인쇄 전자 및 유연 전자 시장(2027-2037년)

Printed and flexible electronics represent a fundamental shift in how electronic functionality is made and where it can be deployed. Rather than etching rigid silicon and copper onto flat boards, this field builds sensing, computing, display, power and connectivity functions additively - printing functional inks and depositing thin films onto flexible, stretchable, conformable and even biodegradable substrates. The result is electronics that can bend, stretch, wrap around curved surfaces, adhere to skin, embed within textiles or laminate onto packaging, at low cost per unit area and with far less material waste than conventional fabrication.

The market has moved decisively from laboratory promise to commercial reality. Skin-worn biosensors and health patches now monitor patients and consumers continuously; smart rings and hearables have become mainstream wearables; foldable and rollable displays anchor premium consumer devices; electronic textiles weave sensing directly into clothing; and smart packaging turns everyday products into connected, traceable objects. Across automotive interiors, intelligent buildings, industrial sensing and energy harvesting, printed and flexible electronics are becoming the connective tissue of a more instrumented world.

Several forces are converging to accelerate adoption. The relentless demand for wearable, ambient and IoT devices requires form factors that rigid electronics cannot provide. Decarbonization and sustainability priorities favour additive, low-waste, low-energy manufacturing and recyclable or degradable materials. Healthcare is shifting toward continuous, remote and preventive monitoring, for which thin, comfortable, disposable sensors are ideally suited. And advances in conductive inks, printable semiconductors, flexible integrated circuits, thin-film batteries and roll-to-roll manufacturing are steadily closing the performance and cost gaps that once confined the technology to niche uses.

The sector is not without friction. Qualification timelines, standardization gaps, encapsulation and reliability challenges, and uneven adoption temper the pace in places. Yet the structural tailwinds are durable and the addressable applications keep multiplying, spanning consumer electronics, medical and wellness devices, e-textiles, energy storage and harvesting, displays, automotive, sensors, smart buildings and packaging.

This report provides a comprehensive technology and market assessment of printed, flexible and hybrid electronics across every major application area. It examines manufacturing methods, materials and components, the competitive landscape, the innovation pipeline, sustainability, investment activity and the companies shaping the field. It is designed as a decision-grade reference for materials suppliers, device makers, brand owners, investors and technology strategists navigating one of the most versatile and fast-moving areas of advanced electronics.

The Global Market for Printed and Flexible Electronics 2027-2037 is a comprehensive market and technology assessment of the printed, flexible, stretchable and hybrid electronics industry across the 2027–2037 forecast period. It spans the full value chain - manufacturing methods, materials and components, and every major application market - and profiles the companies driving commercialization. The analysis pairs detailed technology explanation with granular, segmented forecasts, SWOT analyses, market drivers, macro-trends and challenges for each application area, making it a decision-grade reference for materials suppliers, device and equipment makers, brand owners, investors and strategists.

Content covered includes:

• Market sizing and 2027–2037 revenue forecasts, segmented by application, technology and region, with growth analysis and scenario framing
• Industry context: the evolution of electronics, the wearables revolution, the market map, CES 2023–2026 innovations, investment funding and buy-outs 2024–2026, flexible hybrid electronics (FHE) and sustainability
• Manufacturing methods: printed electronics, 3D and 4D electronics, analogue and digital printing, in-mold electronics (IME), roll-to-roll (R2R), and advanced deposition and sintering
• Materials and components: component-attachment materials, conductive inks, functional and specialty inks, printable semiconductors and sensing materials, flexible substrates, flexible ICs, printed PCBs, thin-film batteries and energy harvesting
• Consumer electronics: wearable sensors and actuators, wrist-worn wearables, hearables, sleep trackers, sports and fitness, and pet, military and industrial wearables
• Medical, healthcare and wellness: electronic skin patches, wearable drug delivery, cosmetic patches, femtech, smart woundcare, smart diapers, and wearable robotics and exoskeletons
• Electronic textiles (e-textiles) and smart apparel, energy storage and harvesting, printed and flexible displays and lighting, automotive electronics, printed sensors, smart buildings and construction, and smart packaging
• Supply-chain analysis, an ecosystem market map, and 650+ company profiles across consumer, medical, gaming and entertainment, e-textiles, and energy storage

Companies profiled include Abbott Laboratories, Ampcera, Anthro Energy, Asahi Kasei, Ateios Systems, Avegant, BeFC, Bekaert, binder, BioIntelliSense, Biolinq, Bittium, Blue Current, Blue Spark Technologies, Bosch Sensortec, Brewer Science, Canatu, CeQur, Corsano Health, Covestro AG, Dexcom, DiaMonTech, Digid, Directa Plus, Dispelix, Dracula Technologies, DuPont, E Ink, Elephantech, Enfucell, Ensurge Micropower, Epicore Biosystems, Epishine, Epson, Exeger, FlexEnable, Forster Rohner, Google, Grapheal, HeiQ Materials, Henkel, Heraeus Epurio, Hexoskin, Huawei, Hummink, InnovationLab, Innovega, Insulet, InuRu, iRhythm, i-SENS, ISORG, Jade Bird Display, Jenax, Kopin, Kupros, Lenovo, LetinAR, LionVolt, Lumus, Magic Leap, Maxell, Meta Platforms, MICLEDI, Microsoft, Molex, Murata, Myant, NextFlex, Nextiles, Nippon Mektron, Nippon Paper Group, Nissha, Optomec, OQmented, Oura Health, Peratech, PKvitality, PragmatIC Semiconductor, Prologium, QD Laser, Quad Industries, RealWear, Rokid, Sakuu, Samsung Electronics, Samsung SDI, Saralon, Sekisui Polymatech, Senseonics, Sibel Health, SmartKem, Spiber Technologies, STMicroelectronics, Sun Chemical, TDK, Teijin, Toray Industries, Toyobo, TracXon B.V., TriLite, Ultrahuman, UNIGRID, Varta, Versarien, VitalConnect, VivaLNK, Vuzix, Wearable Devices, West Pharmaceutical Services, Wiliot, Withings, Xiaomi, Xreal, Xsensio, Ynvisible and more.......

Table of Contents

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• 1.1 Printed and Flexible Electronics Market-Growth Outweighs Uncertainty
• 1.2 The evolution of electronics
• 1.3 What is printed/flexible electronics?
  • 1.3.1 Motivation for use
  • 1.3.2 From rigid to flexible and stretchable
    • 1.3.2.1 Stretchable electronics
    • 1.3.2.2 Stretchable electronics in wearables
    • 1.3.2.3 Stretchable electronics in Medical devices
    • 1.3.2.4 Stretchable electronics in sensors
    • 1.3.2.5 Stretchable electronics in energy harvesting
    • 1.3.2.6 Stretchable artificial skin
• 1.4 Markets for printed and flexible electronics
  • 1.4.1 Macro-trends
  • 1.4.2 Healthcare and wellness
  • 1.4.3 Automotive
  • 1.4.4 Buildings and construction
  • 1.4.5 Energy storage and harvesting
  • 1.4.6 E-Textiles
  • 1.4.7 Consumer electronics
  • 1.4.8 Smart packaging and logistics
  • 1.4.9 Extended reality (XR)
• 1.5 The wearables revolution
• 1.6 The wearable tech market in
• 1.7 Continuous monitoring
• 1.8 Market map for printed and flexible electronics
• 1.9 Wearable market leaders
• 1.10 Role in the metaverse
• 1.11 Wearable electronics in the textiles industry
• 1.12 New conductive materials
• 1.13 Entertainment
• 1.14 Market growth
  • 1.14.1 Printed, flexible and hyrbid products
  • 1.14.2 Future growth
  • 1.14.3 Advanced materials as a market driver
  • 1.14.4 Growth in remote health monitoring and diagnostics
• 1.15 Innovations at CES 2023-2026
• 1.16 Investment funding and buy-outs 2024-2026
• 1.17 Flexible hybrid electronics (FHE)
• 1.18 Sustainability in flexible electronics
• 1.19 Global market revenues, 2027-2037
  • 1.19.1 Consumer electronics
  • 1.19.2 Medical & healthcare
  • 1.19.3 E-textiles and smart apparel
  • 1.19.4 Displays
  • 1.19.5 Automotive
  • 1.19.6 Smart buildings
  • 1.19.7 Smart packaging
  • 1.19.8 Extended reality (XR)
  • 1.19.9 Neural interfaces and AI-ambient wearables

2 MANUFACTURING METHODS

• 2.1 Comparative analysis
• 2.2 Printed electronics
  • 2.2.1 Technology description
  • 2.2.2 SWOT analysis
• 2.3 3D electronics
  • 2.3.1 Technology description
  • 2.3.2 SWOT analysis
• 2.4 Analogue printing
  • 2.4.1 Technology description
  • 2.4.2 SWOT analysis
• 2.5 Digital printing
  • 2.5.1 Technology description
  • 2.5.2 SWOT analysis
• 2.6 In-mold electronics (IME)
  • 2.6.1 Technology description
  • 2.6.2 SWOT analysis
• 2.7 Roll-to-roll (R2R)
  • 2.7.1 Technology description
  • 2.7.2 SWOT analysis
• 2.8 4D electronics (shape-morphing additive manufacturing)
• 2.9 Advanced deposition and sintering
  • 2.9.1 Photonic and pulsed-light sintering
  • 2.9.2 Direct-ink writing / extrusion
  • 2.9.3 Imprint and nano-imprint lithography
  • 2.9.4 Laser-induced graphene (LIG) patterning
  • 2.9.5 Slot-die coating for PV and perovskites
• 2.10 Other emerging deposition and patterning methods

3 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS

• 3.1 Component attachment materials
  • 3.1.1 Conductive adhesives
  • 3.1.2 Biodegradable adhesives
  • 3.1.3 Magnets
  • 3.1.4 Bio-based solders
  • 3.1.5 Bio-derived solders
  • 3.1.6 Recycled plastics
  • 3.1.7 Nano adhesives
  • 3.1.8 Shape memory polymers
  • 3.1.9 Photo-reversible polymers
  • 3.1.10 Conductive biopolymers
  • 3.1.11 Traditional thermal processing methods
  • 3.1.12 Low temperature solder
  • 3.1.13 Reflow soldering
  • 3.1.14 Induction soldering
  • 3.1.15 UV curing
  • 3.1.16 Near-infrared (NIR) radiation curing
  • 3.1.17 Photonic sintering/curing
  • 3.1.18 Hybrid integration
• 3.2 Conductive inks
  • 3.2.1 Overview
  • 3.2.2 Technology readiness of conductive-ink types
  • 3.2.3 Metal-based conductive inks
  • 3.2.4 Nanoparticle inks
  • 3.2.5 Silver inks
  • 3.2.6 Particle-Free conductive ink
  • 3.2.7 Copper inks
  • 3.2.8 Gold (Au) ink
  • 3.2.9 Conductive polymer inks
  • 3.2.10 Liquid metals
  • 3.2.11 Companies
• 3.3 Functional and specialty inks
  • 3.3.1 Dielectric and insulating inks
  • 3.3.2 Piezoelectric and ferroelectric inks
  • 3.3.3 Electroluminescent inks and phosphors
  • 3.3.4 Electrochromic and thermochromic inks
  • 3.3.5 Quantum-dot inks
  • 3.3.6 Perovskite inks
  • 3.3.7 Magnetic and ferrite inks
  • 3.3.8 Thermoelectric inks
  • 3.3.9 Resistive inks (PTC, NTC and carbon resistor)
  • 3.3.10 Two-dimensional materials beyond graphene
  • 3.3.11 Nanocellulose and bio-based substrates
  • 3.3.12 Bioresorbable and transient conductors
  • 3.3.13 Self-healing polymers
  • 3.3.14 Solid and printed electrolytes
  • 3.3.15 Liquid-metal inks and gels (EGaIn, Galinstan)
  • 3.3.16 MXene inks
• 3.4 Printable semiconductors
  • 3.4.1 Technology overview
  • 3.4.2 Advantages and disadvantages
  • 3.4.3 SWOT analysis
• 3.5 Printable sensing materials
  • 3.5.1 Overview
  • 3.5.2 Types
  • 3.5.3 SWOT analysis
• 3.6 Flexible Substrates
  • 3.6.1 Flexible plastic substrates
    • 3.6.1.1 Types of materials
    • 3.6.1.2 Flexible (bio) polyimide PCBs
  • 3.6.2 Paper substrates
    • 3.6.2.1 Overview
  • 3.6.3 Glass substrates
    • 3.6.3.1 Overview
  • 3.6.4 Textile substrates
• 3.7 Flexible Integrated Circuits (Ics)
  • 3.7.1 Description
  • 3.7.2 Flexible metal oxide ICs
  • 3.7.3 Comparison of flexible integrated circuit technologies
  • 3.7.4 SWOT analysis
• 3.8 Printed PCBs
  • 3.8.1 Description
  • 3.8.2 High-Speed PCBs
  • 3.8.3 Flexible PCBs
  • 3.8.4 3D Printed PCBs
  • 3.8.5 Sustainable PCBs
• 3.9 Thin film batteries
  • 3.9.1 Technology description
  • 3.9.2 SWOT analysis
• 3.10 Energy harvesting
  • 3.10.1 Approaches
  • 3.10.2 Perovskite photovoltaics
  • 3.10.3 Applications
  • 3.10.4 SWOT analysis

4 PRINTED AND FLEXIBLE CONSUMER ELECTRONICS

• 4.1 Macro-trends
• 4.2 Market drivers and trends
• 4.3 SWOT analysis
• 4.4 Wearable sensors
• 4.5 Wearable actuators
• 4.6 Recent market developments
  • 4.6.1 The rise of screenless wearables
  • 4.6.2 Extended reality and smart glasses break out
  • 4.6.3 AI-ambient wearables and consumer neurotechnology
  • 4.6.4 AI-native health sensing goes mainstream
• 4.7 Wrist-worn wearables
  • 4.7.1 Overview
  • 4.7.2 Sports-watches, smart-watches and fitness trackers
    • 4.7.2.1 Sensing
    • 4.7.2.2 Actuating
  • 4.7.3 SWOT analysis
  • 4.7.4 Health monitoring
  • 4.7.5 Energy harvesting for powering smartwatches
  • 4.7.6 Companies and products
• 4.8 Sports and fitness
  • 4.8.1 Overview
  • 4.8.2 Wearable devices and apparel
  • 4.8.3 Skin patches
  • 4.8.4 Companies and products
• 4.9 Hearables
  • 4.9.1 Technology overview
  • 4.9.2 Assistive Hearables
    • 4.9.2.1 Biometric Monitoring
  • 4.9.3 SWOT analysis
  • 4.9.4 Health & Fitness Hearables
    • 4.9.4.1 Overview
    • 4.9.4.2 Products
  • 4.9.5 Multimedia Hearables
    • 4.9.5.1 Overview
    • 4.9.5.2 Products
  • 4.9.6 Artificial Intelligence (AI)
    • 4.9.6.1 Overview
    • 4.9.6.2 Products
  • 4.9.7 Companies and products
• 4.10 Sleep trackers and wearable monitors
  • 4.10.1 Built in function in smart watches and fitness trackers
  • 4.10.2 Smart rings
  • 4.10.3 Headbands
  • 4.10.4 Sleep monitoring devices
    • 4.10.4.1 Companies and products
• 4.11 Pet and animal wearables
  • 4.11.1 Overview
  • 4.11.2 Products
• 4.12 Military wearables
  • 4.12.1 Overview
  • 4.12.2 Applications
• 4.13 Industrial and workplace monitoring
  • 4.13.1 Overview
  • 4.13.2 Products
• 4.14 Global market forecasts
  • 4.14.1 Volume
  • 4.14.2 Revenues
• 4.15 Market challenges

5 PRINTED AND FLEXIBLE MEDICAL AND HEALTHCARE/WELLNESS ELECTRONICS

• 5.1 Macro-trends
• 5.2 Market drivers
• 5.3 SWOT analysis
• 5.4 Current state of the art
  • 5.4.1 Electrochemical biosensors
  • 5.4.2 Skin patches for continuous monitoring
  • 5.4.3 Printed pH sensors
  • 5.4.4 Wearable medical device products
  • 5.4.5 Temperature and respiratory rate monitoring
  • 5.4.6 Multi-analyte and continuous biochemical sensing
  • 5.4.7 Cuffless and continuous blood-pressure monitoring
  • 5.4.8 Neural interfaces and bioelectronic medicine
  • 5.4.9 AI and closed-loop systems
  • 5.4.10 Microneedle and intradermal sensing
  • 5.4.11 Ingestible and implantable bioelectronics
  • 5.4.12 Regulatory and reimbursement landscape
• 5.5 Wearable and health monitoring and rehabilitation
  • 5.5.1 Market overview
  • 5.5.2 Companies and products
• 5.6 Electronic skin patches
  • 5.6.1 Electronic skin sensors
  • 5.6.2 Conductive hydrogels for soft and flexible electronics
  • 5.6.3 Nanomaterials-based devices
  • 5.6.4 Liquid metal alloys
  • 5.6.5 Conductive hydrogels for soft and flexible electronics
  • 5.6.6 Printed and flexible batteries
    • 5.6.6.1 Overview
    • 5.6.6.2 Companies and products
  • 5.6.7 Materials
    • 5.6.7.1 Summary of advanced materials
  • 5.6.8 SWOT analysis
  • 5.6.9 Temperature and respiratory rate monitoring
    • 5.6.9.1 Market overview
    • 5.6.9.2 Companies and products
  • 5.6.10 Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)
    • 5.6.10.1 Market overview
    • 5.6.10.2 Minimally-invasive CGM sensors
      • 5.6.10.2.1 Technologies
    • 5.6.10.3 Non-invasive CGM sensors
      • 5.6.10.3.1 Commercial devices
      • 5.6.10.3.2 Companies and products
  • 5.6.11 Cardiovascular monitoring
    • 5.6.11.1 Market overview
    • 5.6.11.2 ECG sensors
      • 5.6.11.2.1 Companies and products
    • 5.6.11.3 PPG sensors
      • 5.6.11.3.1 Companies and products
  • 5.6.12 Pregnancy and newborn monitoring
    • 5.6.12.1 Market overview
    • 5.6.12.2 Companies and products
  • 5.6.13 Hydration sensors
    • 5.6.13.1 Market overview
    • 5.6.13.2 Companies and products
  • 5.6.14 Wearable sweat sensors (medical and sports)
    • 5.6.14.1 Market overview
    • 5.6.14.2 Companies and products
• 5.7 Wearable drug delivery
  • 5.7.1 Overview
  • 5.7.2 Companies and products
• 5.8 Cosmetics patches
  • 5.8.1 Overview
  • 5.8.2 Companies and products
• 5.9 Femtech devices
  • 5.9.1 Overview
  • 5.9.2 Companies and products
• 5.10 Smart footwear for health monitoring
  • 5.10.1 Overview
  • 5.10.2 Companies and products
• 5.11 Smart contact lenses and smart glasses for visually impaired
  • 5.11.1 Overview
  • 5.11.2 Companies and products
• 5.12 Smart woundcare
  • 5.12.1 Overview
  • 5.12.2 Companies and products
• 5.13 Smart diapers
  • 5.13.1 Overview
  • 5.13.2 Companies and products
• 5.14 Wearable robotics-exo-skeletons, bionic prostheses, exo-suits, and body worn collaborative robots
  • 5.14.1 Overview
    • 5.14.1.1 Medical and rehabilitation exoskeletons
    • 5.14.1.2 Industrial exosuits
    • 5.14.1.3 Bionic prostheses
    • 5.14.1.4 Body-worn collaborative robots and supernumerary limbs
  • 5.14.2 Companies and products
• 5.15 Global market forecasts
  • 5.15.1 Volume
  • 5.15.2 Revenues
• 5.16 Market challenges

6 ELECTRONIC TEXTILES (E-TEXTILES) AND SMART APPAREL

• 6.1 Macro-trends
• 6.2 Market drivers
• 6.3 SWOT analysis
• 6.4 Performance requirements for E-textiles
• 6.5 Growth prospects for electronic textiles
  • 6.5.1 Fourth-generation e-textiles
• 6.6 Textiles in the Internet of Things
• 6.7 Types of E-Textile products
  • 6.7.1 Embedded e-textiles
  • 6.7.2 Laminated e-textiles
• 6.8 Materials and components
  • 6.8.1 Integrating electronics for E-Textiles
    • 6.8.1.1 Textile-adapted
    • 6.8.1.2 Textile-integrated
    • 6.8.1.3 Textile-based
  • 6.8.2 Manufacturing of E-textiles
    • 6.8.2.1 Integration of conductive polymers and inks
    • 6.8.2.2 Integration of conductive yarns and conductive filament fibers
    • 6.8.2.3 Integration of conductive sheets
  • 6.8.3 Flexible and stretchable electronics in E-textiles
  • 6.8.4 E-textiles materials and components
    • 6.8.4.1 Conductive and stretchable fibers and yarns
      • 6.8.4.1.1 Production
      • 6.8.4.1.2 Metals
      • 6.8.4.1.3 Carbon materials and nanofibers
        • 6.8.4.1.3.1 Graphene
        • 6.8.4.1.3.2 Carbon nanotubes
        • 6.8.4.1.3.3 Nanofibers
    • 6.8.4.2 Mxenes
    • 6.8.4.3 Hexagonal boron-nitride (h-BN)/Bboron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs)
    • 6.8.4.4 Conductive polymers
      • 6.8.4.4.1 PDMS
      • 6.8.4.4.2 PEDOT: PSS
      • 6.8.4.4.3 Polypyrrole (PPy)
      • 6.8.4.4.4 Conductive polymer composites
      • 6.8.4.4.5 Ionic conductive polymers
    • 6.8.4.5 Conductive inks
    • 6.8.4.6 Electronic filaments
    • 6.8.4.7 Phase change materials
      • 6.8.4.7.1 Temperature controlled fabrics
    • 6.8.4.8 Metal halide perovskites
    • 6.8.4.9 3D printing
      • 6.8.4.9.1 Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)
      • 6.8.4.9.2 Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)
      • 6.8.4.9.3 Products
    • 6.8.4.10 4D-printed and shape-morphing textiles
  • 6.8.5 E-textiles components
    • 6.8.5.1 Sensors and actuators
      • 6.8.5.1.1 Physiological sensors
      • 6.8.5.1.2 Environmental sensors
      • 6.8.5.1.3 Pressure sensors
        • 6.8.5.1.3.1 Flexible capacitive sensors
        • 6.8.5.1.3.2 Flexible piezoresistive sensors
        • 6.8.5.1.3.3 Flexible piezoelectric sensors
      • 6.8.5.1.4 Activity sensors
      • 6.8.5.1.5 Strain sensors
        • 6.8.5.1.5.1 Resistive sensors
        • 6.8.5.1.5.2 Capacitive strain sensors
      • 6.8.5.1.6 Temperature sensors
      • 6.8.5.1.7 Inertial measurement units (IMUs)
    • 6.8.5.2 Electrodes
    • 6.8.5.3 Connectors
• 6.9 Applications, markets and products
  • 6.9.1 Temperature monitoring and regulation
    • 6.9.1.1 Heated clothing
    • 6.9.1.2 Heated gloves
    • 6.9.1.3 Heated insoles
    • 6.9.1.4 Heated jacket and clothing products
    • 6.9.1.5 Materials used in flexible heaters and applications
  • 6.9.2 Stretchable E-fabrics
  • 6.9.3 Therapeutic products
    • 6.9.3.1 Market overview
  • 6.9.4 Sport & fitness
    • 6.9.4.1 Market overview
    • 6.9.4.2 Products
  • 6.9.5 Smart footwear
    • 6.9.5.1 Market overview
    • 6.9.5.2 Companies and products
  • 6.9.6 Wearable displays
    • 6.9.6.1 Market overview
    • 6.9.6.2 Commercial Examples
  • 6.9.7 Military
  • 6.9.8 Textile-based lighting
  • 6.9.9 Smart gloves
  • 6.9.10 Powering E-textiles
    • 6.9.10.1 Advantages and disadvantages of main battery types for E-textiles
    • 6.9.10.2 Challenges for battery integration in smart textiles
    • 6.9.10.3 Textile supercapacitors
    • 6.9.10.4 Energy harvesting
      • 6.9.10.4.1 Photovoltaic solar textiles
        • 6.9.10.4.1.1 TENGs
        • 6.9.10.4.1.2 PENGs
      • 6.9.10.4.2 Radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting
  • 6.9.11 Motion capture for AR/VR
• 6.10 Global market forecasts
  • 6.10.1 Volume
  • 6.10.2 Revenues
• 6.11 Market challenges
• 6.12 Companies

7 PRINTED AND FLEXIBLE ENERGY STORAGE AND HARVESTING

• 7.1 Macro-trends
• 7.2 Market drivers
• 7.3 SWOT analysis
• 7.4 Applications of printed and flexible electronics
• 7.5 Flexible and stretchable batteries for electronics
• 7.6 Approaches to flexibility
• 7.7 Flexible Battery Technologies
  • 7.7.1 Thin-film Lithium-ion Batteries
    • 7.7.1.1 Flexible planar LiBs
    • 7.7.1.2 Flexible Fiber LiBs
    • 7.7.1.3 Flexible micro-LiBs
    • 7.7.1.4 Stretchable lithium-ion batteries
    • 7.7.1.5 Origami and kirigami lithium-ion batteries
    • 7.7.1.6 Flexible Li/S batteries
    • 7.7.1.7 Flexible lithium-manganese dioxide (Li–MnO2) batteries
  • 7.7.2 Printed Batteries
    • 7.7.2.1 Components
    • 7.7.2.2 Design
    • 7.7.2.3 Key features
      • 7.7.2.3.1 Printable current collectors
      • 7.7.2.3.2 Printable electrodes
      • 7.7.2.3.3 Materials
      • 7.7.2.3.4 Applications
      • 7.7.2.3.5 Printing techniques
      • 7.7.2.3.6 Lithium-ion (LIB) printed batteries
      • 7.7.2.3.7 Zinc-based printed batteries
      • 7.7.2.3.8 3D Printed batteries
        • 7.7.2.3.8.1 Materials for 3D printed batteries
  • 7.7.3 Thin-Film Solid-state Batteries
    • 7.7.3.1 Solid-state electrolytes
    • 7.7.3.2 Features and advantages
    • 7.7.3.3 Microbatteries
      • 7.7.3.3.1 Introduction
      • 7.7.3.3.2 3D designs
  • 7.7.4 Stretchable Batteries
  • 7.7.5 Other Emerging Technologies
    • 7.7.5.1 Metal-sulfur batteries
    • 7.7.5.2 Flexible zinc-based batteries
    • 7.7.5.3 Flexible silver–zinc (Ag–Zn) batteries
    • 7.7.5.4 Flexible Zn–Air batteries
    • 7.7.5.5 Flexible zinc-vanadium batteries
    • 7.7.5.6 Fiber-shaped batteries
    • 7.7.5.7 Transparent batteries
      • 7.7.5.7.1 Components
    • 7.7.5.8 Degradable batteries
      • 7.7.5.8.1 Components
• 7.8 Key Components of Flexible Batteries
  • 7.8.1 Electrodes
    • 7.8.1.1 Cable-type batteries
    • 7.8.1.2 Batteries-on-wire
  • 7.8.2 Electrolytes
  • 7.8.3 Separators
  • 7.8.4 Current Collectors
  • 7.8.5 Packaging of printed and flexible batteries
    • 7.8.5.1 Flexible Pouch Cells
    • 7.8.5.2 Encapsulation Materials
  • 7.8.6 Manufacturing of flexible batteries
• 7.9 Performance Metrics and Characteristics
  • 7.9.1 Energy Density
  • 7.9.2 Power Density
  • 7.9.3 Cycle Life
  • 7.9.4 Flexibility and Bendability
• 7.10 Printed supercapacitors
  • 7.10.1 Electrode materials
  • 7.10.2 Electrolytes
• 7.11 Photovoltaics
  • 7.11.1 Conductive pastes
  • 7.11.2 Organic photovoltaics (OPV)
  • 7.11.3 Perovskite PV
  • 7.11.4 Flexible and stretchable photovoltaics
  • 7.11.5 Companies
  • 7.11.6 Photovoltaic solar textiles
  • 7.11.7 Solar tape
  • 7.11.8 Origami-like solar cells
  • 7.11.9 Spray-on and stick-on perovskite photovoltaics
• 7.12 Transparent and flexible heaters
  • 7.12.1 Technology overview
  • 7.12.2 Applications
    • 7.12.2.1 Automotive Industry
      • 7.12.2.1.1 Defrosting and Defogging Systems
      • 7.12.2.1.2 Heated Windshields and Mirrors
      • 7.12.2.1.3 Touch Panels and Displays
    • 7.12.2.2 Aerospace and Aviation
      • 7.12.2.2.1 Aircraft Windows and Canopies
      • 7.12.2.2.2 Sensor and Camera Housings
    • 7.12.2.3 Consumer Electronics
      • 7.12.2.3.1 Smartphones and Tablets
      • 7.12.2.3.2 Wearable Devices
      • 7.12.2.3.3 Smart Home Appliances
    • 7.12.2.4 Building and Architecture
      • 7.12.2.4.1 Smart Windows
      • 7.12.2.4.2 Heated Glass Facades
      • 7.12.2.4.3 Greenhouse and Skylight Applications
    • 7.12.2.5 Medical and Healthcare
      • 7.12.2.5.1 Incubators and Warming Beds
      • 7.12.2.5.2 Surgical Microscopes and Endoscopes
      • 7.12.2.5.3 Medical Imaging Equipment
    • 7.12.2.6 Display Technologies
      • 7.12.2.6.1 LCD Displays
      • 7.12.2.6.2 OLED Displays
      • 7.12.2.6.3 Flexible and Transparent Displays
    • 7.12.2.7 Energy Systems
      • 7.12.2.7.1 Solar Panels (De-icing and Efficiency Enhancement)
      • 7.12.2.7.2 Fuel Cells
      • 7.12.2.7.3 Battery Systems
• 7.13 Thermoelectric energy harvesting
• 7.14 Market challenges
• 7.15 Global market forecasts
  • 7.15.1 Volume
  • 7.15.2 Revenues
• 7.16 Companies

8 PRINTED AND FLEXIBLE DISPLAYS

• 8.1 Macro-trends
• 8.2 Market drivers
• 8.3 SWOT analysis
• 8.4 Printed and flexible display prototypes and products
• 8.5 Display types
  • 8.5.1 Organic LCDs (OLCDs)
  • 8.5.2 Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs)
  • 8.5.3 Inorganic LEDs
  • 8.5.4 Flexible AMOLEDs
  • 8.5.5 Flexible PMOLED (Passive Matrix OLED)
  • 8.5.6 Printed OLEDs
  • 8.5.7 Flexible and foldable mini-LED and microLED
    • 8.5.7.1 Product developers
  • 8.5.8 Flexible QD displays
  • 8.5.9 Flexible electrophoretic displays
  • 8.5.10 Electrowetting displays
  • 8.5.11 Electrochromic displays
  • 8.5.12 Perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs)
  • 8.5.13 Metamaterials
    • 8.5.13.1 Metasurfaces
      • 8.5.13.1.1 Flexible metasurfaces
      • 8.5.13.1.2 Meta-Lens
      • 8.5.13.1.3 Metasurface holograms
  • 8.5.14 Transparent displays
    • 8.5.14.1 Products
    • 8.5.14.2 Stretchable displays
• 8.6 Foldable smartphones
  • 8.6.1 Market Overview
• 8.7 Foldable laptops, tablets and other displays
  • 8.7.1 Market Overview
• 8.8 Flexible lighting
  • 8.8.1 Overview
  • 8.8.2 Applications and markets
    • 8.8.2.1 Flexible lighting in automotive
  • 8.8.3 FHE for large area lighting
  • 8.8.4 Directly printed LED lighting
  • 8.8.5 Companies
• 8.9 Global market forecasts
  • 8.9.1 Volume
  • 8.9.2 Revenues
• 8.10 Market challenges
• 8.11 Companies

9 PRINTED AND FLEXIBLE AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRONICS

• 9.1 Macro-trends
• 9.2 Market drivers
• 9.3 SWOT analysis
• 9.4 Applications
  • 9.4.1 Electric vehicles
    • 9.4.1.1 Applications
    • 9.4.1.2 Battery monitoring and heating
    • 9.4.1.3 Printed temperature sensors and heaters
  • 9.4.2 HMI
  • 9.4.3 Automotive displays and lighting
    • 9.4.3.1 Interiors
      • 9.4.3.1.1 OLED and flexible displays
      • 9.4.3.1.2 Passive-matrix OLEDs
      • 9.4.3.1.3 Active matrix OLED
      • 9.4.3.1.4 Transparent OLED for heads-up displays
      • 9.4.3.1.5 LCD displays
      • 9.4.3.1.6 Curved displays
        • 9.4.3.1.6.1 Overview
        • 9.4.3.1.6.2 Automotive applications
        • 9.4.3.1.6.3 Companies
      • 9.4.3.1.7 Micro-LEDs in automotive displays
        • 9.4.3.1.7.1 Head-up display (HUD)
        • 9.4.3.1.7.2 Headlamps
        • 9.4.3.1.7.3 Product developers
    • 9.4.3.2 Exteriors
  • 9.4.4 In-Mold Electronics
  • 9.4.5 Printed and flexible sensors
    • 9.4.5.1 Capacitive sensors
    • 9.4.5.2 Flexible and stretchable pressure sensors
    • 9.4.5.3 Piezoresistive sensors
    • 9.4.5.4 Piezoelectric sensors
    • 9.4.5.5 Image sensors
      • 9.4.5.5.1 Materials and technologies
  • 9.4.6 Printed heaters
    • 9.4.6.1 Printed car seat heaters
    • 9.4.6.2 Printed/flexible interior heaters
    • 9.4.6.3 Printed on-glass heater
    • 9.4.6.4 Carbon nanotube transparent conductors
    • 9.4.6.5 Metal mesh transparent conductors
    • 9.4.6.6 3D shaped transparent heaters
    • 9.4.6.7 Direct heating
    • 9.4.6.8 Transparent heaters
  • 9.4.7 Transparent antennas
• 9.5 Global market forecasts
  • 9.5.1 Volume
  • 9.5.2 Revenues
• 9.6 Market challenges
• 9.7 Companies

10 PRINTED AND FLEXIBLE SENSORS

• 10.1 Market overview
• 10.2 Printed piezoresistive sensors
  • 10.2.1 Technology overview
  • 10.2.2 Applications
    • 10.2.2.1 Automotive
    • 10.2.2.2 Consumer electronics
    • 10.2.2.3 Medical
    • 10.2.2.4 Inventory management
    • 10.2.2.5 Industrial applications
• 10.3 Printed piezoelectric sensors
  • 10.3.1 Technology overview
  • 10.3.2 Applications
• 10.4 Printed photodetectors
  • 10.4.1 Technology overview
  • 10.4.2 Applications
    • 10.4.2.1 Image Sensors
    • 10.4.2.2 Biometrics
    • 10.4.2.3 Flexible X-ray detectors
    • 10.4.2.4 Healthcare and Wearables
    • 10.4.2.5 Inventory Management
• 10.5 Printed temperature sensors
  • 10.5.1 Technology overview
  • 10.5.2 Applications
    • 10.5.2.1 Automotive
    • 10.5.2.2 Monitoring Systems
    • 10.5.2.3 Consumer Electronics
• 10.6 Printed strain sensors
  • 10.6.1 Technology overview
  • 10.6.2 Applications
    • 10.6.2.1 Industrial health monitoring
    • 10.6.2.2 Motion Capture for AR/VR
    • 10.6.2.3 Healthcare and Medical
• 10.7 Printed Gas Sensors
  • 10.7.1 Technology overview
  • 10.7.2 Applications
    • 10.7.2.1 Outdoor Pollution Monitoring
    • 10.7.2.2 Indoor Air Quality
    • 10.7.2.3 Automotive
    • 10.7.2.4 Breath Diagnostics
• 10.8 Printed capacitive sensors
  • 10.8.1 Technology overview
  • 10.8.2 Applications
    • 10.8.2.1 3D electronics
    • 10.8.2.2 In-mold Electronics
    • 10.8.2.3 Hybrid Sensors
    • 10.8.2.4 Flexible Displays
    • 10.8.2.5 Automotive HMI
    • 10.8.2.6 Wearables and AR/VR
    • 10.8.2.7 Other Applications
• 10.9 Printed wearable electrodes
  • 10.9.1 Technology overview
  • 10.9.2 Applications
    • 10.9.2.1 Wearable EMG
    • 10.9.2.2 Skin Patches and E-Textiles
• 10.10 Printed humidity sensors
• 10.11 Printed electrochemical (bio)sensors
• 10.12 Printed magnetic/Hall sensors
• 10.13 Printed ultrasonic/acoustic sensors
• 10.14 Global market forecasts
  • 10.14.1 Volume
  • 10.14.2 Revenues
• 10.15 Companies

11 PRINTED AND FLEXIBLE SMART BUILDINGS AND CONSTRUCTION ELECTRONICS

• 11.1 Macro-trends
• 11.2 Market drivers
• 11.3 SWOT analysis
• 11.4 Applications
  • 11.4.1 Industrial asset tracking/monitoring with hybrid electronics
  • 11.4.2 Customizable interiors
  • 11.4.3 Sensors
    • 11.4.3.1 Capacitive sensors
    • 11.4.3.2 Temperature and humidity sensors
    • 11.4.3.3 Sensors for air quality
    • 11.4.3.4 Magnetostrictive sensors
    • 11.4.3.5 Magneto- and electrorheological fluids
    • 11.4.3.6 CO2 sensors for energy efficient buildings
  • 11.4.4 Building integrated transparent antennas
  • 11.4.5 Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS)
  • 11.4.6 Industrial monitoring
• 11.5 Global market forecasts
  • 11.5.1 Revenues
• 11.6 Companies

12 SMART PACKAGING ELECTRONICS

• 12.1 What is Smart Packaging?
• 12.2 Flexible hybrid electronics (FHE)
• 12.3 Printed batteries and antennas
• 12.4 Flexible silicon integrated circuits
• 12.5 Natural materials in packaging
• 12.6 Extruded conductive pastes and inkjet printing
• 12.7 Displays and light-emitting electronics for smart and interactive packaging
  • 12.7.1 Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs)
  • 12.7.2 Electroluminescent (EL) displays and lighting
  • 12.7.3 Electrophoretic displays (E-paper / EPD)
  • 12.7.4 Electrochromic displays
  • 12.7.5 Printed and flexible LEDs
• 12.8 Active packaging
• 12.9 Intelligent packaging
  • 12.9.1 Smart Cards
  • 12.9.2 Temperature Indicators
  • 12.9.3 Freshness Indicators
  • 12.9.4 Gas Indicators
• 12.10 SWOT analysis
• 12.11 Supply chain management
  • 12.11.1 Improving product freshness and extending shelf life
  • 12.11.2 Brand protection and anti-counterfeiting
• 12.12 Printed and flexible electronics in packaging
  • 12.12.1 FHE with printed batteries and antennas for smart packaging
  • 12.12.2 Printed codes and markings
  • 12.12.3 Barcodes (D)
  • 12.12.4 D data matrix codes
  • 12.12.5 Quick response (QR) codes
  • 12.12.6 Augmented reality (AR) codes
  • 12.12.7 Sensors and indicators
    • 12.12.7.1 Freshness Indicators
    • 12.12.7.2 Time-temperature indicator labels (TTIs)
    • 12.12.7.3 Natural colour formulation indicator
    • 12.12.7.4 Thermochromic inks
    • 12.12.7.5 Gas indicators
    • 12.12.7.6 Chemical Sensors
    • 12.12.7.7 Electrochemical-Based Sensors
    • 12.12.7.8 Optical-Based Sensors
    • 12.12.7.9 Biosensors
      • 12.12.7.9.1 Electrochemical-Based Biosensors
      • 12.12.7.9.2 Optical-Based Biosensors
    • 12.12.7.10 Edible Sensors
  • 12.12.8 Antennas
    • 12.12.8.1 Radio frequency identification (RFID)
      • 12.12.8.1.1 RFID technologies
      • 12.12.8.1.2 Market overview
      • 12.12.8.1.3 RFID market size
      • 12.12.8.1.4 RFID tags: applications, products, TRL
      • 12.12.8.1.5 RFID power classes
      • 12.12.8.1.6 Passive RFID
      • 12.12.8.1.7 Active RFID
        • 12.12.8.1.7.1 Real Time Locating Systems (RTLS)
        • 12.12.8.1.7.2 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN)
      • 12.12.8.1.8 Chipless RFID or Flexible/Printed IC Passive tags
      • 12.12.8.1.9 RAIN (UHF RFID) Smart Packaging
    • 12.12.8.2 Semi-passive (battery-assisted passive, BAP) tags
    • 12.12.8.3 Near-field communications (NFC)
    • 12.12.8.4 Smart blister packs
• 12.13 Global market forecasts
  • 12.13.1 Volume
  • 12.13.2 Revenues
• 12.14 Companies

13 COMPANY PROFILES-CONSUMER ELECTRONICs (144 company profiles)

14 COMPANY PROFILES-MEDICAL AND HEALTHCARE (312 company profiles)

15 COMPANY PROFILES-GAMING AND ENTERTAINMENT (78 company profiles)

16 COMPANY PROFILES- ELECTRONIC TEXTILES (E-TEXTILES) AND SMART APPAREL (116 company profiles)

17 COMPANY PROFILES-ENERGY STORAGE AND HARVESTING (43 company profiles)

18 REFERENCES