시장보고서
상품코드
1845971

기성품 중고 가구 시장 : 제품 유형별, 용도별, 지역별(2024-2031년)

Off-The-Shelf Second Hand Furniture Market By Product Type (Kitchen Furniture, Dining Furniture), Application (Residential, Commercial), & Region for 2024-2031

발행일: | 리서치사: Verified Market Research | 페이지 정보: 영문 202 Pages | 배송안내 : 2-3일 (영업일 기준)

    
    
    



※ 본 상품은 영문 자료로 한글과 영문 목차에 불일치하는 내용이 있을 경우 영문을 우선합니다. 정확한 검토를 위해 영문 목차를 참고해주시기 바랍니다.

기성품 중고 가구 시장 평가 - 2024-2031

환경 의식의 고조는 친환경 관행에 대한 수요를 촉진하고 기성품 중고 가구 채택을 장려하고 있습니다. 절약과 업사이클링 트렌드의 인기가 높아지면서 시장 규모는 2024년 161억 3,000만 달러를 돌파하고 2031년까지 약 326억 3,000만 달러의 가치에 도달할 것으로 예상됩니다.

여기에 더해, 새롭고 품질이 낮은 옵션에 비해 오래되고 잘 만들어진 가구가 더 높은 품질이라는 인식이 구매자를 끌어들여 기성품 중고 가구의 채택에 박차를 가하고 있습니다. 온라인 플랫폼과 앱의 성장으로 중고 가구의 매매가 용이해지면서 2024년부터 2031년까지 연평균 10.16%의 CAGR로 시장이 성장할 것입니다.

기성품 중고 가구 시장 : 정의 및 개요

기성품 중고 가구란 주문 제작 없이 바로 구매할 수 있는 중고 가구를 말합니다. 이 제품들은 보통 이전 소유자, 위탁 판매점 또는 중고 옷가게에서 조달되며, 원래의 디자인과 상태를 그대로 반영하는 상태로 제공됩니다. 이 시장에는 빈티지, 골동품부터 최근 중고품까지 다양한 종류의 가구가 포함됩니다.

중고 가구는 일반 주택, 사무실, 임대주택 등 다양한 곳에서 사용되고 있습니다. 새 가구를 대체할 수 있는 가성비 높은 대안으로, 예산을 줄여 가구를 구비하고자 하는 개인이나 기업에서 선호하고 있습니다. 또한, 환경에 개성과 매력을 더하는 유니크한 아이템이나 빈티지 아이템에 관심이 있는 사람, 지속가능한 생활 습관을 중시하는 사람들에게도 그 매력이 확산되고 있습니다.

환경 의식의 증가와 경제적 이점으로 인해 중고 가구의 미래는 유망합니다. 온라인 플랫폼은 접근성과 편의성을 높이고, 순환경제 트렌드와 친환경적 관행은 시장을 더욱 활성화시킬 것으로 보입니다. 이는 중고 가구의 마케팅과 판매에 혁신을 가져올 것으로 보입니다.

노동력 관리는 어떻게 기성품 중고 가구의 채용을 증가시킬 수 있을까?

환경에 대한 인식과 지속가능성에 대한 관심이 높아지면서 기성품 중고 가구 시장을 주도하고 있습니다. 소비자들은 이산화탄소 배출을 줄이고 폐기물을 최소화하기 위해 환경 친화적인 선택을 요구하고 있습니다. 이러한 추세는 순환 경제의 원칙에 부합하며, 가구의 재사용과 재활용을 장려하고 있습니다. 미국 환경보호청에 따르면 2018년 매립된 가구 및 가구는 968만 톤에 달해 중고 시장이 폐기물을 줄일 수 있는 잠재력이 있음을 보여줍니다. 예를 들어, 가구 소매 대기업인 이케아는 2024년 2월, 가구의 순환 이용을 촉진하고 환경 부하를 줄이기 위해 미국 내 모든 매장으로 매입 및 재판매 프로그램을 확대한다고 발표했습니다.

비용 의식과 가격 대비 만족스러운 쇼핑을 하고자 하는 욕구를 포함한 경제적 요인도 기성품 중고 가구 시장의 중요한 촉진요인입니다. 소비자들, 특히 젊은 세대와 예산에 민감한 사람들은 저렴한 가격으로 가구를 구입하기 위해 중고품으로 눈을 돌리고 있습니다. 미국 노동 통계국의 보고서에 따르면, 2022년 소비자 1인당 가구에 대한 연간 평균 지출은 607달러로, 보다 저렴한 대안을 찾는 시장이 상당히 크다는 것을 알 수 있습니다. 예를 들어, 웨이페어는 2024년 3월 자사 E-Commerce 플랫폼에 중고 가구 전용 섹션을 개설하여 엄선된 품질 검사를 거친 중고 가구를 경쟁력 있는 가격으로 제공하고 있습니다.

온라인 마켓플레이스와 디지털 플랫폼의 등장은 구매자와 판매자의 접근성과 편의성을 높여 기성품 중고 가구 시장을 크게 성장시켰습니다. 이러한 플랫폼은 중고 가구의 매매 프로세스를 간소화하고, 시장 범위를 지역 사회 이상으로 확장하고 있습니다. 유럽연합 집행위원회의 '디지털 경제 사회 지수 2023'에 따르면, EU 인터넷 사용자의 73%가 온라인 쇼핑에 참여하고 있으며, 중고품 거래에 참여하는 계층이 증가하고 있다고 보고했습니다.

기성품 중고 가구의 품질 문제가 그 응용을 억제할 것인가?

품질에 대한 우려는 기성품 중고 가구 시장에 큰 영향을 미칠 수 있습니다. 중고품에는 눈에 보이는 마모나 흠집, 또는 눈에 보이지 않는 숨겨진 결함이 있는 경우가 많습니다. 이러한 가구 상태에 대한 투명성 부족은 잠재적인 구매자를 주저하게 만들고 품질이 보장 된 새 가구의 신뢰성을 선호합니다.

재고 문제도 문제입니다. 중고 가구의 재고는 예측할 수 없는 경우가 많으며, 재고량에 차이가 있고, 특정 스타일과 브랜드에 대한 선택이 제한적일 수 있습니다. 이러한 일관성 부족은 구매자가 특정 아이템과 일치하는 세트를 원하는 구매자를 자극하여 재고가 더 예측 가능한 새 가구를 선택하도록 유도합니다.

위생과 안전에 대한 우려도 시장을 억제하는 요인으로 작용하고 있습니다. 잠재적 구매자는 해충이나 이전 사용으로 인한 비위생적인 상태 등 중고 가구의 청결에 대해 걱정할 수 있습니다. 이러한 우려는 위생과 안전을 우선시하는 소비자의 발목을 잡아 중고품 구매 의향에 영향을 미칠 수 있습니다.

가치에 대한 인식도 시장 성장에 영향을 미칠 수 있습니다. 중고 가구는 신품에 비해 품질이 떨어지거나 선호도가 낮다고 여겨지는 경우가 있습니다. 이러한 인식은 내구성과 낡은 디자인에 대한 우려에서 비롯되기도 하며, 중고품보다 신품의 매력과 보증을 선호하는 소비자도 있습니다.

목차

제1장 세계의 기성품 중고 가구 시장 소개

  • 시장 개요
  • 조사 범위
  • 가정

제2장 주요 요약

제3장 VERIFIED MARKET RESEARCH 조사 방법

  • 데이터 마이닝
  • 밸리데이션
  • 1차 자료
  • 데이터 소스 리스트

제4장 세계의 기성품 중고 가구 시장 전망

  • 개요
  • 시장 역학
    • 성장 촉진요인
    • 성장 억제요인
    • 기회
  • Porter's Five Forces 모델
  • 밸류체인 분석

제5장 세계의 기성품 중고 가구 시장 : 제품 유형별

  • 개요
  • 주방 가구
  • 다이닝 가구
  • 리빙룸용 가구
  • 욕실용 가구
  • 실내용 가구
  • 야외용 가구

제6장 세계의 기성품 중고 가구 시장 : 용도별

  • 개요
  • 주거용
  • 상업용

제7장 세계의 기성품 중고 가구 시장 : 지역별

  • 개요
  • 북미
    • 미국
    • 캐나다
    • 멕시코
  • 유럽
    • 독일
    • 영국
    • 프랑스
    • 기타 유럽
  • 아시아태평양
    • 중국
    • 일본
    • 인도
    • 기타 아시아태평양
  • 세계 기타 지역
    • 라틴아메리카
    • 중동 및 아프리카

제8장 세계의 기성품 중고 가구 시장 경쟁 구도

  • 개요
  • 각사의 시장 순위
  • 주요 발전 전략

제9장 기업 개요

  • Craiglist
  • Etsy
  • London Aerons
  • Beveraly Hills Chairs
  • IKEA
  • Steelcase
  • eBay Inc.
  • Rework Chicago
  • Amazon

제10장 부록

  • 관련 조사
KSM 25.10.29

OFF-THE-SHELF Second Hand Furniture Market Valuation - 2024-2031

Growing environmental awareness drives demand for eco-friendly practices are propelling the adoption of off-the-shelf second hand furniture. The rising popularity of thrift and upcycling trends is driving the market size surpass USD 16.13 Billion valued in 2024 to reach a valuation of around USD 32.63 Billion by 2031.

In addition to this, perceptions of higher quality in older, well-made furniture compared to some new, lower-quality options attract buyers is spurring up the adoption of off-the-shelf second hand furniture. The growth of online platforms and apps has made it easier to buy and sell pre-owned furniture is enabling the market to grow at a CAGR of 10.16% from 2024 to 2031.

OFF-THE-SHELF Second Hand Furniture Market: Definition/ Overview

Off-the-shelf second-hand furniture refers to pre-owned furniture items that are readily available for purchase without custom modifications. These items are typically sourced from previous owners, consignment stores, or thrift shops and are offered as-is, reflecting their original design and condition. This market includes a diverse range of furniture types, from vintage and antique pieces to more recent, gently used items.

Second-hand furniture is commonly used in various settings, including residential homes, offices, and rental properties. It serves as a cost-effective alternative to new furniture, catering to individuals and businesses looking to furnish spaces on a budget. The appeal also extends to those interested in unique or vintage items that add character and charm to their environments, as well as those committed to sustainable living practices.

The future of second-hand furniture is promising due to rising environmental awareness and financial benefits. Online platforms will enhance accessibility and convenience, while circular economy trends and eco-friendly practices will boost the market. This will drive innovation in the marketing and selling of second-hand furniture.

How will Workforce Management Increase Adoption of Off-The-Shelf Second Hand Furniture?

The growing environmental awareness and sustainability concerns are driving the Off-The-Shelf second hand furniture market. Consumers are increasingly seeking eco-friendly options to reduce their carbon footprint and minimize waste. This trend aligns with circular economy principles, encouraging the reuse and recycling of furniture items. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 9.68 million tons of furniture and furnishings were landfilled in 2018, highlighting the potential for second-hand markets to reduce waste. For instance, IKEA, a major furniture retailer, announced in February 2024 the expansion of its buyback and resell program to all U.S. stores, aiming to promote furniture circularity and reduce environmental impact.

Economic factors, including cost-consciousness and the desire for value-for-money purchases, are another significant driver of the Off-The-Shelf second hand furniture market. Consumers, particularly younger generations and budget-conscious individuals, are turning to second-hand options to furnish their homes affordably. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that in 2022, the average annual expenditure on furniture per consumer unit was $607, indicating a substantial market for more affordable alternatives. For instance, Wayfair launched in March 2024 a dedicated second-hand furniture section on its e-commerce platform, offering curated, quality-checked used furniture at competitive prices.

The rise of online marketplaces and digital platforms has significantly boosted the Off-The-Shelf second hand furniture market by increasing accessibility and convenience for buyers and sellers. These platforms have streamlined the process of buying and selling used furniture, expanding the market reach beyond local communities. The European Commission's Digital Economy and Society Index 2023 reported that 73% of EU internet users engaged in online shopping, with a growing segment participating in second-hand goods transactions.

Will Quality Concerns of Off-The-Shelf Second Hand Furniture Restrain Its Application?

Quality concerns can significantly impact the off-the-shelf second-hand furniture market. Pre-owned items often come with visible wear and tear, or hidden defects that may not be immediately apparent. This lack of transparency regarding the furniture's condition can make potential buyers hesitant, preferring the reliability of new furniture with guaranteed quality.

Availability issues are another challenge. The inventory of second-hand furniture is often unpredictable, with varying stock levels and limited choices in specific styles or brands. This inconsistency can frustrate buyers who are seeking particular items or matching sets, leading them to choose new furniture with more predictable availability.

Hygiene and safety concerns also play a role in restraining the market. Potential buyers may worry about the cleanliness of pre-owned furniture, including issues like pests or unsanitary conditions from previous use. Such concerns can deter consumers who prioritize hygiene and safety, impacting their willingness to purchase second-hand items.

Perceptions of value can affect market growth as well. Second-hand furniture is sometimes viewed as being of lower quality or less desirable compared to new items. This perception can stem from concerns about durability or outdated designs, causing some consumers to prefer the appeal and assurance of brand-new furniture over pre-owned options.

Category-Wise Acumens

Will Rise in Adoption of Cloud-Based Solutions Drive Off-The-Shelf Second Hand Furniture Market?

Living room furniture has emerged as the dominant segment in the OFF-THE-SHELF Second Hand Furniture Market, driven by consumers' desire to refresh their primary living spaces cost-effectively. Sofas, coffee tables, and entertainment units are particularly popular items in this category, as they often retain value and functionality over time. According to the U.S. Census Bureau's American Housing Survey, in 2021, 93.8% of occupied housing units had living rooms, underlining the ubiquity and importance of these spaces. In a recent development, Chairish, a leading online marketplace for vintage and used furniture, reported in January 2024 a 40% increase in living room furniture listings, with sofas being the most sought-after item.

The trend towards open-plan living and the increasing focus on home entertainment have further solidified living room furniture's dominance in the second-hand market. Consumers are seeking versatile, stylish pieces that can adapt to various living arrangements and social activities. The U.S. Department of Energy's Residential Energy Consumption Survey found that in 2020, Americans spent an average of 8.9 hours per day at home in their living spaces, highlighting the importance of comfortable and functional living room furniture. Responding to this trend, Apartment Therapy, a popular home and decor website, launched in March 2024 a curated second-hand living room furniture collection in partnership with various resale platforms, offering carefully selected pieces to meet the growing demand.

The rise of remote work and the consequent need for multi-functional living spaces has also contributed to the dominance of living room furniture in the second-hand market. Consumers are seeking adaptable pieces that can serve both relaxation and work purposes. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that in 2022, 27.8% of employed persons worked from home on an average day, indicating a significant shift in home usage patterns.

Which Factors Enhance the Use of Off-The-Shelf Second Hand Furniture in Large Enterprises?

The residential segment has emerged as the dominant force in the Off-The-Shelf second hand furniture market, driven by homeowners and renters seeking affordable and unique pieces to furnish their living spaces. This trend is particularly strong among younger generations and first-time homebuyers looking to balance style with budget-friendly options. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the homeownership rate in the United States was 65.9% as of the fourth quarter of 2023, indicating a substantial market for residential furniture. For instance, Kaiyo, an online marketplace for pre-owned furniture, announced in February 2024 a 60% year-over-year increase in residential furniture sales, with a particular surge in demand for living room and bedroom pieces.

The growing focus on sustainability and environmental consciousness among homeowners has further solidified the residential segment's dominance in the second-hand furniture market. Consumers are increasingly aware of the environmental impact of fast furniture and are opting for pre-owned pieces as a more eco-friendly alternative. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reported that in 2018, only 0.3% of furniture and furnishings were recycled, highlighting the potential for second-hand markets to reduce waste. For instance, Etsy launched in March 2024 a dedicated section for vintage and second-hand residential furniture, featuring curated collections from verified sellers and emphasizing the sustainability aspect of choosing pre-owned pieces.

Country/Region-wise Acumens

Will Growing Environmental Awareness in North America Drive OFF-THE-SHELF Second Hand Furniture Market Growth?

North America is emerging as the dominant region in the OFF-THE-SHELF Second Hand Furniture Market, driven by a strong culture of consumerism coupled with growing environmental awareness. The region's well-established e-commerce infrastructure and high internet penetration rates have facilitated the growth of online platforms for buying and selling used furniture. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, retail e-commerce sales in the United States reached USD 1,034.1 Billion in 2022, showcasing the potential for online second-hand furniture transactions. For instance, Chairish, a leading online marketplace for vintage and used furniture, announced in January 2024 that its North American sales had grown by 35% year-over-year, with a particular surge in demand for mid-century modern pieces.

The economic factors, including inflation and cost-of-living concerns, have further solidified North America's position in the second-hand furniture market. Consumers are increasingly turning to pre-owned options to furnish their homes affordably without compromising on quality or style. Statistics Canada reported that in 2022, 30% of Canadians had purchased second-hand goods, including furniture, indicating a significant market for used items. For instance, Wayfair launched in March 2024 a dedicated second-hand furniture section on its North American e-commerce platform, offering curated, quality-checked used furniture at competitive prices.

The growing focus on sustainability and circular economy principles in North America has also contributed to the region's dominance in the Off-The-Shelf second hand furniture market. Governments and businesses are increasingly promoting furniture reuse and recycling initiatives. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency stated that in 2018, 9.68 million tons of furniture and furnishings were landfilled, highlighting the potential for second-hand markets to reduce waste.

Will Rise of E-Commerce and Mobile Shopping Platforms Enhance Adoption of OFF-THE-SHELF Second Hand Furniture in Asia Pacific?

The Asia Pacific region is experiencing rapid growth in the OFF-THE-SHELF Second Hand Furniture Market, driven by urbanization, a burgeoning middle class, and increasing environmental awareness. Countries like China, India, and Japan are seeing a surge in demand for affordable, pre-owned furniture as young professionals and first-time homeowners seek cost-effective solutions. According to China's National Bureau of Statistics, the country's second-hand goods trading market reached 1.25 trillion yuan (USD 193 Billion) in 2020, with furniture being a significant category. For instance, Alibaba's second-hand marketplace, Idle Fish (Xianyu), reported in February 2024 a 50% year-over-year increase in furniture listings, with a particular focus on urban millennials and Gen Z consumers.

The rise of e-commerce and mobile shopping platforms has significantly contributed to the growth of the second-hand furniture market in Asia Pacific. These digital marketplaces have made it easier for buyers and sellers to connect, expanding the reach of the second-hand market beyond local communities. India's Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology reported that the country's e-commerce market is expected to reach USD 200 Billion by 2026, with a growing segment dedicated to second-hand goods. For instance, OLX, a popular online classifieds platform, launched in March 2024 a dedicated "Certified Pre-Owned Furniture" category in its Asian markets, offering quality-checked used furniture with warranty options to build consumer trust.

Competitive Landscape

The OFF-THE-SHELF Second Hand Furniture Market is a dynamic and competitive space, characterized by a diverse range of players vying for market share. These players are on the run for solidifying their presence through the adoption of strategic plans such as collaborations, mergers, acquisitions, and political support.

The organizations are focusing on innovating their product line to serve the vast population in diverse regions. Some of the prominent players operating in the OFF-THE-SHELF Second Hand Furniture Market include:

  • Goodwill Industries
  • The Salvation Army
  • Habitat for Humanity ReStores
  • ThredUp
  • Poshmark
  • Facebook Marketplace
  • Craigslist
  • OfferUp
  • Letgo (now integrated with OfferUp)
  • eBay
  • Chairish

1stdibs

  • Sotheby's Home
  • Furnishings by Design
  • Restoration Hardware Outlet
  • The RealReal
  • AptDeco
  • Kaiyo
  • Urban Outfitters Marketplace
  • Reclaimed Wood Exchange

Latest Developments

  • In June 2023, Facebook Marketplace expanded its dedicated section for second-hand furniture, introducing enhanced search filters and a new verification process for sellers to improve transaction safety.
  • In September 2023, Habitat for Humanity ReStores introduced a new e-commerce platform, allowing customers to browse and purchase second-hand furniture online with local delivery options.
  • In February 2024, OfferUp partnered with a logistics company to offer nationwide delivery of second-hand furniture, making it easier for users to buy and sell large items across longer distances.

OFF-THE-SHELF Second Hand Furniture Market, By Category

  • Product Type:
  • Kitchen Furniture
  • Dining Furniture
  • Living Room Furniture
  • Bathroom Furniture
  • Indoor Furniture
  • Outdoor Furniture
  • Application:
  • Residential
  • Commercial
  • Region:
  • North America
  • Europe
  • Asia-Pacific
  • South America
  • Middle East & Africa

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION OF GLOBAL OFF-THE-SHELF SECOND HAND FURNITURE MARKET

  • 1.1 Overview of the Market
  • 1.2 Scope of Report
  • 1.3 Assumptions

2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY OF VERIFIED MARKET RESEARCH

  • 3.1 Data Mining
  • 3.2 Validation
  • 3.3 Primary Interviews
  • 3.4 List of Data Sources

4 GLOBAL OFF-THE-SHELF SECOND HAND FURNITURE MARKET OUTLOOK

  • 4.1 Overview
  • 4.2 Market Dynamics
    • 4.2.1 Drivers
    • 4.2.2 Restraints
    • 4.2.3 Opportunities
  • 4.3 Porters Five Force Model
  • 4.4 Value Chain Analysis

5 GLOBAL OFF-THE-SHELF SECOND HAND FURNITURE MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE

  • 5.1 Overview
  • 5.2 Kitchen Furniture
  • 5.3 Dining Furniture
  • 5.4 Living Room Furniture
  • 5.5 Bathroom Furniture
  • 5.6 Indoor Furniture
  • 5.7 Outdoor Furniture

6 GLOBAL OFF-THE-SHELF SECOND HAND FURNITURE MARKET, BY APPLICATION

  • 6.1 Overview
  • 6.2 Residential
  • 6.3 Commercial

7 GLOBAL OFF-THE-SHELF SECOND HAND FURNITURE MARKET, BY GEOGRAPHY

  • 7.1 Overview
  • 7.2 North America
    • 7.2.1 U.S.
    • 7.2.2 Canada
    • 7.2.3 Mexico
  • 7.3 Europe
    • 7.3.1 Germany
    • 7.3.2 U.K.
    • 7.3.3 France
    • 7.3.4 Rest of Europe
  • 7.4 Asia Pacific
    • 7.4.1 China
    • 7.4.2 Japan
    • 7.4.3 India
    • 7.4.4 Rest of Asia Pacific
  • 7.5 Rest of the World
    • 7.5.1 Latin America
    • 7.5.2 Middle East & Africa

8 GLOBAL OFF-THE-SHELF SECOND HAND FURNITURE MARKET COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

  • 8.1 Overview
  • 8.2 Company Market Ranking
  • 8.3 Key Development Strategies

9 COMPANY PROFILES

  • 9.1 Craiglist
    • 9.1.1 Overview
    • 9.1.2 Financial Performance
    • 9.1.3 Product Outlook
    • 9.1.4 Key Developments
  • 9.2 Etsy
    • 9.2.1 Overview
    • 9.2.2 Financial Performance
    • 9.2.3 Product Outlook
    • 9.2.4 Key Developments
  • 9.3 London Aerons
    • 9.3.1 Overview
    • 9.3.2 Financial Performance
    • 9.3.3 Product Outlook
    • 9.3.4 Key Developments
  • 9.4 Beveraly Hills Chairs
    • 9.4.1 Overview
    • 9.4.2 Financial Performance
    • 9.4.3 Product Outlook
    • 9.4.4 Key Developments
  • 9.5 IKEA
    • 9.5.1 Overview
    • 9.5.2 Financial Performance
    • 9.5.3 Product Outlook
    • 9.5.4 Key Developments
  • 9.6 Steelcase
    • 9.6.1 Overview
    • 9.6.2 Financial Performance
    • 9.6.3 Product Outlook
    • 9.6.4 Key Developments
  • 9.7 eBay Inc.
    • 9.7.1 Overview
    • 9.7.2 Financial Performance
    • 9.7.3 Product Outlook
    • 9.7.4 Key Developments
  • 9.8 Rework Chicago
    • 9.8.1 Overview
    • 9.8.2 Financial Performance
    • 9.8.3 Product Outlook
    • 9.8.4 Key Developments
  • 9.9 Amazon
    • 9.9.1 Overview
    • 9.9.2 Financial Performance
    • 9.9.3 Product Outlook
    • 9.9.4 Key Developments

10 Appendix

  • 10.1 Related Research
샘플 요청 목록
0 건의 상품을 선택 중
목록 보기
전체삭제