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DelveInsight's "Polycythemia Vera - Market Insights, Epidemiology and Market Forecast - 2034" report delivers an in-depth understanding of the Polycythemia Vera, historical and forecasted epidemiology as well as the Polycythemia Vera market trends in the United States, EU4 (Germany, Spain, Italy, and France) and the United Kingdom, and Japan.
Polycythemia Vera market report provides current treatment practices, emerging drugs, market share of individual therapies, and current and forecasted 7MM Polycythemia Vera market size from 2020 to 2034. The report also covers current Polycythemia Vera treatment practices/algorithms and unmet medical needs to curate the best opportunities and assess the market's underlying potential.
Study Period: 2020-2034
Polycythemia Vera Overview
Polycythemia Vera is a rare condition characterized by the progressively increased number of red blood cells in the bloodstream, white blood cells (WBC), and platelets also increase in number in the affected people. Polycythemia Vera is the most common myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN). Out of all the MPNs, Polycythemia Vera is the most common and the only one in which there is an increase in RBC production.
Polycythemia Vera usually occurs at an elderly age, and patients are at a higher risk than the usual percentage, as they are more prone to the risks and other comorbidities.
Polycythemia Vera Diagnosis
The diagnosis of Polycythemia Vera is based on results from tests assessing elevations in blood counts and the presence of molecular mutations associated with the disease. The initial evaluation should include a focused clinical history, physical examination, hematocrit concentration, count of RBC, WBC, platelets, serum EPO level, and cytogenetics abnormalities.
The patient's journey begins with a referral to a hematologist. However, the current approach to diagnosing these patients is quite similar as most developing countries establish a patient's diagnosis journey using WHO criteria, which is based on a composite assessment of clinical and laboratory features, including JAK2 mutation status and serum erythropoietin level. However, when it comes to analyzing the real-world scenario in varying geographies, there are some differences in diagnostic criteria and risk stratification that other organizations in certain European countries have proposed.
For example, even though the WHO classification considers histology useful in distinguishing Polycythemia Vera from other myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), the British Society for Haematology Guideline has also cited several studies that have reported high rates of failure to reach a histological diagnosis in patients with Polycythemia Vera.
Polycythemia Vera Treatment
Based on real-world pattern analysis, patients suffering from Polycythemia Vera receive treatment with certain drugs (myelosuppressive drugs) that suppress the formation of blood cells by the marrow. A chemotherapy drug, hydroxyurea, is most often used, along with another chemotherapy drug known as busulfan. Other drugs, such as chlorambucil and radioactive phosphorous, have also been used. JAKAFI and BESREMi are the two FDA-approved drugs for treating Polycythemia Vera.
Although medication adherence can be elusive, it has been found that the patients who were prescribed injectable cytoreductive drugs had lower adherence rates than their counterparts taking oral formulations. There are many factors when it comes to lower adherence to therapies, for instance, when patients are taking too many therapies together, facing side effects, having cost concerns, and facing issues with dosing regimens.
Over the next few years, the US Polycythemia Vera Market is expected to substantially change and experience growth, as it will be dominated by two already approved products, JAKAFI and BESREMi. In contrast, we also anticipate the launch of a third product, Rusfertide, in the US market in the coming 2-3 years. Considering that the symptomatic cases of Polycythemia Vera are the one's which get diagnosed, which is around a moderate range of 60-70%, we expect the market to expand, especially as safer and more effective therapies enter the market.
As the market is derived using a patient-based model, the Polycythemia Vera epidemiology chapter in the report provides historical as well as forecasted epidemiology segmented by Total Prevalent Population of Polycythemia Vera, Prevalent Population of Polycythemia Vera Based on Symptoms, Gender-specific Prevalence of Polycythemia Vera, Prevalence of Polycythemia Vera by Gene Mutation, Prevalence of Polycythemia Vera Based on Risk, and Age-specific Prevalence of Polycythemia Vera in the 7MM covering the United States, EU4 (Germany, France, Italy, and Spain), United Kingdom, and Japan from 2020 to 2034. The total prevalent cases of Polycythemia Vera in the 7MM comprised approximately 319,500 cases in 2024 and are projected to increase during the forecasted period
The drug chapter segment of the Polycythemia Vera report encloses a detailed analysis of Polycythemia Vera marketed drugs and late-stage (Phase III, Phase II, Phase I/II, and Phase I) pipeline drugs. It also helps understand the Polycythemia Vera clinical trial details, expressive pharmacological action, agreements and collaborations, approval and patent details, advantages and disadvantages of each included drug and the latest news and press releases.
Marketed Drugs
JAKAFI/JAKAVI (ruxolitinib): Incyte/Novartis
JAKAFI/JAKAVI is an oral inhibitor of the JAK 1 and JAK 2 tyrosine kinases. It is approved for treating adult patients resistant to or intolerant of hydroxyurea. Incyte's flagship product, Jakafi, received approval as second-line therapy for Polycythemia Vera patients in December 2014 in the United States, followed by approvals in both the EU and Japan in 2015.
In December 2024, the American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and Exposition featured novel research on the long-term safety and efficacy of ruxolitinib for patients with polycythemia vera. The poster presentations in particular shed light on the superiority of ruxolitinib over hydroxyurea, and how ruxolitinib can allow patients to rely less on corticosteroids.
BESREMi (ropeginterferon alfa-2b): PharmaEssentia/AOP Orphan Pharmaceuticals
PharmaEssentia's BESREMi, a monopegylated proline interferon is a new entrant for first as well as more advanced-line Polycythemia Vera patients without symptomatic splenomegaly; it is one of the first to be approved for condition. BESREMi was approved in November 2021 in the US; meaningful sales began in 2022. Before the US launch, the drug was approved in the EU in 2019 and has been available in Germany, France, and the UK since 2020, whereas in April 2022, the drug was approved for reimbursement by Italy's National Health Service (SSN). Later in March 2023, the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare (MHLW) approved BESREMi for the treatment of Polycythemia Vera (limited to cases where existing treatments are inadequate or inappropriate).
As per news released in May 2024, BESREMi showed the greatest benefit among cytoreductive therapies in lowering the symptomatic burden of Polycythemia Vera. The results were further presented at the 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting Proceedings.
Emerging Drugs
Rusfertide (PTG-300): Protagonist Therapeutics
Rusfertide is a novel injectable synthetic mimetic of the natural hormone hepcidin that offers greater potency, solubility, and stability, which translates to better in vivo pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics characteristics and manufacturability in comparison to the natural hormone. In December 2024, the final results of rusfertide from the Phase II REVIVE trial were presented at the ASH (4559) meeting. The data demonstrated that rusfertide when added to therapeutic phlebotomy with or without cytoreductive therapy, effectively controlled erythrocytosis, provided long-term durable control of hematocrit, and reduced the need for therapeutic phlebotomy in patients with Polycythemia Vera.
According to Protagonist Therapeutics' corporate presentation published in January 2025, the company anticipates filing an NDA for rusfertide in Q4 2025, with approval expected in Q4 2026, followed by the commercialization of the product in 2027.
Bomedemstat (MK-3543 [IMG-7289]): Merck (Imago BioSciences)
Bomedemstat is an investigational small molecule, irreversible Lysine-specific Demethylase 1 (LSD1) inhibitor being developed by Merck. Bomedemstat is being evaluated in a wide range of myeloproliferative neoplasms, including essential thrombocythemia, myelofibrosis, and Polycythemia Vera. Currently, an ongoing investigator-sponsored Phase III trial evaluates bomedemstat in Polycythemia Vera patients.
In January 2023, Merck announced the successful completion of its cash tender offer through a subsidiary for all outstanding shares of common stock of Imago BioSciences. Earlier in November 2022, Merck and Imago BioSciences announced that the companies had entered into a definitive agreement.
Drug Class Insights
The existing Polycythemia Vera treatment is mainly dominated by classes such as antimetabolites, platelet-reducing agents, Interferon's, and JAK inhibitors.
JAK inhibitors have been developed following the discovery of the JAK2V617F in 2005 as the driver mutation of most non-BCR-ABL1 myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). A decade after the beginning of clinical trials, only one JAK inhibitor, Jakafi, has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for hydroxyurea-resistant or intolerant Polycythemia Vera patients since 2014. JAKAFI competes with platelet-reducing agents (Anagrelide), Interferon alpha, and BESREMi in the second line of treatment. Even though there are safety concerns regarding JAK inhibitors, we cannot misconstrue the strong uptake of Jakafi in the already treated patients with this blood disorder.
Moving onto Interferon's, BESREMi is not the first one being used in these patients, though it is the first approved interferon for Polycythemia Vera patients. For years, Pegasys has been commercially available which is present all along. Pegasys is a form of pegylated interferon that is used off-label by patients living with a myeloproliferative neoplasm. However, many patients have dealt with access and reimbursement issues as it is accessed off-label.
Moreover, the upcoming treatment landscape is poised to see further expansion after the emergence of new classes such as iron modulator, LSD1 inhibitor, Pan-HDAC inhibitor, TMPRSS6 inhibitor, TfR targeting, BCL-2 inhibitor, Immunostimulant, CK1a, and others.
Polycythemia Vera treatment in the US is entering a new era with changing dynamics. Therapeutic options for Polycythemia Vera are limited, and no cure is available. The treatment landscape was dominated by legacy, generic therapies such as HydroxyUrea, second-generation interferon, and Phlebotomy until the approval of BESREMi as both the first and second line of treatment and JAKAFI in the second line of treatment only; options for third-line treatment are still limited. Adding onto that, Low-dose aspirin and phlebotomy are recommended as first-line treatment options for patients at low risk of thrombotic events. Cytoreductive therapy (usually hydroxyurea or interferon alpha) is recommended for high-risk patients. Polycythemia Vera treatment is still inadequate, as approximately 30% of HydroxyUrea-treated patients become resistant/intolerant.
The current market has been segmented into different commonly used therapeutic classes based on the prevailing treatment pattern across the 7MM, which presents minor variations in the overall prescription pattern. JAK inhibitor, Interferons, Hepcidin mimetics, TMPRSS6 inhibitor, CK1a, BCL-2 inhibitor, and LSDI inhibitor are the major classes covered in the forecast model.
The expected launch of upcoming therapies and greater integration of early patient screening, medication in secondary care and other clinical settings, research on best methods for implementation, and an upsurge in awareness will eventually facilitate the development of effective treatment options. However, there are a few potential therapies that are being investigated for managing Polycythemia Vera. If approved, shall create a significant difference in the landscape of Polycythemia Vera in the coming years. The treatment space is expected to experience a significant impact in the coming years, owing to the increase in healthcare spending worldwide.
Key players such as Protagonist Therapeutics (rusfertide), Merck (bomedemstat), Italfarmaco (DUVYZAT), Ionis Pharmaceutical (sapablursen), Silence Therapeutics (Divesiran) and Perseus Proteomics (PPMX-T003), and others are evaluating their lead candidates in different stages of clinical development, respectively. They aim to investigate their products for the treatment of Polycythemia Vera.
Key Updates
This section focuses on the uptake rate of potential drugs expected to be launched in the market during 2020-2034. For example, for Rusfertide, although FDA rescinded its Breakthrough Designation, we expect the drug uptake to be medium-fast with a probability-adjusted peak share of 5.4% in the first line and second line, years to the peak is expected to be 7 years from the year of launch. The drug was proven to be better among all the other therapies in terms of safety and efficacy.
Polycythemia Vera Pipeline Development Activities
The report provides insights into different therapeutic candidates in Phase III, Phase II, Phase I/II, and Phase I stage. It also analyzes key players involved in developing targeted therapeutics.
Pipeline Development Activities
The report covers information on collaborations, acquisitions and mergers, licensing, and patent details for Polycythemia Vera's emerging therapies.
KOL Views
To keep up with current market trends, we take KOLs and SME's opinions working in the domain through primary research to fill the data gaps and validate our secondary research. Industry Experts contacted for insights on Polycythemia evolving treatment landscape, patient reliance on conventional therapies, patient's therapy switching acceptability, and drug uptake along with challenges related to accessibility, include Medical/scientific writers, Medical Oncologists, and Professors, Director of Hanns A. Pielenz Clinical Research Center, Director of the Myeloproliferative Disorders Research Program, Hematologists and Others.
Delveinsight's analysts connected with 50+ KOLs to gather insights; however, interviews were conducted with 15+ KOLs in the 7MM. Centers such as MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas from UT Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, Cancer Research UK Barts Centre in London, MD Anderson Cancer Center, etc., were contacted. Their opinion helps understand and validate current and emerging therapy treatment patterns or Polycythemia Vera market trends. This will support the clients in potential upcoming novel treatments by identifying the overall scenario of the market and the unmet needs.
Qualitative Analysis
We perform Qualitative and market Intelligence analysis using various approaches, such as SWOT analysis and Conjoint Analysis. In the SWOT analysis, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in terms of disease diagnosis, patient awareness, patient burden, competitive landscape, cost-effectiveness, and geographical accessibility of therapies are provided. These pointers are based on the Analyst's discretion and assessment of the patient burden, cost analysis, and existing and evolving treatment landscape.
Conjoint Analysis analyzes multiple approved and emerging therapies based on relevant attributes such as safety, efficacy, frequency of administration, route of administration, and order of entry. Scoring is given based on these parameters to analyze the effectiveness of therapy.
In efficacy, the trial's primary and secondary outcome measures are evaluated; for instance, in Polycythemia Vera trials, one of the most important primary outcome measures is the reduction in hematocrit levels to <45% while making the patient independent of Phlebotomies.
Further, the therapies' safety is evaluated wherein the acceptability, tolerability, and adverse events are majorly observed, and it sets a clear understanding of the side effects posed by the drug in the trials. In addition, the scoring is also based on the route of administration, order of entry and designation, probability of success, and the addressable patient pool for each therapy. According to these parameters, the final weightage score and the ranking of the emerging therapies are decided.
Market Access and Reimbursement
? United States
JAKAFI is distributed primarily through a network of specialty pharmacy providers that work closely with IncyteCARES and allow efficient medication delivery by mail directly to patients or the patient's pharmacy of choice. Our distribution process uses a well-established and familiar model for physicians who practice in oncology.
Over the 12 months (four quarters) for which price changes were assessed, the WAC for ruxolitinib increased by approximately 7.01%, while its estimated net price increased by 3.80%. This net price change over the assessed four quarters resulted in an estimated increase in drug spending of USD 78 million. All pricing information was obtained from SSR Health.
IncyteCARES for JAKAFI is committed to helping eligible patients get the necessary medicine. That is why certain programs are offered and may be able to connect one to others, which may help make the out-of-pocket costs more affordable if one qualifies. To qualify, one must meet certain eligibility requirements.
IncyteCARES for JAKAFI Patient Support Program
Co-pay and Coinsurance Assistance Program
Eligible patients can receive BESREMi for as little as USD 0 per month. This program covers co-pay, coinsurance, or deductible expenses for those who qualify. The patient may be eligible if they meet the requirements of having commercial (private) insurance covering BESREMi, a resident of the United States or a US territory, and a valid prescription from a US physician for BESREMi. Unavailable to patients with prescription insurance plans through federal or state healthcare programs, including but not limited to Medicare, Medicaid, TRICARE, and Veterans Health Administration. This offer is not valid for cash-paying patients whose commercial insurance does not cover BESREMi or where the plan reimburses patients for the entire cost of BESREMi.
Patient Assistance Program (PAP)
PharmaEssentia offers BESREMi at no cost to eligible individuals, including those without insurance. The patient may be eligible if they meet requirements, such as not having prescription drug coverage or insurance not covering BESREMi, being a resident of the United States or a US territory, having a valid prescription from a US physician for BESREMi, and meeting financial eligibility criteria.
Market Insights:
Epidemiology Insights:
Current Treatment Scenario, Marketed Drugs, and Emerging Therapies: