시장보고서
상품코드
1862126

세계의 바이오가스 고질화 : 시장 점유율과 순위, 전체 판매량 및 수요 예측(2025-2031년)

Biogas Upgrading - Global Market Share and Ranking, Overall Sales and Demand Forecast 2025-2031

발행일: | 리서치사: QYResearch | 페이지 정보: 영문 | 배송안내 : 2-3일 (영업일 기준)

    
    
    




■ 보고서에 따라 최신 정보로 업데이트하여 보내드립니다. 배송일정은 문의해 주시기 바랍니다.

바이오가스 고질화 세계 시장 규모는 2024년에 8억 800만 달러로 추정되며, 2025-2031년의 예측 기간에 CAGR 15.0%로 성장하여 2031년까지 21억 200만 달러로 확대될 것으로 예측됩니다.

바이오가스 고질화 장치는 이산화탄소(CO2), 황화수소(H2S), 수분, 기타 미량 오염물질 등의 불순물을 제거하여 미정제 바이오가스를 정제하기 위해 설계된 시스템입니다. 정제의 목적은 가스 내 메탄 농도를 높여 천연가스 기준을 충족시켜 가스망에 주입하거나 자동차 연료로 사용하기에 적합하게 만드는 것입니다. 이 공정은 일반적으로 물 세척, 압력 스윙 흡착(PSA), 화학적 흡수(아민, 셀렉솔 등), 막분리 등의 기술을 사용합니다.

깨끗하고 재생 가능한 에너지원에 대한 수요가 증가함에 따라 바이오가스 업그레이더 세계 시장이 성장하고 있습니다. 각국이 온실가스 감축과 저탄소 경제로의 전환에 주력하는 가운데, 바이오가스는 특히 바이오메탄으로 업그레이드될 경우 귀중한 자원이 될 수 있습니다. 바이오가스 고질화 설비는 유기성 폐기물, 하수, 농업 잔재물, 음식물 쓰레기를 고품질의 가스망 대응 연료로 전환하는 데 핵심적인 역할을 합니다. 특히 유럽, 북미, 아시아 일부 지역에서는 정부의 우대 정책, 탄소 감축 인센티브, 재생에너지 목표가 시장을 뒷받침하고 있습니다. 기술 혁신을 통해 업그레이더 시스템의 효율성과 확장성도 향상되어 소규모 농장부터 대규모 지자체 시설까지 폭넓게 대응할 수 있게 되었습니다. 신형 정제장치의 모듈성과 유연성을 통해 다양한 환경에 맞게 도입할 수 있습니다. 또한, 바이오가스 고질화 시스템과 탄소 포집 기술의 통합은 순환형 바이오경제의 새로운 기회를 개척하고 있습니다. 그러나 이 시장은 여전히 자본 집약적이며, 프로젝트의 성공 여부는 장기 가스 구매 계약, 보조금 지원, 신뢰할 수 있는 폐기물 원료 확보에 크게 좌우됩니다. 세계 에너지 정세가 변화하는 가운데 바이오가스 업그레이더는 분산형 에너지 시스템에서 전략적 역할을 할 것으로 기대되며, 에너지 다변화뿐만 아니라 폐기물 관리 및 환경 보호에도 기여할 것으로 예측됩니다.

이 보고서는 세계 바이오가스 고질화 시장에 대해 총 매출액, 주요 기업의 시장 점유율 및 순위에 초점을 맞추고 지역/국가, 유형 및 용도별 분석을 종합적으로 제시하는 것을 목적으로 합니다.

바이오가스 고질화 시장 규모, 추정 및 예측은 매출액으로 제시되며, 2024년을 기준 연도로 하여 2020년부터 2031년까지의 기간의 과거 데이터와 예측 데이터를 포함하고 있습니다. 정량적 분석과 정성적 분석을 통해 독자들이 비즈니스/성장 전략을 수립하고, 시장 경쟁 구도를 평가하고, 현재 시장에서의 위치를 분석하여 바이오가스 고질화 관련 정보에 입각한 비즈니스 의사결정을 내리는데 도움을 드리고자 합니다.

시장 세분화

기업별

  • Pentair Haffmans
  • Evonik
  • Greenlane Renewables
  • UBE
  • Air Liquide
  • Bright Renewables
  • Hitachi Zosen Inova
  • Xebec
  • Carbotech Gas
  • Malmberg Water
  • DMT Environmental Technology
  • EnviTec Biogas
  • ETW Energietechnik
  • Biovoima
  • Mahler AGS
  • Sysadvance
  • NeoZeo AB

유형별 부문

  • 막 분리
  • 세면식 스크러버
  • 화학 스크러버
  • PSA
  • 기타

용도별 부문

  • 농업
  • 자치체
  • 산업
  • 기타

지역별

  • 북미
    • 미국
    • 캐나다
  • 아시아태평양
    • 중국
    • 일본
    • 한국
    • 동남아시아
    • 인도
    • 호주
    • 기타 아시아태평양
  • 유럽
    • 독일
    • 프랑스
    • 영국
    • 이탈리아
    • 네덜란드
    • 북유럽 국가
    • 기타 유럽
  • 라틴아메리카
    • 멕시코
    • 브라질
    • 기타 라틴아메리카
  • 중동 및 아프리카
    • 튀르키예
    • 사우디아라비아
    • 아랍에미리트(UAE)
    • 기타 중동 및 아프리카
LSH 25.12.03

자주 묻는 질문

  • 바이오가스 고질화 시장 규모는 어떻게 예측되나요?
  • 바이오가스 고질화 장치의 주요 기능은 무엇인가요?
  • 바이오가스 업그레이더 시장의 성장 요인은 무엇인가요?
  • 바이오가스 고질화 시스템의 기술적 특징은 무엇인가요?
  • 바이오가스 고질화 시장의 주요 기업은 어디인가요?
  • 바이오가스 고질화 시장의 지역별 분석은 어떻게 이루어지나요?

The global market for Biogas Upgrading was estimated to be worth US$ 808 million in 2024 and is forecast to a readjusted size of US$ 2102 million by 2031 with a CAGR of 15.0% during the forecast period 2025-2031.

A biogas upgrader is a system designed to refine raw biogas by removing impurities such as carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), moisture, and other trace contaminants. The goal of upgrading is to increase the methane concentration in the gas to meet the standards of natural gas, making it suitable for injection into the gas grid or use as vehicle fuel. The process typically involves technologies such as water scrubbing, pressure swing adsorption (PSA), chemical absorption (e.g., amine or Selexol), and membrane separation.

The global market for biogas upgraders is gaining momentum due to the rising demand for clean and renewable energy sources. As countries focus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions and transitioning to low-carbon economies, biogas has become a valuable resource-especially when upgraded to biomethane. Biogas upgrading equipment plays a central role in enabling the conversion of organic waste, sewage, agricultural residues, and food waste into high-quality, grid-compatible fuel. The market is supported by favorable government policies, carbon reduction incentives, and renewable energy targets, especially in Europe, North America, and parts of Asia. Technological innovation has also improved the efficiency and scalability of upgrading systems, making them suitable for both small-scale farms and large municipal facilities. The modularity and flexibility of newer upgrading units allow for tailored deployment in a variety of settings. Additionally, the integration of biogas upgrading systems with carbon capture technologies is opening new opportunities in the circular bioeconomy. However, the market remains capital-intensive, and project success often depends on long-term gas purchase agreements, access to subsidies, and reliable waste feedstock. As the global energy landscape evolves, biogas upgraders are expected to play a strategic role in decentralized energy systems, contributing not only to energy diversification but also to waste management and environmental protection.

This report aims to provide a comprehensive presentation of the global market for Biogas Upgrading, focusing on the total sales revenue, key companies market share and ranking, together with an analysis of Biogas Upgrading by region & country, by Type, and by Application.

The Biogas Upgrading market size, estimations, and forecasts are provided in terms of sales revenue ($ millions), considering 2024 as the base year, with history and forecast data for the period from 2020 to 2031. With both quantitative and qualitative analysis, to help readers develop business/growth strategies, assess the market competitive situation, analyze their position in the current marketplace, and make informed business decisions regarding Biogas Upgrading.

Market Segmentation

By Company

  • Pentair Haffmans
  • Evonik
  • Greenlane Renewables
  • UBE
  • Air Liquide
  • Bright Renewables
  • Hitachi Zosen Inova
  • Xebec
  • Carbotech Gas
  • Malmberg Water
  • DMT Environmental Technology
  • EnviTec Biogas
  • ETW Energietechnik
  • Biovoima
  • Mahler AGS
  • Sysadvance
  • NeoZeo AB

Segment by Type

  • Membrane Separation
  • Water Scrubber
  • Chemical Scrubber
  • PSA
  • Others

Segment by Application

  • Agricultural
  • Municipal
  • Industrial
  • Others

By Region

  • North America
    • United States
    • Canada
  • Asia-Pacific
    • China
    • Japan
    • South Korea
    • Southeast Asia
    • India
    • Australia
    • Rest of Asia-Pacific
  • Europe
    • Germany
    • France
    • U.K.
    • Italy
    • Netherlands
    • Nordic Countries
    • Rest of Europe
  • Latin America
    • Mexico
    • Brazil
    • Rest of Latin America
  • Middle East & Africa
    • Turkey
    • Saudi Arabia
    • UAE
    • Rest of MEA

Chapter Outline

Chapter 1: Introduces the report scope of the report, global total market size. This chapter also provides the market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.

Chapter 2: Detailed analysis of Biogas Upgrading company competitive landscape, revenue market share, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.

Chapter 3: Provides the analysis of various market segments by Type, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.

Chapter 4: Provides the analysis of various market segments by Application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.

Chapter 5: Revenue of Biogas Upgrading in regional level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space, and market size of each country in the world.

Chapter 6: Revenue of Biogas Upgrading in country level. It provides sigmate data by Type, and by Application for each country/region.

Chapter 7: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product revenue, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.

Chapter 8: Analysis of industrial chain, including the upstream and downstream of the industry.

Chapter 9: Conclusion.

Table of Contents

1 Market Overview

  • 1.1 Biogas Upgrading Product Introduction
  • 1.2 Global Biogas Upgrading Market Size Forecast (2020-2031)
  • 1.3 Biogas Upgrading Market Trends & Drivers
    • 1.3.1 Biogas Upgrading Industry Trends
    • 1.3.2 Biogas Upgrading Market Drivers & Opportunity
    • 1.3.3 Biogas Upgrading Market Challenges
    • 1.3.4 Biogas Upgrading Market Restraints
  • 1.4 Assumptions and Limitations
  • 1.5 Study Objectives
  • 1.6 Years Considered

2 Competitive Analysis by Company

  • 2.1 Global Biogas Upgrading Players Revenue Ranking (2024)
  • 2.2 Global Biogas Upgrading Revenue by Company (2020-2025)
  • 2.3 Key Companies Biogas Upgrading Manufacturing Base Distribution and Headquarters
  • 2.4 Key Companies Biogas Upgrading Product Offered
  • 2.5 Key Companies Time to Begin Mass Production of Biogas Upgrading
  • 2.6 Biogas Upgrading Market Competitive Analysis
    • 2.6.1 Biogas Upgrading Market Concentration Rate (2020-2025)
    • 2.6.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Companies by Biogas Upgrading Revenue in 2024
    • 2.6.3 Global Top Companies by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Biogas Upgrading as of 2024)
  • 2.7 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

3 Segmentation by Type

  • 3.1 Introduction by Type
    • 3.1.1 Membrane Separation
    • 3.1.2 Water Scrubber
    • 3.1.3 Chemical Scrubber
    • 3.1.4 PSA
    • 3.1.5 Others
  • 3.2 Global Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Type
    • 3.2.1 Global Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Type (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
    • 3.2.2 Global Biogas Upgrading Sales Value, by Type (2020-2031)
    • 3.2.3 Global Biogas Upgrading Sales Value, by Type (%) (2020-2031)

4 Segmentation by Application

  • 4.1 Introduction by Application
    • 4.1.1 Agricultural
    • 4.1.2 Municipal
    • 4.1.3 Industrial
    • 4.1.4 Others
  • 4.2 Global Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Application
    • 4.2.1 Global Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Application (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
    • 4.2.2 Global Biogas Upgrading Sales Value, by Application (2020-2031)
    • 4.2.3 Global Biogas Upgrading Sales Value, by Application (%) (2020-2031)

5 Segmentation by Region

  • 5.1 Global Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Region
    • 5.1.1 Global Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
    • 5.1.2 Global Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Region (2020-2025)
    • 5.1.3 Global Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Region (2026-2031)
    • 5.1.4 Global Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Region (%), (2020-2031)
  • 5.2 North America
    • 5.2.1 North America Biogas Upgrading Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 5.2.2 North America Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 5.3 Europe
    • 5.3.1 Europe Biogas Upgrading Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 5.3.2 Europe Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 5.4 Asia Pacific
    • 5.4.1 Asia Pacific Biogas Upgrading Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 5.4.2 Asia Pacific Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Region (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 5.5 South America
    • 5.5.1 South America Biogas Upgrading Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 5.5.2 South America Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 5.6 Middle East & Africa
    • 5.6.1 Middle East & Africa Biogas Upgrading Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 5.6.2 Middle East & Africa Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031

6 Segmentation by Key Countries/Regions

  • 6.1 Key Countries/Regions Biogas Upgrading Sales Value Growth Trends, 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.2 Key Countries/Regions Biogas Upgrading Sales Value, 2020-2031
  • 6.3 United States
    • 6.3.1 United States Biogas Upgrading Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.3.2 United States Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.3.3 United States Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.4 Europe
    • 6.4.1 Europe Biogas Upgrading Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.4.2 Europe Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.4.3 Europe Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.5 China
    • 6.5.1 China Biogas Upgrading Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.5.2 China Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.5.3 China Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.6 Japan
    • 6.6.1 Japan Biogas Upgrading Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.6.2 Japan Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.6.3 Japan Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.7 South Korea
    • 6.7.1 South Korea Biogas Upgrading Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.7.2 South Korea Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.7.3 South Korea Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.8 Southeast Asia
    • 6.8.1 Southeast Asia Biogas Upgrading Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.8.2 Southeast Asia Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.8.3 Southeast Asia Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.9 India
    • 6.9.1 India Biogas Upgrading Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.9.2 India Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.9.3 India Biogas Upgrading Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031

7 Company Profiles

  • 7.1 Pentair Haffmans
    • 7.1.1 Pentair Haffmans Profile
    • 7.1.2 Pentair Haffmans Main Business
    • 7.1.3 Pentair Haffmans Biogas Upgrading Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.1.4 Pentair Haffmans Biogas Upgrading Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.1.5 Pentair Haffmans Recent Developments
  • 7.2 Evonik
    • 7.2.1 Evonik Profile
    • 7.2.2 Evonik Main Business
    • 7.2.3 Evonik Biogas Upgrading Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.2.4 Evonik Biogas Upgrading Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.2.5 Evonik Recent Developments
  • 7.3 Greenlane Renewables
    • 7.3.1 Greenlane Renewables Profile
    • 7.3.2 Greenlane Renewables Main Business
    • 7.3.3 Greenlane Renewables Biogas Upgrading Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.3.4 Greenlane Renewables Biogas Upgrading Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.3.5 Greenlane Renewables Recent Developments
  • 7.4 UBE
    • 7.4.1 UBE Profile
    • 7.4.2 UBE Main Business
    • 7.4.3 UBE Biogas Upgrading Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.4.4 UBE Biogas Upgrading Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.4.5 UBE Recent Developments
  • 7.5 Air Liquide
    • 7.5.1 Air Liquide Profile
    • 7.5.2 Air Liquide Main Business
    • 7.5.3 Air Liquide Biogas Upgrading Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.5.4 Air Liquide Biogas Upgrading Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.5.5 Air Liquide Recent Developments
  • 7.6 Bright Renewables
    • 7.6.1 Bright Renewables Profile
    • 7.6.2 Bright Renewables Main Business
    • 7.6.3 Bright Renewables Biogas Upgrading Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.6.4 Bright Renewables Biogas Upgrading Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.6.5 Bright Renewables Recent Developments
  • 7.7 Hitachi Zosen Inova
    • 7.7.1 Hitachi Zosen Inova Profile
    • 7.7.2 Hitachi Zosen Inova Main Business
    • 7.7.3 Hitachi Zosen Inova Biogas Upgrading Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.7.4 Hitachi Zosen Inova Biogas Upgrading Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.7.5 Hitachi Zosen Inova Recent Developments
  • 7.8 Xebec
    • 7.8.1 Xebec Profile
    • 7.8.2 Xebec Main Business
    • 7.8.3 Xebec Biogas Upgrading Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.8.4 Xebec Biogas Upgrading Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.8.5 Xebec Recent Developments
  • 7.9 Carbotech Gas
    • 7.9.1 Carbotech Gas Profile
    • 7.9.2 Carbotech Gas Main Business
    • 7.9.3 Carbotech Gas Biogas Upgrading Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.9.4 Carbotech Gas Biogas Upgrading Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.9.5 Carbotech Gas Recent Developments
  • 7.10 Malmberg Water
    • 7.10.1 Malmberg Water Profile
    • 7.10.2 Malmberg Water Main Business
    • 7.10.3 Malmberg Water Biogas Upgrading Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.10.4 Malmberg Water Biogas Upgrading Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.10.5 Malmberg Water Recent Developments
  • 7.11 DMT Environmental Technology
    • 7.11.1 DMT Environmental Technology Profile
    • 7.11.2 DMT Environmental Technology Main Business
    • 7.11.3 DMT Environmental Technology Biogas Upgrading Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.11.4 DMT Environmental Technology Biogas Upgrading Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.11.5 DMT Environmental Technology Recent Developments
  • 7.12 EnviTec Biogas
    • 7.12.1 EnviTec Biogas Profile
    • 7.12.2 EnviTec Biogas Main Business
    • 7.12.3 EnviTec Biogas Biogas Upgrading Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.12.4 EnviTec Biogas Biogas Upgrading Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.12.5 EnviTec Biogas Recent Developments
  • 7.13 ETW Energietechnik
    • 7.13.1 ETW Energietechnik Profile
    • 7.13.2 ETW Energietechnik Main Business
    • 7.13.3 ETW Energietechnik Biogas Upgrading Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.13.4 ETW Energietechnik Biogas Upgrading Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.13.5 ETW Energietechnik Recent Developments
  • 7.14 Biovoima
    • 7.14.1 Biovoima Profile
    • 7.14.2 Biovoima Main Business
    • 7.14.3 Biovoima Biogas Upgrading Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.14.4 Biovoima Biogas Upgrading Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.14.5 Biovoima Recent Developments
  • 7.15 Mahler AGS
    • 7.15.1 Mahler AGS Profile
    • 7.15.2 Mahler AGS Main Business
    • 7.15.3 Mahler AGS Biogas Upgrading Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.15.4 Mahler AGS Biogas Upgrading Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.15.5 Mahler AGS Recent Developments
  • 7.16 Sysadvance
    • 7.16.1 Sysadvance Profile
    • 7.16.2 Sysadvance Main Business
    • 7.16.3 Sysadvance Biogas Upgrading Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.16.4 Sysadvance Biogas Upgrading Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.16.5 Sysadvance Recent Developments
  • 7.17 NeoZeo AB
    • 7.17.1 NeoZeo AB Profile
    • 7.17.2 NeoZeo AB Main Business
    • 7.17.3 NeoZeo AB Biogas Upgrading Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.17.4 NeoZeo AB Biogas Upgrading Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.17.5 NeoZeo AB Recent Developments

8 Industry Chain Analysis

  • 8.1 Biogas Upgrading Industrial Chain
  • 8.2 Biogas Upgrading Upstream Analysis
    • 8.2.1 Key Raw Materials
    • 8.2.2 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
    • 8.2.3 Manufacturing Cost Structure
  • 8.3 Midstream Analysis
  • 8.4 Downstream Analysis (Customers Analysis)
  • 8.5 Sales Model and Sales Channels
    • 8.5.1 Biogas Upgrading Sales Model
    • 8.5.2 Sales Channel
    • 8.5.3 Biogas Upgrading Distributors

9 Research Findings and Conclusion

10 Appendix

  • 10.1 Research Methodology
    • 10.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
      • 10.1.1.1 Research Programs/Design
      • 10.1.1.2 Market Size Estimation
      • 10.1.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
    • 10.1.2 Data Source
      • 10.1.2.1 Secondary Sources
      • 10.1.2.2 Primary Sources
  • 10.2 Author Details
  • 10.3 Disclaimer
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