시장보고서
상품코드
1866835

세계의 mPOS 디바이스 시장 : 시장 점유율과 순위, 전체 판매 및 수요 예측(2025-2031년)

mPOS Device - Global Market Share and Ranking, Overall Sales and Demand Forecast 2025-2031

발행일: | 리서치사: QYResearch | 페이지 정보: 영문 | 배송안내 : 2-3일 (영업일 기준)

    
    
    




■ 보고서에 따라 최신 정보로 업데이트하여 보내드립니다. 배송일정은 문의해 주시기 바랍니다.

세계의 mPOS 디바이스 시장 규모는 2024년에 30억 4,400만 달러로 추정되며, 2025년부터 2031년까지 예측 기간 동안 CAGR 9.7%로 성장하여 2031년까지 58억 1,000만 달러로 확대될 것으로 예측됩니다.

mPOS(Mobile Point of Sale) 디바이스는 스마트폰, 태블릿 등 모바일 단말기를 통해 카드 결제를 받을 수 있는 휴대용 결제 단말기입니다. 이러한 장치는 일반적으로 카드 리더기와 페어링되어 블루투스 또는 헤드폰 잭을 통해 연결되며, 비접촉식 결제(NFC 지원 카드 및 Apple Pay와 같은 모바일 지갑 포함)를 포함한 신용 카드 및 직불 카드 거래를 처리할 수 있습니다. 처리할 수 있습니다. mPOS 시스템은 특히 소규모 사업자, 이동 판매업체(푸드트럭, 시장 출점자 등), 휴대성이 중요한 소매 환경에서 인기가 높습니다. 이러한 단말기에는 재고 관리, 판매 보고서, 고객 데이터 수집 등의 추가 기능이 탑재되어 있는 경우가 많습니다. 2024년 세계 mPOS 단말기 생산량은 약 5,132만 대, 세계 평균 시장 가격은 대당 약 59.32달러에 달했습니다.

현금 없는 결제 수요 증가

소비자 선호도 : 편리함과 위생상의 이유로 소비자들이 점점 더 현금 없는 비접촉식 결제를 선호함에 따라, 기업들은 이러한 수요를 충족시키기 위해 mPOS 솔루션을 채택하고 있습니다.

모바일 보급률 향상

스마트폰의 대중화 : 전 세계적으로 스마트폰 사용이 증가함에 따라 기업들은 스마트폰과 태블릿을 POS 시스템으로 전환하는 것이 비용 효율적이라는 것을 인식하고 고가의 기존 POS 하드웨어의 필요성을 절감하고 있습니다.

중소기업(SMB)의 비용 효율성

자본 투자 절감 : 기존 POS 시스템은 하드웨어와 소프트웨어 모두에 많은 자본 투자가 필요할 수 있습니다. 한편, mPOS 시스템은 일반적으로 저렴한 가격으로 구독 기반 가격 모델을 제공합니다.

유연성 : mPOS 시스템은 중소기업이 업무 규모를 확장하고 필요에 따라 조정할 수 있습니다. 대규모의 선투자가 필요하지 않으며, 사업 성장에 따라 확장할 수 있습니다.

이 보고서는 mPOS 디바이스 세계 시장에 대한 종합적인 분석을 제공하는 것을 목표로 합니다. 총매출액, 주요 기업의 시장 점유율과 순위에 초점을 맞추고, 지역별, 국가별, 유형별, 용도별 mPOS 디바이스 분석도 포함합니다.

mPOS 디바이스의 시장 규모, 추정 및 예측은 2024년을 기준 연도로 하여 2020년에서 2031년까지의 기간의 과거 데이터와 예측 데이터를 포함한 매출액으로 제시됩니다. 정량적 분석과 정성적 분석을 통해 독자들이 mPOS 디바이스에 대한 사업/성장 전략 수립, 시장 경쟁 평가, 현재 시장에서의 포지셔닝 분석, 정보에 입각한 사업적 판단을 내릴 수 있도록 돕습니다.

시장 세분화

기업별

  • Newland NPT
  • PAX Technology
  • New POS Technology
  • Verifone
  • Ingenico(Worldline)
  • Shenzhen Xinguodu Technology
  • Wuhan Tianyu Information
  • BBPOS
  • Centerm
  • MoreFun Electronic Technology
  • Posiflex Technology
  • NCR Voyix
  • Beijing Shenzhou Anfu Technology
  • Datecs
  • SZZT
  • ADVANTECH-AURES
  • Miura Systems
  • PayCore
  • Bitel
  • Square
  • Touch Dynamic

유형별 부문

  • 스마트 POS
  • 비스마트 POS

용도별 부문

  • 소매
  • 레스토랑
  • 호스피탈리티
  • 엔터테인먼트
  • 기타

지역별

  • 북미
    • 미국
    • 캐나다
  • 아시아태평양
    • 중국
    • 일본
    • 한국
    • 동남아시아
    • 인도
    • 호주
    • 기타 아시아태평양
  • 유럽
    • 독일
    • 프랑스
    • 영국
    • 이탈리아
    • 네덜란드
    • 북유럽 국가
    • 기타 유럽
  • 라틴아메리카
    • 멕시코
    • 브라질
    • 기타 라틴아메리카
  • 중동 및 아프리카
    • 튀르키예
    • 사우디아라비아
    • 아랍에미리트
    • 기타 중동 및 아프리카
KSM 25.11.27

The global market for mPOS Device was estimated to be worth US$ 3044 million in 2024 and is forecast to a readjusted size of US$ 5810 million by 2031 with a CAGR of 9.7% during the forecast period 2025-2031.

An mPOS (mobile Point of Sale) device is a portable payment terminal that allows businesses to accept card payments through mobile devices like smartphones or tablets. These devices are typically paired with a card reader, often connected via Bluetooth or a headphone jack, and can process credit or debit card transactions, including contactless payments (such as NFC-enabled cards or mobile wallets like Apple Pay).mPOS systems are particularly popular with small businesses, merchants on the go (like food trucks, market vendors), and in retail environments where portability is key. These devices often come with additional features, such as inventory management, sales reporting, and customer data collection. In 2024, global mPOS Device production reached approximately 51.32 million units , with an average global market price of around US$ 59.32 per unit.

Rising Demand for Cashless Transactions

Consumer Preferences: As consumers increasingly prefer cashless and contactless payments for convenience and hygiene reasons, businesses are adopting mPOS solutions to cater to this demand.

Increasing Mobile Penetration

Smartphone Adoption: With the global increase in smartphone usage, businesses have found it cost-effective to convert smartphones or tablets into POS systems, reducing the need for expensive traditional POS hardware.

Cost Efficiency for Small and Medium-Sized Businesses (SMBs)

Lower Capital Investment: Traditional POS systems can require significant capital investment in both hardware and software. mPOS systems, on the other hand, are typically more affordable, offering subscription-based pricing models.

Flexibility: mPOS systems allow SMBs to scale their operations and adjust as needed. They can expand as the business grows, without heavy upfront investments.

This report aims to provide a comprehensive presentation of the global market for mPOS Device, focusing on the total sales revenue, key companies market share and ranking, together with an analysis of mPOS Device by region & country, by Type, and by Application.

The mPOS Device market size, estimations, and forecasts are provided in terms of sales revenue ($ millions), considering 2024 as the base year, with history and forecast data for the period from 2020 to 2031. With both quantitative and qualitative analysis, to help readers develop business/growth strategies, assess the market competitive situation, analyze their position in the current marketplace, and make informed business decisions regarding mPOS Device.

Market Segmentation

By Company

  • Newland NPT
  • PAX Technology
  • New POS Technology
  • Verifone
  • Ingenico (Worldline)
  • Shenzhen Xinguodu Technology
  • Wuhan Tianyu Information
  • BBPOS
  • Centerm
  • MoreFun Electronic Technology
  • Posiflex Technology
  • NCR Voyix
  • Beijing Shenzhou Anfu Technology
  • Datecs
  • SZZT
  • ADVANTECH-AURES
  • Miura Systems
  • PayCore
  • Bitel
  • Square
  • Touch Dynamic

Segment by Type

  • Smart POS
  • Non-smart POS

Segment by Application

  • Retail
  • Restaurant
  • Hospitality
  • Entertainment
  • Other

By Region

  • North America
    • United States
    • Canada
  • Asia-Pacific
    • China
    • Japan
    • South Korea
    • Southeast Asia
    • India
    • Australia
    • Rest of Asia-Pacific
  • Europe
    • Germany
    • France
    • U.K.
    • Italy
    • Netherlands
    • Nordic Countries
    • Rest of Europe
  • Latin America
    • Mexico
    • Brazil
    • Rest of Latin America
  • Middle East & Africa
    • Turkey
    • Saudi Arabia
    • UAE
    • Rest of MEA

Chapter Outline

Chapter 1: Introduces the report scope of the report, global total market size. This chapter also provides the market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.

Chapter 2: Detailed analysis of mPOS Device company competitive landscape, revenue market share, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.

Chapter 3: Provides the analysis of various market segments by Type, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.

Chapter 4: Provides the analysis of various market segments by Application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.

Chapter 5: Revenue of mPOS Device in regional level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space, and market size of each country in the world.

Chapter 6: Revenue of mPOS Device in country level. It provides sigmate data by Type, and by Application for each country/region.

Chapter 7: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product revenue, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.

Chapter 8: Analysis of industrial chain, including the upstream and downstream of the industry.

Chapter 9: Conclusion.

Table of Contents

1 Market Overview

  • 1.1 mPOS Device Product Introduction
  • 1.2 Global mPOS Device Market Size Forecast (2020-2031)
  • 1.3 mPOS Device Market Trends & Drivers
    • 1.3.1 mPOS Device Industry Trends
    • 1.3.2 mPOS Device Market Drivers & Opportunity
    • 1.3.3 mPOS Device Market Challenges
    • 1.3.4 mPOS Device Market Restraints
  • 1.4 Assumptions and Limitations
  • 1.5 Study Objectives
  • 1.6 Years Considered

2 Competitive Analysis by Company

  • 2.1 Global mPOS Device Players Revenue Ranking (2024)
  • 2.2 Global mPOS Device Revenue by Company (2020-2025)
  • 2.3 Key Companies mPOS Device Manufacturing Base Distribution and Headquarters
  • 2.4 Key Companies mPOS Device Product Offered
  • 2.5 Key Companies Time to Begin Mass Production of mPOS Device
  • 2.6 mPOS Device Market Competitive Analysis
    • 2.6.1 mPOS Device Market Concentration Rate (2020-2025)
    • 2.6.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Companies by mPOS Device Revenue in 2024
    • 2.6.3 Global Top Companies by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in mPOS Device as of 2024)
  • 2.7 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

3 Segmentation by Type

  • 3.1 Introduction by Type
    • 3.1.1 Smart POS
    • 3.1.2 Non-smart POS
  • 3.2 Global mPOS Device Sales Value by Type
    • 3.2.1 Global mPOS Device Sales Value by Type (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
    • 3.2.2 Global mPOS Device Sales Value, by Type (2020-2031)
    • 3.2.3 Global mPOS Device Sales Value, by Type (%) (2020-2031)

4 Segmentation by Application

  • 4.1 Introduction by Application
    • 4.1.1 Retail
    • 4.1.2 Restaurant
    • 4.1.3 Hospitality
    • 4.1.4 Entertainment
    • 4.1.5 Other
  • 4.2 Global mPOS Device Sales Value by Application
    • 4.2.1 Global mPOS Device Sales Value by Application (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
    • 4.2.2 Global mPOS Device Sales Value, by Application (2020-2031)
    • 4.2.3 Global mPOS Device Sales Value, by Application (%) (2020-2031)

5 Segmentation by Region

  • 5.1 Global mPOS Device Sales Value by Region
    • 5.1.1 Global mPOS Device Sales Value by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
    • 5.1.2 Global mPOS Device Sales Value by Region (2020-2025)
    • 5.1.3 Global mPOS Device Sales Value by Region (2026-2031)
    • 5.1.4 Global mPOS Device Sales Value by Region (%), (2020-2031)
  • 5.2 North America
    • 5.2.1 North America mPOS Device Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 5.2.2 North America mPOS Device Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 5.3 Europe
    • 5.3.1 Europe mPOS Device Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 5.3.2 Europe mPOS Device Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 5.4 Asia Pacific
    • 5.4.1 Asia Pacific mPOS Device Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 5.4.2 Asia Pacific mPOS Device Sales Value by Region (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 5.5 South America
    • 5.5.1 South America mPOS Device Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 5.5.2 South America mPOS Device Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 5.6 Middle East & Africa
    • 5.6.1 Middle East & Africa mPOS Device Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 5.6.2 Middle East & Africa mPOS Device Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031

6 Segmentation by Key Countries/Regions

  • 6.1 Key Countries/Regions mPOS Device Sales Value Growth Trends, 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.2 Key Countries/Regions mPOS Device Sales Value, 2020-2031
  • 6.3 United States
    • 6.3.1 United States mPOS Device Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.3.2 United States mPOS Device Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.3.3 United States mPOS Device Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.4 Europe
    • 6.4.1 Europe mPOS Device Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.4.2 Europe mPOS Device Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.4.3 Europe mPOS Device Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.5 China
    • 6.5.1 China mPOS Device Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.5.2 China mPOS Device Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.5.3 China mPOS Device Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.6 Japan
    • 6.6.1 Japan mPOS Device Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.6.2 Japan mPOS Device Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.6.3 Japan mPOS Device Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.7 South Korea
    • 6.7.1 South Korea mPOS Device Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.7.2 South Korea mPOS Device Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.7.3 South Korea mPOS Device Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.8 Southeast Asia
    • 6.8.1 Southeast Asia mPOS Device Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.8.2 Southeast Asia mPOS Device Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.8.3 Southeast Asia mPOS Device Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.9 India
    • 6.9.1 India mPOS Device Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.9.2 India mPOS Device Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.9.3 India mPOS Device Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031

7 Company Profiles

  • 7.1 Newland NPT
    • 7.1.1 Newland NPT Profile
    • 7.1.2 Newland NPT Main Business
    • 7.1.3 Newland NPT mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.1.4 Newland NPT mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.1.5 Newland NPT Recent Developments
  • 7.2 PAX Technology
    • 7.2.1 PAX Technology Profile
    • 7.2.2 PAX Technology Main Business
    • 7.2.3 PAX Technology mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.2.4 PAX Technology mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.2.5 PAX Technology Recent Developments
  • 7.3 New POS Technology
    • 7.3.1 New POS Technology Profile
    • 7.3.2 New POS Technology Main Business
    • 7.3.3 New POS Technology mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.3.4 New POS Technology mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.3.5 New POS Technology Recent Developments
  • 7.4 Verifone
    • 7.4.1 Verifone Profile
    • 7.4.2 Verifone Main Business
    • 7.4.3 Verifone mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.4.4 Verifone mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.4.5 Verifone Recent Developments
  • 7.5 Ingenico (Worldline)
    • 7.5.1 Ingenico (Worldline) Profile
    • 7.5.2 Ingenico (Worldline) Main Business
    • 7.5.3 Ingenico (Worldline) mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.5.4 Ingenico (Worldline) mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.5.5 Ingenico (Worldline) Recent Developments
  • 7.6 Shenzhen Xinguodu Technology
    • 7.6.1 Shenzhen Xinguodu Technology Profile
    • 7.6.2 Shenzhen Xinguodu Technology Main Business
    • 7.6.3 Shenzhen Xinguodu Technology mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.6.4 Shenzhen Xinguodu Technology mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.6.5 Shenzhen Xinguodu Technology Recent Developments
  • 7.7 Wuhan Tianyu Information
    • 7.7.1 Wuhan Tianyu Information Profile
    • 7.7.2 Wuhan Tianyu Information Main Business
    • 7.7.3 Wuhan Tianyu Information mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.7.4 Wuhan Tianyu Information mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.7.5 Wuhan Tianyu Information Recent Developments
  • 7.8 BBPOS
    • 7.8.1 BBPOS Profile
    • 7.8.2 BBPOS Main Business
    • 7.8.3 BBPOS mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.8.4 BBPOS mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.8.5 BBPOS Recent Developments
  • 7.9 Centerm
    • 7.9.1 Centerm Profile
    • 7.9.2 Centerm Main Business
    • 7.9.3 Centerm mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.9.4 Centerm mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.9.5 Centerm Recent Developments
  • 7.10 MoreFun Electronic Technology
    • 7.10.1 MoreFun Electronic Technology Profile
    • 7.10.2 MoreFun Electronic Technology Main Business
    • 7.10.3 MoreFun Electronic Technology mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.10.4 MoreFun Electronic Technology mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.10.5 MoreFun Electronic Technology Recent Developments
  • 7.11 Posiflex Technology
    • 7.11.1 Posiflex Technology Profile
    • 7.11.2 Posiflex Technology Main Business
    • 7.11.3 Posiflex Technology mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.11.4 Posiflex Technology mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.11.5 Posiflex Technology Recent Developments
  • 7.12 NCR Voyix
    • 7.12.1 NCR Voyix Profile
    • 7.12.2 NCR Voyix Main Business
    • 7.12.3 NCR Voyix mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.12.4 NCR Voyix mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.12.5 NCR Voyix Recent Developments
  • 7.13 Beijing Shenzhou Anfu Technology
    • 7.13.1 Beijing Shenzhou Anfu Technology Profile
    • 7.13.2 Beijing Shenzhou Anfu Technology Main Business
    • 7.13.3 Beijing Shenzhou Anfu Technology mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.13.4 Beijing Shenzhou Anfu Technology mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.13.5 Beijing Shenzhou Anfu Technology Recent Developments
  • 7.14 Datecs
    • 7.14.1 Datecs Profile
    • 7.14.2 Datecs Main Business
    • 7.14.3 Datecs mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.14.4 Datecs mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.14.5 Datecs Recent Developments
  • 7.15 SZZT
    • 7.15.1 SZZT Profile
    • 7.15.2 SZZT Main Business
    • 7.15.3 SZZT mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.15.4 SZZT mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.15.5 SZZT Recent Developments
  • 7.16 ADVANTECH-AURES
    • 7.16.1 ADVANTECH-AURES Profile
    • 7.16.2 ADVANTECH-AURES Main Business
    • 7.16.3 ADVANTECH-AURES mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.16.4 ADVANTECH-AURES mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.16.5 ADVANTECH-AURES Recent Developments
  • 7.17 Miura Systems
    • 7.17.1 Miura Systems Profile
    • 7.17.2 Miura Systems Main Business
    • 7.17.3 Miura Systems mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.17.4 Miura Systems mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.17.5 Miura Systems Recent Developments
  • 7.18 PayCore
    • 7.18.1 PayCore Profile
    • 7.18.2 PayCore Main Business
    • 7.18.3 PayCore mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.18.4 PayCore mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.18.5 PayCore Recent Developments
  • 7.19 Bitel
    • 7.19.1 Bitel Profile
    • 7.19.2 Bitel Main Business
    • 7.19.3 Bitel mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.19.4 Bitel mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.19.5 Bitel Recent Developments
  • 7.20 Square
    • 7.20.1 Square Profile
    • 7.20.2 Square Main Business
    • 7.20.3 Square mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.20.4 Square mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.20.5 Square Recent Developments
  • 7.21 Touch Dynamic
    • 7.21.1 Touch Dynamic Profile
    • 7.21.2 Touch Dynamic Main Business
    • 7.21.3 Touch Dynamic mPOS Device Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.21.4 Touch Dynamic mPOS Device Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.21.5 Touch Dynamic Recent Developments

8 Industry Chain Analysis

  • 8.1 mPOS Device Industrial Chain
  • 8.2 mPOS Device Upstream Analysis
    • 8.2.1 Key Raw Materials
    • 8.2.2 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
    • 8.2.3 Manufacturing Cost Structure
  • 8.3 Midstream Analysis
  • 8.4 Downstream Analysis (Customers Analysis)
  • 8.5 Sales Model and Sales Channels
    • 8.5.1 mPOS Device Sales Model
    • 8.5.2 Sales Channel
    • 8.5.3 mPOS Device Distributors

9 Research Findings and Conclusion

10 Appendix

  • 10.1 Research Methodology
    • 10.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
      • 10.1.1.1 Research Programs/Design
      • 10.1.1.2 Market Size Estimation
      • 10.1.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
    • 10.1.2 Data Source
      • 10.1.2.1 Secondary Sources
      • 10.1.2.2 Primary Sources
  • 10.2 Author Details
  • 10.3 Disclaimer
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