2 Zhangjiagang Meite Introduction and Business Overview
  • 7.12.3 Zhangjiagang Meite EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
  • 7.12.4 Zhangjiagang Meite EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Product Offerings
  • 7.12.5 Zhangjiagang Meite Recent Development
• 7.13 Baoruilong
  • 7.13.1 Baoruilong Company Information
  • 7.13.2 Baoruilong Introduction and Business Overview
  • 7.13.3 Baoruilong EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
  • 7.13.4 Baoruilong EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Product Offerings
  • 7.13.5 Baoruilong Recent Development
• 7.14 Ravago
  • 7.14.1 Ravago Company Information
  • 7.14.2 Ravago Introduction and Business Overview
  • 7.14.3 Ravago EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
  • 7.14.4 Ravago EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Product Offerings
  • 7.14.5 Ravago Recent Development
• 7.15 Zhonghan Tech
  • 7.15.1 Zhonghan Tech Company Information
  • 7.15.2 Zhonghan Tech Introduction and Business Overview
  • 7.15.3 Zhonghan Tech EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
  • 7.15.4 Zhonghan Tech EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Product Offerings
  • 7.15.5 Zhonghan Tech Recent Development
• 7.16 Kingfa
  • 7.16.1 Kingfa Company Information
  • 7.16.2 Kingfa Introduction and Business Overview
  • 7.16.3 Kingfa EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
  • 7.16.4 Kingfa EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Product Offerings
  • 7.16.5 Kingfa Recent Development
• 7.17 LCY Group
  • 7.17.1 LCY Group Company Information
  • 7.17.2 LCY Group Introduction and Business Overview
  • 7.17.3 LCY Group EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
  • 7.17.4 LCY Group EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Product Offerings
  • 7.17.5 LCY Group Recent Development

8 Industry Chain Analysis

• 8.1 EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Industrial Chain
• 8.2 EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Upstream Analysis
  • 8.2.1 Key Raw Materials
  • 8.2.2 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
  • 8.2.3 Manufacturing Cost Structure
• 8.3 Midstream Analysis
• 8.4 Downstream Analysis (Customers Analysis)
• 8.5 Sales Model and Sales Channels
  • 8.5.1 EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Sales Model
  • 8.5.2 Sales Channel
  • 8.5.3 EPDM/PP Blend TPV Elastomer Distributors

9 Research Findings and Conclusion

10 Appendix

• 10.1 Research Methodology
  • 10.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
    • 10.1.1.1 Research Programs/Design
    • 10.1.1.2 Market Size Estimation
    • 10.1.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
  • 10.1.2 Data Source
    • 10.1.2.1 Secondary Sources
    • 10.1.2.2 Primary Sources
• 10.2 Author Details
• 10.3 Disclaimer