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시장보고서
상품코드
1618419
금속 주조 시장 : 재료별, 프로세스별, 최종사용자 산업별, 지역별(2024-2031년)Metal Casting Market By Material (Cast Iron, Aluminum, Stainless Steel), Process (Sand Casting, Die Casting, Shell Mold), End-User Industry (Automotive & Transportation, Building & Construction, Mining), & Region for 2024-2031 |
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항공우주·방위 분야의 확대
이러한 산업은 항공기, 우주선, 군용 장비에 고정밀, 경량 금속 부품을 필요로 합니다. 따라서 항공우주 및 방위 분야의 확대로 시장 규모는 2024년에 530억 4,000만 달러를 돌파하며, 2031년에는 2,153억 1,000만 달러의 평가액에 달합니다.
금속 주조 분야에서 3D 프린팅 채택 증가
적층제조 기술은 금속 주조 공정에 혁명을 일으켜 보다 복잡한 설계와 신속한 프로토타이핑을 가능하게 하고 있습니다. 따라서 금속 주조 분야에서 3D 프린팅의 채택이 확대됨에 따라 시장은 2024-2031년 연평균 19.14%의 성장률을 나타낼 것으로 예상됩니다.
금속 주조 시장 정의/개요
금속 주조는 현대 제조업의 기본 공정으로, 용융 금속을 금형 캐비티에 부어 특정 모양의 물체를 만드는 것입니다. 이 방법은 다용도하고 비용 효율적이기 때문에 복잡한 부품을 고정밀도로 제조하는 데 필수적입니다. 이 공정은 먼저 용광로에서 금속을 용융 상태까지 가열하는 것으로 시작하여 원하는 사양에 맞게 설계된 금형에 부어 넣는 것으로 시작됩니다. 주입된 금속은 냉각되어 굳어지고 금형 내에서 최종 형상을 형성합니다. 사용되는 금속의 유형은 강도, 내구성, 내열성 등 최종 제품에 요구되는 특정 특성에 따라 선택됩니다.
금속 주조는 자동차, 항공우주, 건설, 중장비 등 다양한 산업 분야에서 응용되고 있습니다. 단순한 형상부터 복잡한 형상까지 높은 정밀도로 만들 수 있으므로 대형 엔진 블록부터 섬세하고 복잡한 기계 부품까지 모든 것의 제조에 활용되고 있습니다. 또한 금속 주조는 신속한 시제품 제작 및 맞춤형 대량 생산에도 적합합니다. 또한 이 공정은 재활용된 고철을 사용하는 경우가 많기 때문에 폐기물과 환경에 미치는 영향을 줄일 수 있으며, 지속가능성에 기여하는 장점이 있습니다. 이 방법의 효율성은 복잡한 금속 형상을 대규모로 제공할 수 있는 능력과 결합하여 세계 제조업의 핵심 역할을 확고히 하고 있습니다.
풍력 터빈, 태양전지판 프레임 및 기타 재생 에너지 부품은 종종 금속 주조가 필요합니다. 국제에너지기구(IEA)의 보고서에 따르면 2021년 재생에너지 전력 용량은 290GW에 달하고, 새로운 기록을 세울 것으로 예상됩니다. 개발도상국의 도시화와 건설 붐. 급속한 도시화는 건설, 특히 파이프, 밸브 및 피팅에 대한 금속 주조 수요를 촉진합니다. 유엔 경제사회국은 2050년까지 세계 인구의 68%가 도시에 거주할 것으로 예상하고 있으며, 이는 2018년의 55%에서 증가할 것으로 예상하고 있습니다.
산업화 발전과 인프라 구축. 산업화의 발전은 기계, 설비, 인프라 부품의 필요성을 증가시키는데, 이 모든 것은 금속 주조에 크게 의존하고 있습니다. 지원하는 통계: 세계은행 보고서에 따르면 2020년 세계 산업(건설 포함) 부가가치가 GDP에서 차지하는 비중은 26.3%로 세계 경제에서 산업화의 중요한 역할을 강조하고 있습니다. 자동차 부문은 특히 엔진 부품, 변속기 부품, 구조 부품 등 금속 주조의 주요 수요처입니다. 국제자동차산업협회(OICA)의 통계에 따르면 2021년 세계 자동차 생산량은 2020년 대비 3% 증가한 8,010만 대에 달할 것으로 예상됩니다.
재료, 공정, 커스터마이징의 발전. 재료 과학의 혁신으로 강도, 내구성, 내식성이 강화된 첨단 합금이 개발되어 자동차, 항공우주 등 까다로운 산업에서 용도가 확대되고 있습니다. 맞춤형 및 신속한 프로토타이핑 또한 기술 혁신을 촉진하여 제품 개발과 정밀한 제조를 더욱 빠르게 진행할 수 있도록 돕고 있습니다. 지속가능성은 중요한 역할을 하고 있으며, 재활용 구상, 에너지 효율 기술, 폐기물 감소 프로그램은 환경에 미치는 영향을 줄이고 산업 성장을 지원하고 있습니다.
강화된 환경 규제는 특히 대기 배출 및 폐기물 관리와 관련하여 금속 주조 사업에 도전이 되고 있습니다. 미국 환경보호청(EPA)에 따르면 금속 주조 산업은 1990-2014년까지 유해대기오염물질(HAP) 배출량을 약 75% 줄였다고 합니다. 금속 주조 공정은 에너지 집약적이어서 높은 운영 비용과 환경 문제로 이어집니다. 미국 에너지부 보고서에 따르면 금속 주조 산업은 연간 약 55조 BTU의 에너지를 소비하며 미국 제조업 전체 에너지 사용량의 약 2.2%를 차지합니다.
금속 주조 업계는 숙련된 인력을 확보하고 유지하는 데 어려움을 겪고 있으며, 이는 생산과 품질에 영향을 미칠 수 있습니다. 미국 주조 협회의 조사에 따르면 금속 주조 시설의 90%가 유능한 직원을 고용하는 데 어려움을 겪고 있으며, 2019년에는 시설당 평균 2.3개의 미충원 포지션이 있다고 보고했습니다. 플라스틱, 복합재료 및 기타 재료의 발전은 특정 용도에서 전통적인 금속 주조에 위협이 되고 있습니다. 금속 주조의 높은 초기 금형 비용은 주로 특정 부품에 대한 금형과 패턴을 만들어야 할 필요성에서 비롯됩니다. 미국 국립표준기술연구소(NIST) 보고서에 따르면 금형 비용은 금속 주조 총 생산 비용의 최대 10-15%를 차지하며, 복잡한 부품의 경우 50,000-200,000달러 이상의 금형 투자가 필요할 수 있다고 합니다.
Expansion of aerospace and defense sectors. These industries require high-precision, lightweight metal components for aircraft, spacecraft, and military equipment. Thus, the growing aerospace and defense sectors surge the growth of market size surpassing USD 53.04 Billion in 2024 to reach a valuation of USD 215.31 Billion by 2031.
Increasing adoption of 3D printing in metal casting. Additive manufacturing technologies are revolutionizing the metal casting process, allowing for more complex designs and faster prototyping. Thus, the growing adoption of 3D printing in metal casting enables the market to grow at aCAGR of 19.14% from 2024 to 2031.
Metal Casting Market: Definition/ Overview
Metal casting is a fundamental process in modern manufacturing, where molten metal is poured into a mold cavity to create objects of specific shapes. This method is highly versatile and cost-effective, making it indispensable for producing complex components with high precision. The process begins by heating metal in a furnace until it reaches a molten state, after which it is poured into a prepared mold designed to meet the desired specifications. Once poured, the metal cools and solidifies, forming the final shape within the mold. The type of metal used is chosen based on the specific properties required for the end product, such as strength, durability, or heat resistance.
Metal casting finds applications across a wide array of industries, including automotive, aerospace, construction, and heavy machinery. It is utilized to produce everything from large engine blocks to delicate, intricate machinery parts, thanks to its ability to create both simple and complex shapes with high accuracy. Moreover, metal casting is suitable for mass production for rapid prototyping and customization. An added benefit is its contribution to sustainability, as the process often incorporates recycled scrap metal, reducing waste and environmental impact. The method's efficiency, combined with its ability to deliver intricate metal forms at scale, solidifies its role as a cornerstone in global manufacturing.
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Wind turbines, solar panel frames, and other renewable energy components often require metal castings. The International Energy Agency (IEA) reports that renewable electricity capacity additions reached 290 GW in 2021, setting a new record. Urbanization and construction boom in developing countries. Rapid urbanization drives demand for metal castings in construction, particularly for pipes, valves, and fittings. The United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs projects that 68% of the world's population will live in urban areas by 2050, up from 55% in 2018.
Growing industrialization and infrastructure development. Growing industrialization drives the need for machinery, equipment, and infrastructure components, all of which heavily rely on metal castings. Supporting stat: The World Bank reports that the global industry (including construction) value added as a percentage of GDP was 26.3% in 2020, highlighting the significant role of industrialization in the global economy. The automotive sector is a major consumer of metal castings, particularly for engine components, transmission parts, and structural elements. Supporting stat: According to the International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers (OICA), global motor vehicle production reached 80.1 million units in 2021, a 3% increase from 2020.
The advancements in materials, processes, and customization. Innovations in materials science have led to advanced alloys with enhanced strength, durability, and corrosion resistance, expanding applications in demanding industries like automotive and aerospace. Customization and rapid prototyping also boost innovation, enabling faster product development and precision manufacturing. Sustainability plays a vital role, with recycling initiatives, energy-efficient technologies, and waste reduction programs reducing environmental impact and supporting industry growth.
Stricter environmental regulations pose challenges for metal casting operations, particularly regarding air emissions and waste management. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the metal casting industry reduced its hazardous air pollutant (HAP) emissions by approximately 75% between 1990 and 2014. Metal casting processes are energy-intensive, leading to high operational costs and environmental concerns. The U.S. Department of Energy reports that the metal casting industry consumes approximately 55 trillion BTU of energy annually, accounting for about 2.2% of the total U.S. manufacturing energy use.
The metal casting industry faces challenges in attracting and retaining skilled workers, which can impact production and quality. A study by the American Foundry Society found that 90% of metal casting facilities reported difficulty in hiring qualified employees, with an average of 2.3 unfilled positions per facility in 2019. Advancements in plastics, composites, and other materials pose a threat to traditional metal castings in certain applications. The high initial tooling costs in metal casting arise primarily from the need to create molds and patterns for specific components. Supporting stat: According to a report by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), tooling costs account for up to 10-15% of the total production cost in metal casting, with complex parts potentially requiring tooling investments of $50,000 to $200,000 or more.
The aluminum segment dominates in the metal casting market, owing to the exceptional properties of aluminum alloys. Aluminum's lightweight nature, combined with its high strength-to-weight ratio, makes it highly attractive for industries such as automotive and aerospace, where reducing weight is essential for improving fuel efficiency and performance. This advantage has led to its widespread use in producing engine components, structural parts, and other intricate machinery.
The aluminum's standout feature is its strong corrosion resistance, which makes it ideal for applications in harsh environments, including marine and outdoor industries. This durability ensures that components made from aluminum can withstand exposure to elements without compromising structural integrity, thus extending product lifespan. Aluminum also boasts excellent thermal conductivity, which is beneficial for industries requiring efficient heat dissipation, such as electronics and energy systems. Its ease of machining and forming allows for the production of complex geometries and intricate shapes, enabling manufacturers to meet the diverse demands of various sectors.
In addition to these functional benefits, aluminum's recyclability contributes to its growing importance in the metal casting market. Recycling aluminum alloys conserves energy and resources, aligning with global sustainability efforts aimed at reducing waste and promoting eco-friendly manufacturing practices.
The automotive segment dominates the metal casting market, driven by the industry's demand for high-performance, lightweight, and durable components. Metal casting produces a wide range of automotive parts, including under-hood components, engine blocks, transmission parts, interior elements, and critical structural components. These cast metal parts are essential for ensuring vehicle performance, safety, and longevity.
The increasing demand for lightweight materials, as manufacturers seek to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions in line with global sustainability goals. Metal casting processes are instrumental in meeting this need by producing components that combine high strength with reduced weight. This is especially important for engine components, where the balance between heat resistance, strength, and dimensional accuracy is critical. Metal casting methods can efficiently deliver such precision, making them indispensable for automotive manufacturers.
Additionally, the cost-effectiveness of metal casting is a major driver of its dominance in the automotive industry. The process allows for mass production of intricate components with minimal material waste, lowering manufacturing costs and reducing lead times. The diversity of materials available for casting, such as aluminum, magnesium, and steel, enables manufacturers to select the most suitable material for each component, further enhancing performance and efficiency.
Asia Pacific substantially dominates the metal casting market owing to rapid industrialization. The Asia Pacific region, particularly countries like China and India, has experienced significant industrial expansion, driving demand for metal castings across various sectors. According to the World Bank, manufacturing value added (% of GDP) in East Asia & Pacific was 26.2% in 2021, compared to the world average of 16.7%. This indicates the region's strong industrial base and manufacturing prowess. The automotive sector in the Asia Pacific has seen remarkable growth, with increasing vehicle production and sales driving demand for metal castings used in engine components, transmission parts, and other automotive applications. The International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers (OICA) reports that in 2021, Asia-Oceania accounted for 55.9% of global motor vehicle production, with China alone producing 32.5% of the world's vehicles.
Rapid urbanization and large-scale infrastructure projects across the Asia Pacific region have fueled demand for metal castings in construction, transportation, and utilities. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) estimates that developing Asia will need to invest $26 trillion from 2016 to 2030, or $1.7 trillion per year, in infrastructure to maintain its growth momentum, tackle poverty, and respond to climate change.
Europe is anticipated to witness the fastest growth in the metal casting market driven by Europe's push towards electric mobility is driving innovation in lightweight metal castings for EV components, batteries, and charging infrastructure. According to the European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA), electric car registrations in the EU increased by 63.1% from 2020 to 2021, reaching nearly 880,000 units. The market share of battery electric vehicles in the EU reached 9.1% in 2021.
Europe's aerospace sector, including commercial aviation and defense, is driving demand for high-performance metal castings. The AeroSpace and Defence Industries Association of Europe (ASD) reports that in 2021, the European aerospace and defense industry achieved a turnover of €228 billion, employing over 870,000 people directly.
Europe's focus on sustainability and circular economy principles is driving innovation in metal casting processes, including increased use of recycled materials and energy-efficient technologies. According to the European Aluminium Association, the recycling rate for aluminum beverage cans in Europe reached 76.1% in 2019. The overall recycling rate for aluminum packaging in Europe was 81.1% in the same year, demonstrating the region's commitment to circular economy principles in metal use.
The Metal Casting Market is dynamic and subject to ongoing changes, with new players emerging and existing ones adapting to market trends. By understanding the competitive landscape and implementing effective strategies, companies can position themselves for long-term success.
The organizations are focusing on innovating their product line to serve the vast population in diverse regions. Some of the prominent players operating in the metal casting market include: