½ÃÀ庸°í¼­
»óÇ°ÄÚµå
1649409

´ç ¾ËÄÚ¿Ã ½ÃÀå - ¿¹Ãø(2025-2030³â)

Sugar Alcohol Market - Forecasts from 2025 to 2030

¹ßÇàÀÏ: | ¸®¼­Ä¡»ç: Knowledge Sourcing Intelligence | ÆäÀÌÁö Á¤º¸: ¿µ¹® 143 Pages | ¹è¼Û¾È³» : 1-2ÀÏ (¿µ¾÷ÀÏ ±âÁØ)

    
    
    



¡Ø º» »óÇ°Àº ¿µ¹® ÀÚ·á·Î Çѱ۰ú ¿µ¹® ¸ñÂ÷¿¡ ºÒÀÏÄ¡ÇÏ´Â ³»¿ëÀÌ ÀÖÀ» °æ¿ì ¿µ¹®À» ¿ì¼±ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Á¤È®ÇÑ °ËÅ並 À§ÇØ ¿µ¹® ¸ñÂ÷¸¦ Âü°íÇØÁֽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù.

´ç¾ËÄÚ¿Ã ½ÃÀåÀº ¿¬Æò±Õ 5.05% ¼ºÀåÇÏ¿© 2025³â 106¾ï 1,300¸¸ ´Þ·¯¿¡¼­ 2030³â¿¡´Â 135¾ï 7,800¸¸ ´Þ·¯ ±Ô¸ð¿¡ À̸¦ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¿¹»óµË´Ï´Ù.

´ç ¾ËÄÚ¿Ã ¶Ç´Â Æú¸®¿ÃÀº ¼ö¼Ò ÷°¡¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ´ç¿¡¼­ ¾òÀº ź¼öÈ­¹° ±â¹Ý °¨¹Ì·áÀ̸ç, ±âÁ¸ÀÇ ¼³ÅÁÀ» ´ëüÇÏ´Â ÀúÄ®·Î¸®, ÀúÇ÷´ç °¨¹Ì·á¸¦ Á¦°øÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ½ÄÇ°, ½ÄÇ° ¹× Á¦¾à ¾÷°è¿¡¼­ ³Î¸® ÀÌ¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ¼ÒºñÀÚÀÇ °Ç°­ ÀǽÄÀÌ ³ô¾ÆÁü¿¡ µû¶ó ¼ö¿ä°¡ ±ÞÁõÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Àúź¼öÈ­¹° ´ÙÀ̾îÆ®ÀÇ ÀαⰡ ³ô¾ÆÁö°í ºñ¸¸°ú ´ç´¢º´¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ì·Á°¡ ³ô¾ÆÁö¸é¼­ ½ÃÀåÀ» ´õ¿í °­È­ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

ÁÖ¿ä ½ÃÀå ¼ºÀå ÃËÁø¿äÀÎ

  • ´ç´¢º´°ú ºñ¸¸ÀÇ ¸¸¿¬: ´ç´¢º´ÀÇ ÀÌȯÀ²ÀÌ ³î¶ó¿ï Á¤µµ·Î ³ô¾Æ(¼¼°è¿¡¼­ 2,930¸¸¸íÀÌ Áø´ÜµÇ°í, 970¸¸¸íÀÌ ¹ÌÁø´Ü), ºñ¸¸À¸·Î ÀÎÇØ ¼ÒºñÀÚµéÀº ´õ °Ç°­ÇÑ ½Ä´Ü ¼±ÅÃÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¼³ÅÁ ¼·Ãë°¡ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Áúº´°ú Á¡Á¡ ´õ °ü·ÃµÇ¾î Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ´ç ¾ËÄڿðú °°Àº ÀúÄ®·Î¸® ´ëü ½ÄÇ°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼ö¿ä°¡ Áõ°¡ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
  • °Ç°­ Áß½ÉÀÇ ¶óÀÌÇÁ½ºÅ¸ÀÏ: ¿µ¾ç°¡ ÀÖ´Â Å»´ç Á¦Ç°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼ÒºñÀÚÀÇ ¼±È£µµ º¯È­´Â ´ë»çÀÇ °Ç°­ À§Çè¿¡ °üÇÑ °è¹ß Ä·ÆäÀΰú ÇÔ²² äÅÃÀ» °¡¼ÓÈ­ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

Áö¸®Àû ÅëÂû

  • ºÏ¹Ì´Â °Ç°­ ÁöÇâÀûÀÎ ¶óÀÌÇÁ ½ºÅ¸ÀÏ·ÎÀÇ Àû±ØÀûÀÎ º¯È­¿Í ´ç´¢º´°ú ºñ¸¸ÀÇ ³ôÀº À¯º´·ü¿¡ ¹Ð·Á ½ÃÀåÀÇ ¼ºÀåÀ» À̲ø°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ Áö¿ªÀÇ °ß°íÇÑ Á¦Ç° Çõ½Å°ú ¼³ÅÁÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ¼±ÅÃÀÇ ´Ù¾ç¼ºÀº ±× ÀÌÁ¡À» ´õ¿í °ß°íÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µì´Ï´Ù.

ÀÌ ±ËÀûÀº ´ë»ç °Ç°­À» ÀǽÄÇÏ´Â ½Ã´ë¿¡ °¨¹Ì¿Í °Ç°­ÀÇ ±ÕÇüÀ» ¸ÂÃ߸鼭 Çö´ë ½Ä»ýÈ°ÀÇ °úÁ¦¿¡ ´ëóÇϴµ¥ À־ ´ç ¾ËÄÚ¿ÃÀÌ ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ´ã´çÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ½À» °­Á¶ÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

ÀÌ º¸°í¼­¸¦ ±¸ÀÔÇÏ´Â ÀÌÀ¯

  • ÅëÂû·Â ÀÖ´Â ºÐ¼® : ÁÖ¿ä Áö¿ª»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ½ÅÈï Áö¿ªµµ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿© °í°´ ºÎ¹®, Á¤ºÎ Á¤Ã¥ ¹× »çȸ °æÁ¦ ¿äÀÎ, ¼ÒºñÀÚ ¼±È£, »ê¾÷º° ¹× ±âŸ ÇÏÀ§ ºÎ¹®¿¡ ÃÊÁ¡À» ¸ÂÃá »ó¼¼ÇÑ ½ÃÀå ÀλçÀÌÆ®À» ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
  • °æÀï ±¸µµ : ¼¼°è ÁÖ¿ä ±â¾÷ÀÌ Ã¤ÅÃÇÑ Àü·«Àû Àü·«À» ÀÌÇØÇÏ°í ÀûÀýÇÑ Àü·«À¸·Î ½ÃÀå ħÅõ °¡´É¼ºÀ» ÀÌÇØÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
  • ½ÃÀå µ¿Çâ°ú ÃËÁø¿äÀÎ: µ¿Àû ¿äÀΰú ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÑ ½ÃÀå µ¿Çâ, ±×¸®°í ±×µéÀÌ ÇâÈÄ ½ÃÀå Àü°³¸¦ ¾î¶»°Ô Çü¼ºÇØ ³ª°¡´ÂÁö¸¦ Ž±¸ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
  • ½ÇÇà °¡´ÉÇÑ Á¦¾È: ¿ªµ¿ÀûÀΠȯ°æ¿¡¼­ »õ·Î¿î ºñÁî´Ï½º ½ºÆ®¸²°ú ¼öÀÍÀ» ¹ß±¼Çϱâ À§ÇÑ Àü·«Àû °áÁ¤À» ³»¸®±â À§ÇØ ÅëÂû·ÂÀ» È°¿ëÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
  • Æø³ÐÀº ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÀÀ: ½ÅÈï±â¾÷, ¿¬±¸±â°ü, ÄÁ¼³ÅÏÆ®, Áß¼Ò±â¾÷, ´ë±â¾÷¿¡ À¯ÀÍÇÏ°í ºñ¿ë È¿À²ÀûÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

¾î¶² ¿ëµµ·Î »ç¿ëµË´Ï±î?

¾÷°è ¹× ½ÃÀå ÀλçÀÌÆ®, »ç¾÷ ±âȸ Æò°¡, Á¦Ç° ¼ö¿ä ¿¹Ãø, ½ÃÀå ÁøÃâ Àü·«, Áö¸®Àû È®´ë, ¼³ºñ ÅõÀÚ °áÁ¤, ±ÔÁ¦ ÇÁ·¹ÀÓ¿öÅ©°ú ¿µÇâ, ½ÅÁ¦Ç° °³Ã´, °æÀïÀÇ ¿µÇâ

Á¶»ç ¹üÀ§

  • 2022-2030³â°£ °ú°Å µ¥ÀÌÅÍ&¿¹Ãø
  • ¼ºÀå ±âȸ, °úÁ¦, °ø±Þ¸Á Àü¸Á, ±ÔÁ¦ üÁ¦, °í°´ Çൿ ¹× Ãß¼¼ ºÐ¼®
  • °æÀï Æ÷Áö¼Å´×, Àü·« ¹× ½ÃÀå Á¡À¯À² ºÐ¼®
  • ¼öÀÍ ¼ºÀå°ú ¿¹Ãø ±¹°¡¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ºÎ¹® ¹× Áö¿ª ºÐ¼®
  • ±â¾÷ ÇÁ·ÎÆÄÀϸµ(ƯÈ÷ ÁÖ¿ä µ¿Çâ µî)

´ç ¾ËÄÚ¿Ã ½ÃÀåÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¼¼ºÐÈ­µÈ´Ù:

À¯Çüº°

  • ¸¸´ÏÅç
  • ¼Ò¸£ºñÅç
  • ÀÚÀϸ®Åç
  • ¶ôÄ¡Åç
  • À̼Ҹ»Æ®
  • ¸ÖƼ Å丣
  • ¼ö¼Ò ÷°¡ ÀüºÐ °¡¼öºÐÇع°(HSH)
  • ±âŸ

Çüź°

  • ½Ã·´
  • ºÐ¸»
  • °áÁ¤

¿ëµµº°

  • È­ÇоàÇ°
  • ÀǾàÇ°
  • À½½Ä
  • ±âŸ

Áö¿ªº°

  • ºÏ¹Ì
  • ¹Ì±¹
  • ij³ª´Ù
  • ¸ß½ÃÄÚ
  • ³²¹Ì
  • ºê¶óÁú
  • ¾Æ¸£ÇîƼ³ª
  • ±âŸ
  • À¯·´
  • µ¶ÀÏ
  • ÇÁ¶û½º
  • ¿µ±¹
  • ÀÌÅ»¸®¾Æ
  • ±âŸ
  • Áßµ¿ ¹× ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«
  • »ç¿ìµð¾Æ¶óºñ¾Æ
  • À̽º¶ó¿¤
  • UAE
  • ±âŸ
  • ¾Æ½Ã¾ÆÅÂÆò¾ç
  • Áß±¹
  • ÀϺ»
  • Çѱ¹
  • Àεµ
  • Àεµ³×½Ã¾Æ
  • ´ë¸¸
  • ű¹
  • ±âŸ

¸ñÂ÷

Á¦1Àå ¼­·Ð

  • ½ÃÀå °³¿ä
  • ½ÃÀåÀÇ Á¤ÀÇ
  • Á¶»ç ¹üÀ§
  • ½ÃÀå ¼¼ºÐÈ­
  • ÅëÈ­
  • ÀüÁ¦Á¶°Ç
  • ±âÁØ¿¬µµ°ú ¿¹Ãø¿¬µµÀÇ Å¸ÀÓ¶óÀÎ
  • ÀÌÇØ °ü°èÀÚÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä ÀÌÁ¡

Á¦2Àå Á¶»ç ¹æ¹ý

  • Á¶»ç µðÀÚÀÎ
  • Á¶»ç °úÁ¤

Á¦3Àå ÁÖ¿ä ¿ä¾à

  • ÁÖ¿ä Á¶»ç °á°ú
  • CXOÀÇ ½ÃÁ¡

Á¦4Àå ½ÃÀå ¿ªÇÐ

  • ½ÃÀå ¼ºÀå ÃËÁø¿äÀÎ
  • ½ÃÀå ¼ºÀå ¾ïÁ¦¿äÀÎ
  • Porter's Five Forces ºÐ¼®
  • ¾÷°è ¹ë·ùüÀÎ ºÐ¼®
  • ¾Ö³Î¸®½ºÆ® º¸±â

Á¦5Àå ´ç ¾ËÄÚ¿Ã ½ÃÀå : À¯Çüº°

  • ¼Ò°³
  • ¸¸´ÏÅç
  • ¼Ò¸£ºñÅç
  • ÀÚÀϸ®Åç
  • ¶ôÄ¡Åç
  • À̼Ҹ»Æ®
  • ¸ÖƼ Å丣
  • ¼ö¼Ò ÷°¡ ÀüºÐ °¡¼öºÐÇع°(HSH)
  • ±âŸ

Á¦6Àå ´ç ¾ËÄÚ¿Ã ½ÃÀå : Çüź°

  • ¼Ò°³
  • ½Ã·´
  • ºÐ¸»
  • °áÁ¤

Á¦7Àå ´ç ¾ËÄÚ¿Ã ½ÃÀå : ¿ëµµº°

  • ¼Ò°³
  • È­ÇоàÇ°
  • ÀǾàÇ°
  • À½½Ä
  • ±âŸ

Á¦8Àå ´ç ¾ËÄÚ¿Ã ½ÃÀå : Áö¿ªº°

  • ¼Ò°³
  • ºÏ¹Ì
    • À¯Çüº°
    • Çüź°
    • ¿ëµµº°
    • ±¹°¡º°
  • ³²¹Ì
    • À¯Çüº°
    • Çüź°
    • ¿ëµµº°
    • ±¹°¡º°
  • À¯·´
    • À¯Çüº°
    • Çüź°
    • ¿ëµµº°
    • ±¹°¡º°
  • Áßµ¿ ¹× ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«
    • À¯Çüº°
    • Çüź°
    • ¿ëµµº°
    • ±¹°¡º°
  • ¾Æ½Ã¾ÆÅÂÆò¾ç
    • À¯Çüº°
    • Çüź°
    • ¿ëµµº°
    • ±¹°¡º°

Á¦9Àå °æÀï ȯ°æ°ú ºÐ¼®

  • ÁÖ¿ä ±â¾÷°ú Àü·« ºÐ¼®
  • ½ÃÀå Á¡À¯À² ºÐ¼®
  • ÇÕº´, Àμö, ÇÕÀÇ ¹× Çù¾÷
  • °æÀï ´ë½Ãº¸µå

Á¦10Àå ±â¾÷ ÇÁ·ÎÆÄÀÏ

  • ADM
  • Cargill Incorporated
  • Ingredion Incorporated
  • Tate & Lyle
  • DuPont
  • Associated British Foods Plc
  • Mitsubishi Corporation
  • Roquette
  • Gulshan Polyols
  • Santa Cruz Biotechnology
  • AVANSCHEM
  • Sasma
  • Suzhou Minghua sugar alcohol Co
  • Shouguang Hua Li Sugar Alcohol Co., Ltd
  • Spectrum Chemical Manufacturing Corp.
SHW 25.02.26

The sugar alcohol market is expected to grow at a rate of 5.05% CAGR, reaching a market size of US$13.578 billion in 2030 from US$10.613 billion in 2025.

Sugar alcohols, or polyols, are carbohydrate-based sweeteners derived from sugars through hydrogenation, offering a low-calorie, low-glycemic alternative to traditional sugar. Widely utilized in food, beverage, and pharmaceutical industries, their demand is surging due to heightened health consciousness among consumers. The market is further propelled by the growing popularity of low-carb diets and rising concerns over obesity and diabetes.

Key Market Drivers

  • Diabetes and Obesity Epidemic: Alarmingly high rates of diabetes (29.3 million diagnosed and 9.7 million undiagnosed cases globally) and obesity are driving consumers toward healthier dietary choices. As sugar intake is increasingly linked to these conditions, demand for low-calorie substitutes like sugar alcohols escalates.
  • Health-Conscious Lifestyles: Shifting consumer preferences toward nutritious, reduced-sugar products, coupled with awareness campaigns about metabolic health risks, are accelerating adoption.

Geographical Insights

  • North America leads market growth, fueled by a proactive shift toward wellness-oriented lifestyles and high prevalence of diabetes and obesity. The region's robust product innovation and diverse availability of sugar-free options further solidify its dominance.

This trajectory underscores sugar alcohols' pivotal role in addressing modern dietary challenges, balancing sweetness with health in an era of metabolic health awareness.

Reasons for buying this report:-

  • Insightful Analysis: Gain detailed market insights covering major as well as emerging geographical regions, focusing on customer segments, government policies and socio-economic factors, consumer preferences, industry verticals, other sub- segments.
  • Competitive Landscape: Understand the strategic maneuvers employed by key players globally to understand possible market penetration with the correct strategy.
  • Market Drivers & Future Trends: Explore the dynamic factors and pivotal market trends and how they will shape up future market developments.
  • Actionable Recommendations: Utilize the insights to exercise strategic decision to uncover new business streams and revenues in a dynamic environment.
  • Caters to a Wide Audience: Beneficial and cost-effective for startups, research institutions, consultants, SMEs, and large enterprises.

What do businesses use our reports for?

Industry and Market Insights, Opportunity Assessment, Product Demand Forecasting, Market Entry Strategy, Geographical Expansion, Capital Investment Decisions, Regulatory Framework & Implications, New Product Development, Competitive Intelligence

Report Coverage:

  • Historical data & forecasts from 2022 to 2030
  • Growth Opportunities, Challenges, Supply Chain Outlook, Regulatory Framework, Customer Behaviour, and Trend Analysis
  • Competitive Positioning, Strategies, and Market Share Analysis
  • Revenue Growth and Forecast Assessment of segments and regions including countries
  • Company Profiling (Strategies, Products, Financial Information, and Key Developments among others)

The sugar alcohol market has been segmented as following:

By Type

  • Mannitol
  • Sorbitol
  • Xylitol
  • Lactitol
  • Isomalt
  • Maltitol
  • Hydrogenated Starch Hydrolysates (HSH)
  • Others

By Form

  • Syrup
  • Powder
  • Crystal

By Application

  • Chemicals
  • Pharmaceuticals
  • Food & Beverages
  • Others

By Geography

  • North America
  • USA
  • Canada
  • Mexico
  • South America
  • Brazil
  • Argentina
  • Others
  • Europe
  • Germany
  • France
  • United Kingdom
  • Italy
  • Others
  • Middle East and Africa
  • Saudi Arabia
  • Israel
  • UAE
  • Others
  • Asia Pacific
  • China
  • Japan
  • South Korea
  • India
  • Indonesia
  • Taiwan
  • Thailand
  • Others

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION

  • 1.1. Market Overview
  • 1.2. Market Definition
  • 1.3. Scope of the Study
  • 1.4. Market Segmentation
  • 1.5. Currency
  • 1.6. Assumptions
  • 1.7. Base and Forecast Years Timeline
  • 1.8. Key Benefits to the Stakeholder

2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • 2.1. Research Design
  • 2.2. Research Processes

3. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

  • 3.1. Key Findings
  • 3.2. CXO Perspective

4. MARKET DYNAMICS

  • 4.1. Market Drivers
  • 4.2. Market Restraints
  • 4.3. Porter's Five Forces Analysis
    • 4.3.1. Bargaining Power of Suppliers
    • 4.3.2. Bargaining Power of Buyers
    • 4.3.3. Threat of New Entrants
    • 4.3.4. Threat of Substitutes
    • 4.3.5. Competitive Rivalry in the Industry
  • 4.4. Industry Value Chain Analysis
  • 4.5. Analyst View

5. SUGAR ALCOHOL MARKET BY TYPE

  • 5.1. Introduction
  • 5.2. Mannitol
  • 5.3. Sorbitol
  • 5.4. Xylitol
  • 5.5. Lactitol
  • 5.6. Isomalt
  • 5.7. Maltitol
  • 5.8. Hydrogenated Starch Hydrolysates (HSH)
  • 5.9. Others

6. SUGAR ALCOHOL MARKET BY FORM

  • 6.1. Introduction
  • 6.2. Syrup
  • 6.3. Powder
  • 6.4. Crystal

7. SUGAR ALCOHOL MARKET BY APPLICATION

  • 7.1. Introduction
  • 7.2. Chemicals
  • 7.3. Pharmaceuticals
  • 7.4. Food & Beverages
  • 7.5. Others

8. SUGAR ALCOHOL MARKET BY GEOGRAPHY

  • 8.1. Introduction
  • 8.2. North America
    • 8.2.1. By Type
    • 8.2.2. By Form
    • 8.2.3. By Application
    • 8.2.4. By Country
      • 8.2.4.1. USA
      • 8.2.4.2. Canada
      • 8.2.4.3. Mexico
  • 8.3. South America
    • 8.3.1. By Type
    • 8.3.2. By Form
    • 8.3.3. By Application
    • 8.3.4. By Country
      • 8.3.4.1. Brazil
      • 8.3.4.2. Argentina
      • 8.3.4.3. Others
  • 8.4. Europe
    • 8.4.1. By Type
    • 8.4.2. By Form
    • 8.4.3. By Application
    • 8.4.4. By Country
      • 8.4.4.1. Germany
      • 8.4.4.2. France
      • 8.4.4.3. United Kingdom
      • 8.4.4.4. Italy
      • 8.4.4.5. Others
  • 8.5. Middle East and Africa
    • 8.5.1. By Type
    • 8.5.2. By Form
    • 8.5.3. By Application
    • 8.5.4. By Country
      • 8.5.4.1. Saudi Arabia
      • 8.5.4.2. Israel
      • 8.5.4.3. UAE
      • 8.5.4.4. Others
  • 8.6. Asia Pacific
    • 8.6.1. By Type
    • 8.6.2. By Form
    • 8.6.3. By Application
    • 8.6.4. By Country
      • 8.6.4.1. China
      • 8.6.4.2. Japan
      • 8.6.4.3. South Korea
      • 8.6.4.4. India
      • 8.6.4.5. Indonesia
      • 8.6.4.6. Taiwan
      • 8.6.4.7. Thailand
      • 8.6.4.8. Others

9. COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT AND ANALYSIS

  • 9.1. Major Players and Strategy Analysis
  • 9.2. Market Share Analysis
  • 9.3. Mergers, Acquisitions, Agreements, and Collaborations
  • 9.4. Competitive Dashboard

10. COMPANY PROFILES

  • 10.1. ADM
  • 10.2. Cargill Incorporated
  • 10.3. Ingredion Incorporated
  • 10.4. Tate & Lyle
  • 10.5. DuPont
  • 10.6. Associated British Foods Plc
  • 10.7. Mitsubishi Corporation
  • 10.8. Roquette
  • 10.9. Gulshan Polyols
  • 10.10. Santa Cruz Biotechnology
  • 10.11. AVANSCHEM
  • 10.12. Sasma
  • 10.13. Suzhou Minghua sugar alcohol Co
  • 10.14. Shouguang Hua Li Sugar Alcohol Co., Ltd
  • 10.15. Spectrum Chemical Manufacturing Corp.
ºñ±³¸®½ºÆ®
0 °ÇÀÇ »óÇ°À» ¼±Åà Áß
»óÇ° ºñ±³Çϱâ
Àüü»èÁ¦