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시장보고서
상품코드
1526395
세계의 자발적 탄소배출권 시장 - 규모, 점유율, 동향, 산업 분석 보고서 : 프로젝트 유형별, 최종 사용자별, 지역별 시장 예측(2024-2032년)Global Voluntary Carbon Credit Market Size, Share, Trends, Industry Analysis Report: Information By Project Type, By End User, and By Region - Market Forecast, 2024 - 2032 |
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Polaris Market Research의 최신 조사에 따르면 세계 자발적 탄소배출권 시장 규모는 2032년까지 145억 6,017만 달러에 이를 전망입니다. 이 설문조사 보고서는 현재 시장 역학을 자세히 파악하고 향후 시장 성장에 대한 분석을 제공합니다.
식림, 숲 재생, 지속 가능한 토지 관리 프로젝트 등 자연 기반 솔루션에 대한 수요 증가는 시장에서 견인력을 얻고 있습니다. 이러한 노력은 탄소를 흡수 할뿐만 아니라 생물 다양성 보전과 생태계의 회복과 같은 이익도 가져옵니다. 동시에, 특히 블록체인과 데이터 분석의 기술적 향상은 탄소배출권 거래에서 추적성과 투명성을 높이고 있습니다. 블록체인 기술은 탄소배출권의 불변의 기록을 제공하고 이중 계상이나 부정 행위 등의 리스크를 줄이고 시장의 신뢰성을 높입니다.
확장되는 탄소 가격정책 메커니즘은 수익성이 높은 정부 접근 방식을 지원하는 기업의 지속가능성에 대한 노력에 대한 수요가 증가함에 따라 비즈니스 성장의 중요한 추진력이 되고 있습니다. 예를 들어, 2023년 10월 인도 정부는 이 나라가 세계 주요 탄소 등록 기관에 1,451개 프로젝트를 등록하거나 다양한 검토 단계에 있다고 발표하여 업계 전망을 강화했습니다.
게다가 사회적·환경적 의식의 고조는 정부의 정책과 규제의 진화와 함께 향후 몇 년간의 사업 확대를 촉진할 것으로 보입니다. 투자자와 소비자는 탄소 신용 프로젝트의 사회적 및 환경적 영향을 점점 더 중시하고 있습니다. 보다 광범위한 환경적, 사회적 이익을 창출하는 프로젝트는 큰 관심과 투자를 모으고 있습니다. 또한 정부 정책, 인센티브 및 규제는 자발적인 탄소 신용 시장 상황을 계속 형성하고 성장 궤도에 영향을 미칩니다.
자원 봉사 탄소 신용 시장 보고서 하이라이트
회피/삭감 프로젝트 부문은 측정 가능한 배출 감소를 달성하는 효과, 강한 기업 수요, 지지적인 규제 프레임워크, 기술 진보, 시장 신뢰성 등으로 예측 기간 동안 가장 빠른 시장 성장이 예상됩니다.
전력 카테고리는 2023년에 가장 큰 시장 점유율을 차지했으며, 엄청난 탄소 발자국, 견고한 규제 지원, 신재생에너지 기술 진보, 지속가능성 목표 달성을 목표로 하는 기업으로부터의 강한 수요가 있었습니다.
북미는 성숙한 시장 인프라, 다양한 프로젝트 유형, 기술 혁신, 정부 지원, 투자자와 소비자의 의식이 증가함에 따라 2023년에 자발적 탄소배출권 시장에서 가장 큰 점유율을 차지했습니다.
아시아태평양 자발적카본 신용시장은 기업의 헌신, 정부 지원정책, 신재생에너지 이니셔티브 확대, 지속가능성에 대한 투자자들의 관심이 높아지고 기술의 진보 등이 결합되어 예측기간 중 가장 빠른 CAGR로 성장할 것으로 예상됩니다.
목차
제1장 서론
제2장 주요 요약
제3장 조사 방법
제4장 세계 자발적 탄소 신용시장 인사이트
- 시장 현황
- 자원 봉사 탄소 신용 시장 역학
- 성장 촉진요인과 기회
- 기술의 진보가 시장의 성장을 견인하고 있다
- 탄소 상쇄 프로젝트와 관련 크레딧 수요 증가
- 억제요인과 과제
- 환경보전에 대한 우려가 시장 성장을 제한하고 있다
- 성장 촉진요인과 기회
- PESTEL 분석
- 자원 봉사 탄소 신용 시장의 최종 사용자 동향
- 밸류체인 분석
- COVID-19의 영향 분석
제5장 세계의 자발적 탄소배출권 시장 : 프로젝트 유형별
- 주요 조사 결과
- 소개
- 제거/격리 프로젝트
- 회피/삭감 프로젝트
제6장 세계의 자발적 탄소배출권 시장 : 최종 사용자별
- 주요 조사 결과
- 소개
- 항공
- 에너지
- 전력
- 건축
- 수송
- 공업
- 임업
- 기타
제7장 세계의 자발적 탄소배출권 시장 : 지역별
- 주요 조사 결과
- 소개
- 자발적 탄소 신용 시장 평가: 지역, 2019-2032년
- 북미
- 미국
- 캐나다
- 유럽
- 영국
- 프랑스
- 독일
- 이탈리아
- 스페인
- 네덜란드
- 러시아
- 기타 유럽
- 아시아태평양
- 중국
- 인도
- 말레이시아
- 일본
- 인도네시아
- 한국
- 호주
- 기타 아시아태평양
- 중동 및 아프리카
- 사우디아라비아
- 아랍에미리트(UAE)
- 이스라엘
- 남아프리카
- 기타 중동 및 아프리카
- 라틴아메리카
- 멕시코
- 브라질
- 아르헨티나
- 기타 라틴아메리카
제8장 경쟁 구도
- 확대 및 인수 분석
- 확대
- 인수
- 제휴/협업/합의/공개
제9장 기업 프로파일
- 3Degrees
- Carbon Credit Capital
- CarbonBetter
- Climate Partner GmbH
- EKI Energy Services Ltd.
- Finite Carbon
- Natureoffice GmbH
- South Pole Group
- TEM(Tasman Environmental Markets)
- Terrapass
The global voluntary carbon credit market size is expected to reach USD 14,560.17 million by 2032, according to a new study by Polaris Market Research. The report "Global Voluntary Carbon Credit Market Size, Share, Trends, Industry Analysis Report: Information By Project Type (Removal/Sequestration projects, Avoidance/Reduction projects), By End User, and By Region (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Rest Of The World) - Market Forecast, 2024 - 2032" gives a detailed insight into current market dynamics and provides analysis on future market growth.
The increasing demand for nature-based solutions, such as afforestation, reforestation, and sustainable land management projects, is acquiring traction in the market. These initiatives not only sequester carbon but also provide co-benefits like biodiversity conservation and ecosystem restoration. Concurrently, technological improvements, particularly in blockchain and data analytics, are enhancing traceability and transparency in carbon credit trading. Blockchain technology provides immutable records of carbon credits, mitigating risks like double-counting and fraud, which enhances market confidence.
The expanding carbon pricing mechanisms, coupled with the growing demand for corporate sustainability endeavors supported by profitable government approaches, are pivotal drivers of business growth. For example, in October 2023, the Government of India announced that the country has 1,451 projects registered or under various stages of consideration in the world's leading carbon registries, bolstering industry prospects.
Furthermore, increasing social and environmental awareness, alongside evolving government policies and regulations, will foster business expansion in the coming years. Investors and consumers increasingly value the social and environmental impacts of carbon credit projects. Projects that deliver broader environmental and social benefits are attracting significant attention and investment. Further, government policies, incentives, and regulations continue to shape the landscape of the voluntary carbon credit market, influencing its growth trajectory.
Voluntary Carbon Credit Market Report Highlights
The avoidance/reduction projects segment is expected to witness the fastest market during the forecast period due to its effectiveness in achieving measurable emissions reductions, strong corporate demand, supportive regulatory frameworks, technological advancements, and market credibility.
The power category accounted for the largest market share in 2023 due to its significant carbon footprint, robust regulatory support, technological advancements in renewable energy, and strong demand from corporations aiming to achieve their sustainability goals.
In 2023, North America accounted for the largest share in the voluntary carbon credit market due to mature market infrastructure, diverse project types, technological innovation, government support, and heightened awareness among investors and consumers.
The Asia-Pacific voluntary carbon credit market is expected to grow at the fastest CAGR during the forecast period, fueled by a combination of corporate commitments, supportive government policies, expanding renewable energy initiatives, increasing investor interest in sustainability, and technological advancements.
The global key market players include 3Degrees, South Pole Group, Finite Carbon, CarbonBetter, EKI Energy Services Ltd., Terrapass, Natureoffice GmbH, Carbon Credit Capital, Climate Partner GmbH, TEM (Tasman Environmental), etc.
Polaris Market Research has segmented the voluntary carbon credit market report based on project type, end-user, and region:
Voluntary Carbon Credit, Project Type Outlook (Revenue - USD Million, 2019 - 2032)
- Removal/Sequestration projects
- Avoidance/Reduction projects
Voluntary Carbon Credit, End-User Outlook (Revenue - USD Million, 2019 - 2032)
- Aviation
- Energy
- Power
- Buildings
- Transportation
- Industrial
- Forestry
- Others
Voluntary Carbon Credit, Regional Outlook (Revenue - USD Million, 2019 - 2032)
- North America
- US
- Canada
- Europe
- Germany
- France
- UK
- Italy
- Spain
- Netherlands
- Russia
- Rest of Europe
- Asia-Pacific
- China
- Japan
- India
- Malaysia
- South Korea
- Indonesia
- Australia
- Vietnam
- Rest of Asia-Pacific
- Middle East & Africa
- Saudi Arabia
- UAE
- Israel
- South Africa
- Rest of Middle East & Africa
- Latin America
- Mexico
- Brazil
- Argentina
- Rest of Latin America
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
- 1.1. Report Description
- 1.1.1. Objectives of the Study
- 1.1.2. Market Scope
- 1.1.3. Assumptions
- 1.2. Stakeholders
2. Executive Summary
- 2.1. Market Highlights
3. Research Methodology
- 3.1. Overview
- 3.1.1. Data Mining
- 3.2. Data Sources
- 3.2.1. Primary Sources
- 3.2.2. Secondary Sources
4. Global Voluntary Carbon Credit Market Insights
- 4.1. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Market Snapshot
- 4.2. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market Dynamics
- 4.2.1. Drivers and Opportunities
- 4.2.1.1. Rising technological advancements are driving the market growth
- 4.2.1.2. Rising demand for carbon offset projects and related credits
- 4.2.2. Restraints and Challenges
- 4.2.2.1. Environmental integrity concerns are limiting the growth of the market
- 4.2.1. Drivers and Opportunities
- 4.3. Porter's Five Forces Analysis
- 4.3.1. Bargaining Power of Suppliers (Moderate)
- 4.3.2. Threats of New Entrants: (Low)
- 4.3.3. Bargaining Power of Buyers (Moderate)
- 4.3.4. Threat of Substitute (Moderate)
- 4.3.5. Rivalry among existing firms (High)
- 4.4. PESTEL Analysis
- 4.5. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market End User Trends
- 4.6. Value Chain Analysis
- 4.7. COVID-19 Impact Analysis
5. Global Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type
- 5.1. Key Findings
- 5.2. Introduction
- 5.2.1. Global Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 5.3. Removal/Sequestration projects
- 5.3.1. Global Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Removal/Sequestration projects, by Region, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 5.4. Avoidance/Reduction projects
- 5.4.1. Global Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Avoidance/Reduction projects, by Region, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
6. Global Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User
- 6.1. Key Findings
- 6.2. Introduction
- 6.2.1. Global Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 6.3. Aviation
- 6.3.1. Global Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Aviation, by Region, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 6.4. Energy
- 6.4.1. Global Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Energy, by Region, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 6.5. Power
- 6.5.1. Global Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Power, by Region, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 6.6. Buildings
- 6.6.1. Global Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Buildings, by Region, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 6.7. Transportation
- 6.7.1. Global Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Transportation, by Region, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 6.8. Industrial
- 6.8.1. Global Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Industrial, by Region, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 6.9. Forestry
- 6.9.1. Global Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Forestry, by Region, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 6.10. Others
- 6.10.1. Global Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Others, by Region, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
7. Global Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Geography
- 7.1. Key Findings
- 7.2. Introduction
- 7.2.1. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market Assessment, By Geography, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.3. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - North America
- 7.3.1. North America: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.3.2. North America: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.3.3. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - U.S.
- 7.3.3.1. U.S.: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.3.3.2. U.S.: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.3.4. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Canada
- 7.3.4.1. Canada: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.3.4.2. Canada: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.4. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Europe
- 7.4.1. Europe: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.4.2. Europe: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.4.3. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - UK
- 7.4.3.1. UK: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.4.3.2. UK: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.4.4. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - France
- 7.4.4.1. France: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.4.4.2. France: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.4.5. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Germany
- 7.4.5.1. Germany: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.4.5.2. Germany: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.4.6. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Italy
- 7.4.6.1. Italy: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.4.6.2. Italy: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.4.7. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Spain
- 7.4.7.1. Spain: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.4.7.2. Spain: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.4.8. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Netherlands
- 7.4.8.1. Netherlands: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.4.8.2. Netherlands: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.4.9. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Russia
- 7.4.9.1. Russia: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.4.9.2. Russia: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.4.10. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Rest of Europe
- 7.4.10.1. Rest of Europe: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.4.10.2. Rest of Europe: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.5. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Asia Pacific
- 7.5.1. Asia Pacific: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.5.2. Asia Pacific: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.5.3. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - China
- 7.5.3.1. China: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.5.3.2. China: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.5.4. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - India
- 7.5.4.1. India: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.5.4.2. India: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.5.5. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Malaysia
- 7.5.5.1. Malaysia: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.5.5.2. Malaysia: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.5.6. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Japan
- 7.5.6.1. Japan: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.5.6.2. Japan: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.5.7. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Indonesia
- 7.5.7.1. Indonesia: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.5.7.2. Indonesia: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.5.8. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - South Korea
- 7.5.8.1. South Korea: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.5.8.2. South Korea: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.5.9. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Australia
- 7.5.9.1. Australia: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.5.9.2. Australia: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.5.10. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Rest of Asia Pacific
- 7.5.10.1. Rest of Asia Pacific: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.5.10.2. Rest of Asia Pacific: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.6. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Middle East & Africa
- 7.6.1. Middle East & Africa: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.6.2. Middle East & Africa: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.6.3. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Saudi Arabia
- 7.6.3.1. Saudi Arabia: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.6.3.2. Saudi Arabia: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.6.4. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - UAE
- 7.6.4.1. UAE: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.6.4.2. UAE: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.6.5. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Israel
- 7.6.5.1. Israel: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.6.5.2. Israel: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.6.6. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - South Africa
- 7.6.6.1. South Africa: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.6.6.2. South Africa: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.6.7. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Rest of Middle East & Africa
- 7.6.7.1. Rest of Middle East & Africa: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.6.7.2. Rest of Middle East & Africa: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.7. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Latin America
- 7.7.1. Latin America: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.7.2. Latin America: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.7.3. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Mexico
- 7.7.3.1. Mexico: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.7.3.2. Mexico: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.7.4. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Brazil
- 7.7.4.1. Brazil: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.7.4.2. Brazil: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.7.5. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Argentina
- 7.7.5.1. Argentina: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.7.5.2. Argentina: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.7.6. Voluntary Carbon Credit Market - Rest of Latin America
- 7.7.6.1. Rest of Latin America: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by Project Type, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
- 7.7.6.2. Rest of Latin America: Voluntary Carbon Credit Market, by End User, 2019-2032 (USD Million)
8. Competitive Landscape
- 8.1. Expansion and Acquisition Analysis
- 8.1.1. Expansion
- 8.1.2. Acquisitions
- 8.2. Partnerships/Collaborations/Agreements/Exhibitions
9. Company Profiles
- 9.1. 3Degrees
- 9.1.1. Company Overview
- 9.1.2. Financial Performance
- 9.1.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.1.4. Recent Development
- 9.2. Carbon Credit Capital
- 9.2.1. Company Overview
- 9.2.2. Financial Performance
- 9.2.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.2.4. Recent Development
- 9.3. CarbonBetter
- 9.3.1. Company Overview
- 9.3.2. Financial Performance
- 9.3.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.3.4. Recent Development
- 9.4. Climate Partner GmbH
- 9.4.1. Company Overview
- 9.4.2. Financial Performance
- 9.4.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.4.4. Recent Development
- 9.5. EKI Energy Services Ltd.
- 9.5.1. Company Overview
- 9.5.2. Financial Performance
- 9.5.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.5.4. Recent Development
- 9.6. Finite Carbon
- 9.6.1. Company Overview
- 9.6.2. Financial Performance
- 9.6.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.6.4. Recent Development
- 9.7. Natureoffice GmbH
- 9.7.1. Company Overview
- 9.7.2. Financial Performance
- 9.7.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.7.4. Recent Development
- 9.8. South Pole Group
- 9.8.1. Company Overview
- 9.8.2. Financial Performance
- 9.8.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.8.4. Recent Development
- 9.9. TEM (Tasman Environmental Markets)
- 9.9.1. Company Overview
- 9.9.2. Financial Performance
- 9.9.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.9.4. Recent Development
- 9.10. Terrapass
- 9.10.1. Company Overview
- 9.10.2. Financial Performance
- 9.10.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.10.4. Recent Development
