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시장보고서
상품코드
1652084
세계의 자동차용 윤활유 시장 규모, 점유율, 동향, 업계 분석 : 제품별, 차종별, 지역별 - 예측(2025-2034년)Automotive Lubricants Market Size, Share, Trends, Industry Analysis Report: By Product, Vehicle Type, and Region - Market Forecast, 2025-2034 |
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Polaris Market Research의 최신 조사에 따르면 세계의 자동차용 윤활유 시장 규모는 2034년까지 1,068억 7,000만 달러에 달할 전망입니다. 이 리포트는 현재 시장 역학의 상세 인사이트와 향후 시장 성장에 관한 분석을 제공하고 있습니다.
자동차 윤활유는 자동차 부품의 수명과 효율성을 보장하는 데 중요한 역할을 합니다. 윤활유(주로 오일과 그리스)는 엔진 및 기타 기계 부품의 마찰, 마모 및 발열을 줄이기 위해 설계되었습니다.
도로를 달리는 자동차 증가, 엔진 기술의 발전, 엄격한 환경 규제, 소비자 선호도의 진화는 자동차 윤활유 시장의 성장을 가속하는 주요 요인 중 일부입니다. 자동차 엔진의 기술 발전과 차량 시스템의 복잡성으로 인해 특수 윤활유에 대한 필요성이 더욱 커지고 있습니다. 현대 엔진은 고성능 표준을 충족하고, 배기가스를 줄이고, 연비를 보장하기 위해 특정 배합의 윤활유가 필요합니다.
세계 자동차 윤활유 시장의 성장은 특히 신흥 국가의 자동차 생산량 증가와 정기적인 정비 및 고품질 윤활유의 이점에 대한 소비자의 인식이 높아짐에 따라 성장하고 있습니다. 또한 기존 광유에 비해 우수한 성능과 환경적 이점을 제공하는 합성 및 반합성 윤활유로의 전환이 시장 발전에 크게 기여하고 있습니다.
환경 문제에 대한 우려와 규제 압력은 자동차 윤활유 시장에 큰 영향을 미치고 있습니다. 전 세계 정부 및 규제기관은 이산화탄소 배출량을 줄이고 연비를 개선하기 위해 엄격한 기준을 도입하고 있습니다. 이에 따라 엔진 마찰을 줄이고 연비 향상에 기여하는 저점도 합성 윤활유가 채택되고 있습니다.
자동차 윤활유 시장 : 분석 개요
제품별로는 브레이크액 분야가 안전에 대한 관심 증가와 자동차 ABS, EBD 등 첨단 브레이크 시스템 증가로 인해 향후 수년간 견고한 성장이 예상됩니다.
차종별로는 내연기관차(ICE) 부문이 2024년 자동차 윤활유 시장 점유율을 독점했습니다.
아시아태평양은 중국, 인도, 일본 등의 국가에서 자동차 부문의 급속한 성장으로 인해 2024년 가장 큰 시장 점유율을 차지했습니다.
북미 자동차 윤활유 시장은 기술 발전과 하이브리드 및 전기자동차의 채택 증가로 인해 예측 기간 중 상당한 CAGR을 나타낼 것으로 예상됩니다.
주요 기업의 일부로 Sasol, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd, HP Lubricants, Philipps 66, Fuchs, Cepsa, BP p.l.c., Exxon Mobil, CASTROL LIMITED, Shell, Repsol, TotalEnergies, LUKOIL 등을 들 수 있습니다.
목차
제1장 서론
제2장 개요
제3장 분석 방법
제4장 자동차용 윤활유 시장 인사이트
- 시장 스냅숏
- 자동차용 윤활유 시장 역학
- 촉진요인과 기회
- 자동차의 생산 증가
- 주요 기업에 의한 신제품 발매의 증가
- 억제요인과 과제
- 엄격한 생산 기준
- 촉진요인과 기회
- PESTLE 분석
- 자동차용 윤활유 시장 동향
- 밸류체인 분석
- COVID-19의 영향 분석
제5장 세계의 자동차용 윤활유 시장 : 제품별
- 주요 조사 결과
- 서론
- 엔진오일
- 기어 오일
- 변속기 오일
- 브레이크액
- 냉각제
- 그리스
제6장 세계의 자동차용 윤활유 시장 : 차종별
- 주요 조사 결과
- 서론
- 내연기관차(ICE)
- 전기자동차(EV)
제7장 세계의 자동차용 윤활유 시장 : 지역별
- 주요 분석 결과
- 서론
- 자동차용 윤활유 시장 평가 : 지역별(2020-2034년)
- 북미
- 북미 : 제품별(2020-2034년)
- 북미 : 차종별(2020-2034년)
- 미국
- 캐나다
- 유럽
- 유럽 : 제품별(2020-2034년)
- 유럽 : 차종별(2020-2034년)
- 영국
- 프랑스
- 독일
- 이탈리아
- 스페인
- 네덜란드
- 러시아
- 기타 유럽
- 아시아태평양
- 아시아태평양 : 제품별(2020-2034년)
- 아시아태평양 : 차종별(2020-2034년)
- 중국
- 인도
- 말레이시아
- 일본
- 인도네시아
- 한국
- 호주
- 기타 아시아태평양
- 중동 및 아프리카
- 중동 및 아프리카 : 제품별(2020-2034년)
- 중동 및 아프리카 : 차종별(2020-2034년)
- 사우디아라비아
- 아랍에미리트
- 이스라엘
- 남아프리카공화국
- 기타 중동 및 아프리카
- 라틴아메리카
- 라틴아메리카 : 제품별(2020-2034년)
- 라틴아메리카 : 차종별(2020-2034년)
- 멕시코
- 브라질
- 아르헨티나
- 기타 라틴아메리카
제8장 경쟁 구도
- 사업 확대·기업 인수 분석
- 사업 확대
- 기업 인수
- 제휴/협업/합의/공개
제9장 기업 개요
- Sasol
- Indian Oil Corporation Ltd
- HP Lubricants
- Philipps 66
- Fuchs
- Cepsa
- BP p.l.c.
- Exxon Mobil
- CASTROL LIMITED
- Shell
- Repsol
- TotalEnergies
- LUKOIL
The global automotive lubricants market size is expected to reach USD 106.87 billion by 2034, according to a new study by Polaris Market Research. The report "Automotive Lubricants Market Size, Share, Trends, Industry Analysis Report: By Product, Vehicle Type (Internal Combustion Engine and Electric Vehicles), and Region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa) - Market Forecast, 2025- 2034" gives a detailed insight into current market dynamics and provides analysis on future market growth.
Automotive lubricants play a crucial role in ensuring the longevity and efficiency of vehicle components. Lubricants, primarily oils and greases, are designed to reduce friction, wear, and heat generation in engines and other mechanical parts.
The growing number of vehicles on the road, advancements in engine technology, stringent environmental regulations, and evolving consumer preferences are a few of the key factors driving the automotive lubricants market expansion. Technological advancements in automotive engines and the increasing complexity of vehicle systems are further driving the need for specialized lubricants. Modern engines require lubricants with specific formulations to meet high-performance standards, reduce emissions, and ensure fuel efficiency.
The global automotive lubricants market growth is attributed to increasing vehicle production, particularly in emerging economies, as well as the rising awareness of the benefits of regular maintenance and high-quality lubricants among consumers. Additionally, the shift towards synthetic and semi-synthetic lubricants, which offer superior performance and environmental benefits compared to conventional mineral oils, has significantly contributed to the market evolution.
Environmental concerns and regulatory pressures have significantly influenced the automotive lubricants market. Governments and regulatory bodies across the globe are implementing stringent standards to reduce carbon emissions and improve fuel efficiency. This has led to the adoption of low-viscosity synthetic lubricants, which contribute to reduced engine friction and enhanced fuel economy.
Key Highlights of Automotive Lubricants Market Report
Based on product, the brake fluid segment is expected to grow at a robust pace in the coming years, owing to the increasing focus on safety and the rise in advanced braking systems such as ABS and EBD in vehicles.
Based on vehicle type, the internal combustion engine segment dominated the automotive lubricants market share in 2024, owing to the rising adoption of ICE vehicles in global transportation.
Asia Pacific accounted for the largest market share in 2024 due to the rapid expansion of the automotive sector in countries such as China, India, and Japan.
The North America automotive lubricants market is expected to witness a significant CAGR during the forecast period due to technological advancements and the rising adoption of hybrid and electric vehicles.
A few of the key market players are Sasol; Indian Oil Corporation Ltd; HP Lubricants; Philipps 66; Fuchs; Cepsa; BP p.l.c.; Exxon Mobil; CASTROL LIMITED; Shell; Repsol; TotalEnergies; and LUKOIL.
Polaris Market Research has segmented the automotive lubricants market report on the basis of product, vehicle type, and region:
By Product Outlook (Revenue - USD Billion, 2020-2034)
- Engine Oil
- Gear Oil
- Transmission Fluids
- Brake Fluids
- Coolants
- Greases
By Vehicle Type Outlook (Revenue - USD Billion, 2020-2034)
- Internal Combustion Engine
- Electric Vehicles
By Regional Outlook (Revenue - USD Billion, 2020-2034)
- North America
- US
- Canada
- Europe
- Germany
- France
- UK
- Italy
- Spain
- Netherlands
- Russia
- Rest of Europe
- Asia Pacific
- China
- Japan
- India
- Malaysia
- South Korea
- Indonesia
- Australia
- Vietnam
- Rest of Asia Pacific
- Middle East & Africa
- Saudi Arabia
- UAE
- Israel
- South Africa
- Rest of Middle East & Africa
- Latin America
- Mexico
- Brazil
- Argentina
- Rest of Latin America
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
- 1.1. Report Description
- 1.1.1. Objectives of the Study
- 1.1.2. Market Scope
- 1.1.3. Assumptions
- 1.2. Stakeholders
2. Executive Summary
- 2.1. Market Highlights
3. Research Methodology
- 3.1. Overview
- 3.1.1. Data Mining
- 3.2. Data Sources
- 3.2.1. Primary Sources
- 3.2.2. Secondary Sources
4. Global Automotive Lubricants Market Insights
- 4.1. Automotive Lubricants Market - Market Snapshot
- 4.2. Automotive Lubricants Market Dynamics
- 4.2.1. Drivers and Opportunities
- 4.2.1.1. Increasing Production of Motor Vehicles
- 4.2.1.2. Rising Product Launches by Key Players
- 4.2.2. Restraints and Challenges
- 4.2.2.1. Strict production norms
- 4.2.1. Drivers and Opportunities
- 4.3. Porter's Five Forces Analysis
- 4.3.1. Bargaining Power of Suppliers (Moderate)
- 4.3.2. Threats of New Entrants: (Low)
- 4.3.3. Bargaining Power of Buyers (Moderate)
- 4.3.4. Threat of Substitute (Moderate)
- 4.3.5. Rivalry among existing firms (High)
- 4.4. PESTEL Analysis
- 4.5. Automotive Lubricants Market Trends
- 4.6. Value Chain Analysis
- 4.7. COVID-19 Impact Analysis
5. Global Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product
- 5.1. Key Findings
- 5.2. Introduction
- 5.2.1. Global Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 5.3. Engine Oil
- 5.3.1. Global Automotive Lubricants Market, by Engine Oil, by Region, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 5.4. Gear Oil
- 5.4.1. Global Automotive Lubricants Market, by Gear Oil, by Region, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 5.5. Transmission Fluids
- 5.5.1. Global Automotive Lubricants Market, by Transmission Fluids, by Region, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 5.6. Brake Fluids
- 5.6.1. Global Automotive Lubricants Market, by Brake Fluids, by Region, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 5.7. Coolants
- 5.7.1. Global Automotive Lubricants Market, by Coolants, by Region, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 5.8. Greases
- 5.8.1. Global Automotive Lubricants Market, by Greases, by Region, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
6. Global Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type
- 6.1. Key Findings
- 6.2. Introduction
- 6.2.1. Global Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 6.3. Internal Combustion Engine
- 6.3.1. Global Automotive Lubricants Market, by Internal Combustion Engine, by Region, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 6.4. Electric Vehicles
- 6.4.1. Global Automotive Lubricants Market, by Electric Vehicles, by Region, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
7. Global Automotive Lubricants Market, by Geography
- 7.1. Key Findings
- 7.2. Introduction
- 7.2.1. Automotive Lubricants Market Assessment, By Geography, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.3. Automotive Lubricants Market - North America
- 7.3.1. North America: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.3.2. North America: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.3.3. Automotive Lubricants Market - U.S.
- 7.3.3.1. U.S.: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.3.3.2. U.S.: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.3.4. Automotive Lubricants Market - Canada
- 7.3.4.1. Canada: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.3.4.2. Canada: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.4. Automotive Lubricants Market - Europe
- 7.4.1. Europe: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.4.2. Europe: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.4.3. Automotive Lubricants Market - UK
- 7.4.3.1. UK: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.4.3.2. UK: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.4.4. Automotive Lubricants Market - France
- 7.4.4.1. France: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.4.4.2. France: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.4.5. Automotive Lubricants Market - Germany
- 7.4.5.1. Germany: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.4.5.2. Germany: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.4.6. Automotive Lubricants Market - Italy
- 7.4.6.1. Italy: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.4.6.2. Italy: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.4.7. Automotive Lubricants Market - Spain
- 7.4.7.1. Spain: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.4.7.2. Spain: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.4.8. Automotive Lubricants Market - Netherlands
- 7.4.8.1. Netherlands: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.4.8.2. Netherlands: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.4.9. Automotive Lubricants Market - Russia
- 7.4.9.1. Russia: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.4.9.2. Russia: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.4.10. Automotive Lubricants Market - Rest of Europe
- 7.4.10.1. Rest of Europe: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.4.10.2. Rest of Europe: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.5. Automotive Lubricants Market - Asia Pacific
- 7.5.1. Asia Pacific: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.5.2. Asia Pacific: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.5.3. Automotive Lubricants Market - China
- 7.5.3.1. China: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.5.3.2. China: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.5.4. Automotive Lubricants Market - India
- 7.5.4.1. India: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.5.4.2. India: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.5.5. Automotive Lubricants Market - Malaysia
- 7.5.5.1. Malaysia: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.5.5.2. Malaysia: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.5.6. Automotive Lubricants Market - Japan
- 7.5.6.1. Japan: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.5.6.2. Japan: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.5.7. Automotive Lubricants Market - Indonesia
- 7.5.7.1. Indonesia: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.5.7.2. Indonesia: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.5.8. Automotive Lubricants Market - South Korea
- 7.5.8.1. South Korea: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.5.8.2. South Korea: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.5.9. Automotive Lubricants Market - Australia
- 7.5.9.1. Australia: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.5.9.2. Australia: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.5.10. Automotive Lubricants Market - Rest of Asia Pacific
- 7.5.10.1. Rest of Asia Pacific: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.5.10.2. Rest of Asia Pacific: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.6. Automotive Lubricants Market - Middle East & Africa
- 7.6.1. Middle East & Africa: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.6.2. Middle East & Africa: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.6.3. Automotive Lubricants Market - Saudi Arabia
- 7.6.3.1. Saudi Arabia: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.6.3.2. Saudi Arabia: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.6.4. Automotive Lubricants Market - UAE
- 7.6.4.1. UAE: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.6.4.2. UAE: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.6.5. Automotive Lubricants Market - Israel
- 7.6.5.1. Israel: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.6.5.2. Israel: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.6.6. Automotive Lubricants Market - South Africa
- 7.6.6.1. South Africa: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.6.6.2. South Africa: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.6.7. Automotive Lubricants Market - Rest of Middle East & Africa
- 7.6.7.1. Rest of Middle East & Africa: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.6.7.2. Rest of Middle East & Africa: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.7. Automotive Lubricants Market - Latin America
- 7.7.1. Latin America: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.7.2. Latin America: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.7.3. Automotive Lubricants Market - Mexico
- 7.7.3.1. Mexico: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.7.3.2. Mexico: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.7.4. Automotive Lubricants Market - Brazil
- 7.7.4.1. Brazil: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.7.4.2. Brazil: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.7.5. Automotive Lubricants Market - Argentina
- 7.7.5.1. Argentina: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.7.5.2. Argentina: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.7.6. Automotive Lubricants Market - Rest of Latin America
- 7.7.6.1. Rest of Latin America: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Product, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
- 7.7.6.2. Rest of Latin America: Automotive Lubricants Market, by Vehicle Type, 2020-2034 (USD Billion)
8. Competitive Landscape
- 8.1. Expansion and Acquisition Analysis
- 8.1.1. Expansion
- 8.1.2. Acquisitions
- 8.2. Partnerships/Collaborations/Agreements/Exhibitions
9. Company Profiles
- 9.1. Sasol
- 9.1.1. Company Overview
- 9.1.2. Financial Performance
- 9.1.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.1.4. Recent Development
- 9.2. Indian Oil Corporation Ltd
- 9.2.1. Company Overview
- 9.2.2. Financial Performance
- 9.2.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.2.4. Recent Development
- 9.3. HP Lubricants
- 9.3.1. Company Overview
- 9.3.2. Financial Performance
- 9.3.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.3.4. Recent Development
- 9.4. Philipps 66
- 9.4.1. Company Overview
- 9.4.2. Financial Performance
- 9.4.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.4.4. Recent Development
- 9.5. Fuchs
- 9.5.1. Company Overview
- 9.5.2. Financial Performance
- 9.5.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.5.4. Recent Development
- 9.6. Cepsa
- 9.6.1. Company Overview
- 9.6.2. Financial Performance
- 9.6.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.6.4. Recent Development
- 9.7. BP p.l.c.
- 9.7.1. Company Overview
- 9.7.2. Financial Performance
- 9.7.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.7.4. Recent Development
- 9.8. Exxon Mobil
- 9.8.1. Company Overview
- 9.8.2. Financial Performance
- 9.8.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.8.4. Recent Development
- 9.9. CASTROL LIMITED
- 9.9.1. Company Overview
- 9.9.2. Financial Performance
- 9.9.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.9.4. Recent Development
- 9.10. Shell
- 9.10.1. Company Overview
- 9.10.2. Financial Performance
- 9.10.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.10.4. Recent Development
- 9.11. Repsol
- 9.11.1. Company Overview
- 9.11.2. Financial Performance
- 9.11.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.11.4. Recent Development
- 9.12. TotalEnergies
- 9.12.1. Company Overview
- 9.12.2. Financial Performance
- 9.12.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.12.4. Recent Development
- 9.13. LUKOIL
- 9.13.1. Company Overview
- 9.13.2. Financial Performance
- 9.13.3. Product Benchmarking
- 9.13.4. Recent Development
