시장보고서
상품코드
1873685

세계의 경카테터 심장판막 치환술 및 수복술 시장 : 시장 점유율과 순위, 전체 판매 및 수요 예측(2025-2031년)

Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair - Global Market Share and Ranking, Overall Sales and Demand Forecast 2025-2031

발행일: | 리서치사: QYResearch | 페이지 정보: 영문 | 배송안내 : 2-3일 (영업일 기준)

    
    
    




■ 보고서에 따라 최신 정보로 업데이트하여 보내드립니다. 배송일정은 문의해 주시기 바랍니다.

세계의 경카테터 심장판막 치환술 및 수복술 시장 규모는 2024년에 78억 9,800만 달러로 추정되며, 2025년부터 2031년까지 예측 기간 동안 CAGR 15.2%로 확대되어 2031년까지 209억 8,500만 달러에 달할 것으로 예측됩니다.

경카테터 심장판막 치환술 및 수복술 산업은 TAVR, TPVR, TMVR 등 여러 부문으로 분류됩니다. 판막증은 선천적 결함이나 판막 기능 저하로 인해 발생하며, 나이가 들수록 발병 위험이 높아집니다. 판막 기능 장애는 신체 활동의 제한을 초래하여 삶의 질을 떨어뜨리고, 경우에 따라서는 사망에 이를 수도 있습니다. 이러한 이유로 손상된 심장판막을 복구하고 교체하기 위한 심장판막 장치 개발은 오랜 기간 동안 진행되어 왔습니다. 최근 몇 년간의 기술 혁신과 발전으로 저위험, 최소침습 수술이 필요한 경카테터 심장판막의 제조가 가능해졌습니다. 판막증 환자 수 증가와 최소침습 수술에 대한 수요 증가는 가까운 미래에 경피적 심장판막 치환술 산업의 성장을 촉진할 것으로 예상됩니다.

경카테터 심장판막 치환술 및 수복술 시장은 전 세계적으로 심혈관질환의 증가, 특히 북미와 유럽과 같은 고령화 지역에서의 유병률 증가에 의해 주도되고 있습니다. 이로 인해 대동맥판막협착증, 승모판막역류증 등 판막질환이 급증하고 있습니다. 환자와 의료진은 기존의 관혈적 수술에 비해 입원 기간 단축, 빠른 회복, 합병증 감소 등의 장점으로 인해 이러한 최소침습적 시술을 점점 더 선호하고 있습니다. 향상된 영상 기술, 자가 확장형 밸브 시스템, 개선된 전달 메커니즘과 같은 기술적 발전은 시술 성공률을 더욱 높이고, 중위험 및 저위험 환자군에서도 보다 폭넓게 적용될 수 있도록 하고 있습니다.

그러나 시장에는 큰 장벽도 존재합니다. 기기, 영상 진단 시스템, 전문 시술 환경을 포함한 높은 비용은 특히 가격에 민감한 신흥 시장에서의 보급을 제한하고 있습니다. 또한, 고도로 훈련된 전문의가 필요하고 습득 곡선이 여전히 가파르기 때문에 전문 인력이 부족한 병원에서는 도입에 어려움을 겪을 수 있습니다. 또한, 엄격한 규제 과정과 지역별로 통일되지 않은 상환 제도는 제품 승인 지연과 접근성 격차를 야기하는 요인으로 작용합니다. 판막 주변 누출, 뇌졸중, 혈관 합병증 등의 임상적 위험과 장기적인 판막 내구성에 대한 의문도 보급을 제약하고 있어 지속적인 기술 혁신이 요구되고 있습니다.

이 보고서는 경피적 카테터 심장판막 치환술 및 수복술 세계 시장에 대해 총 매출액, 주요 기업의 시장 점유율 및 순위, 지역 및 국가, 유형 및 용도별 분석을 종합적으로 제시하는 것을 목적으로 합니다.

이 보고서는 2024년을 기준 연도, 2020년에서 2031년까지의 과거 데이터와 예측 데이터를 포함하는 2024년까지의 경피적 카테터 심장판막 치환 및 수복술 시장의 규모, 추정 및 예측을 제공합니다. 정량적, 정성적 분석을 통해 경피적 심장판막 치환술 관련 비즈니스/성장 전략 수립, 시장 경쟁 평가, 현재 시장에서의 포지셔닝 분석, 정보에 입각한 비즈니스 의사결정을 내릴 수 있도록 도와드립니다.

시장 세분화

기업별

  • Edwards Lifesciences
  • Medtronic
  • Abbott
  • Boston Scientific
  • Venus Medtech
  • Meril Life Sciences
  • Braile Biomedica
  • MicroPort Medical
  • Niumai Medical
  • Jiecheng Medical

유형별 부문

  • TAVR
  • TPVR
  • TMVR

용도별 부문

  • 병원
  • 외래 수술 센터
  • 심장 카테터 검사실

지역별

  • 북미
    • 미국
    • 캐나다
  • 아시아태평양
    • 중국
    • 일본
    • 한국
    • 동남아시아
    • 인도
    • 호주
    • 기타 아시아태평양
  • 유럽
    • 독일
    • 프랑스
    • 영국
    • 이탈리아
    • 네덜란드
    • 북유럽 국가
    • 기타 유럽
  • 라틴아메리카
    • 멕시코
    • 브라질
    • 기타 라틴아메리카
  • 중동 및 아프리카
    • 튀르키예
    • 사우디아라비아
    • 아랍에미리트
    • 기타 중동 및 아프리카
KSM 25.12.24

자주 묻는 질문

  • 경카테터 심장판막 치환술 및 수복술 시장 규모는 어떻게 예측되나요?
  • 경카테터 심장판막 치환술 및 수복술 산업의 주요 부문은 무엇인가요?
  • 경카테터 심장판막 치환술의 수요가 증가하는 이유는 무엇인가요?
  • 경카테터 심장판막 치환술 시장의 주요 기업은 어디인가요?
  • 경카테터 심장판막 치환술 시장의 성장에 영향을 미치는 요인은 무엇인가요?
  • 경카테터 심장판막 치환술의 도입에 있어 어떤 장벽이 존재하나요?

The global market for Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair was estimated to be worth US$ 7898 million in 2024 and is forecast to a readjusted size of US$ 20985 million by 2031 with a CAGR of 15.2% during the forecast period 2025-2031.

The Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair industry can be broken down into several segments, TAVR, TPVR and TMVR. Valvular heart diseases are associated with the person's advancing age, caused by the congenital defects or inefficiency of valves to function. Valve dysfunction results in restricting physical activities that leads to decline in quality of life and even death. Hence, due to these reasons many years have been spent on developing heart valve devices in order to repair and replace the damaged heart valves. Over the past few years innovation and recent technological advancements have resulted in manufacturing of transcatheter heart valve that are less risky and need minimally invasive surgical procedure. Increase in number of people with valvular heart disease and rise in demand for minimally invasive surgical procedure will augment the growth of transcatheter heart valve replacement industry in the near future.

The transcatheter heart valve replacement and repair market is primarily propelled by the growing global prevalence of cardiovascular diseases-especially among aging populations in regions like North America and Europe-which has led to a surge in valvular conditions such as aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation. Patients and healthcare providers increasingly favor these procedures due to their minimally invasive nature, resulting in shorter hospital stays, faster recovery, and fewer complications compared to traditional open-heart surgery . Technological advancements-including improved imaging, self-expanding valve systems, and enhanced delivery mechanisms-are further boosting procedural success rates and enabling broader application, even among intermediate and low-risk patient groups.

Despite strong momentum, the market faces significant barriers. High costs-encompassing the devices, imaging systems, and specialized procedural environments-limit adoption, particularly in price-sensitive and emerging markets. Additionally, the procedures demand highly trained specialists, and the learning curve remains steep, which can impede adoption in hospitals lacking expert personnel . Moreover, stringent regulatory processes and inconsistent reimbursement frameworks across regions can delay product approvals and create variability in access. Clinical risks such as paravalvular leaks, strokes, vascular complications, and questions over long-term valve durability also constrain uptake and demand ongoing innovation.

This report aims to provide a comprehensive presentation of the global market for Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair, focusing on the total sales revenue, key companies market share and ranking, together with an analysis of Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair by region & country, by Type, and by Application.

The Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair market size, estimations, and forecasts are provided in terms of sales revenue ($ millions), considering 2024 as the base year, with history and forecast data for the period from 2020 to 2031. With both quantitative and qualitative analysis, to help readers develop business/growth strategies, assess the market competitive situation, analyze their position in the current marketplace, and make informed business decisions regarding Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair.

Market Segmentation

By Company

  • Edwards Lifesciences
  • Medtronic
  • Abbott
  • Boston Scientific
  • Venus Medtech
  • Meril Life Sciences
  • Braile Biomedica
  • MicroPort Medical
  • Niumai Medical
  • Jiecheng Medical

Segment by Type

  • TAVR
  • TPVR
  • TMVR

Segment by Application

  • Hospitals
  • Ambulatory Surgical Centers
  • Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory

By Region

  • North America
    • United States
    • Canada
  • Asia-Pacific
    • China
    • Japan
    • South Korea
    • Southeast Asia
    • India
    • Australia
    • Rest of Asia-Pacific
  • Europe
    • Germany
    • France
    • U.K.
    • Italy
    • Netherlands
    • Nordic Countries
    • Rest of Europe
  • Latin America
    • Mexico
    • Brazil
    • Rest of Latin America
  • Middle East & Africa
    • Turkey
    • Saudi Arabia
    • UAE
    • Rest of MEA

Chapter Outline

Chapter 1: Introduces the report scope of the report, global total market size. This chapter also provides the market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.

Chapter 2: Detailed analysis of Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair company competitive landscape, revenue market share, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.

Chapter 3: Provides the analysis of various market segments by Type, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.

Chapter 4: Provides the analysis of various market segments by Application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.

Chapter 5: Revenue of Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair in regional level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space, and market size of each country in the world.

Chapter 6: Revenue of Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair in country level. It provides sigmate data by Type, and by Application for each country/region.

Chapter 7: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product revenue, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.

Chapter 8: Analysis of industrial chain, including the upstream and downstream of the industry.

Chapter 9: Conclusion.

Table of Contents

1 Market Overview

  • 1.1 Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Product Introduction
  • 1.2 Global Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Market Size Forecast (2020-2031)
  • 1.3 Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Market Trends & Drivers
    • 1.3.1 Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Industry Trends
    • 1.3.2 Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Market Drivers & Opportunity
    • 1.3.3 Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Market Challenges
    • 1.3.4 Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Market Restraints
  • 1.4 Assumptions and Limitations
  • 1.5 Study Objectives
  • 1.6 Years Considered

2 Competitive Analysis by Company

  • 2.1 Global Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Players Revenue Ranking (2024)
  • 2.2 Global Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Revenue by Company (2020-2025)
  • 2.3 Key Companies Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Manufacturing Base Distribution and Headquarters
  • 2.4 Key Companies Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Product Offered
  • 2.5 Key Companies Time to Begin Mass Production of Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair
  • 2.6 Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Market Competitive Analysis
    • 2.6.1 Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Market Concentration Rate (2020-2025)
    • 2.6.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Companies by Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Revenue in 2024
    • 2.6.3 Global Top Companies by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair as of 2024)
  • 2.7 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

3 Segmentation by Type

  • 3.1 Introduction by Type
    • 3.1.1 TAVR
    • 3.1.2 TPVR
    • 3.1.3 TMVR
  • 3.2 Global Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Type
    • 3.2.1 Global Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Type (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
    • 3.2.2 Global Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value, by Type (2020-2031)
    • 3.2.3 Global Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value, by Type (%) (2020-2031)

4 Segmentation by Application

  • 4.1 Introduction by Application
    • 4.1.1 Hospitals
    • 4.1.2 Ambulatory Surgical Centers
    • 4.1.3 Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory
  • 4.2 Global Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Application
    • 4.2.1 Global Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Application (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
    • 4.2.2 Global Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value, by Application (2020-2031)
    • 4.2.3 Global Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value, by Application (%) (2020-2031)

5 Segmentation by Region

  • 5.1 Global Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Region
    • 5.1.1 Global Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
    • 5.1.2 Global Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Region (2020-2025)
    • 5.1.3 Global Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Region (2026-2031)
    • 5.1.4 Global Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Region (%), (2020-2031)
  • 5.2 North America
    • 5.2.1 North America Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 5.2.2 North America Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 5.3 Europe
    • 5.3.1 Europe Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 5.3.2 Europe Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 5.4 Asia Pacific
    • 5.4.1 Asia Pacific Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 5.4.2 Asia Pacific Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Region (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 5.5 South America
    • 5.5.1 South America Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 5.5.2 South America Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031
  • 5.6 Middle East & Africa
    • 5.6.1 Middle East & Africa Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 5.6.2 Middle East & Africa Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Country (%), 2024 VS 2031

6 Segmentation by Key Countries/Regions

  • 6.1 Key Countries/Regions Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value Growth Trends, 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.2 Key Countries/Regions Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value, 2020-2031
  • 6.3 United States
    • 6.3.1 United States Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.3.2 United States Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.3.3 United States Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.4 Europe
    • 6.4.1 Europe Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.4.2 Europe Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.4.3 Europe Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.5 China
    • 6.5.1 China Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.5.2 China Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.5.3 China Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.6 Japan
    • 6.6.1 Japan Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.6.2 Japan Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.6.3 Japan Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.7 South Korea
    • 6.7.1 South Korea Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.7.2 South Korea Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.7.3 South Korea Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.8 Southeast Asia
    • 6.8.1 Southeast Asia Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.8.2 Southeast Asia Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.8.3 Southeast Asia Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031
  • 6.9 India
    • 6.9.1 India Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value, 2020-2031
    • 6.9.2 India Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Type (%), 2024 VS 2031
    • 6.9.3 India Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Value by Application, 2024 VS 2031

7 Company Profiles

  • 7.1 Edwards Lifesciences
    • 7.1.1 Edwards Lifesciences Profile
    • 7.1.2 Edwards Lifesciences Main Business
    • 7.1.3 Edwards Lifesciences Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.1.4 Edwards Lifesciences Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.1.5 Edwards Lifesciences Recent Developments
  • 7.2 Medtronic
    • 7.2.1 Medtronic Profile
    • 7.2.2 Medtronic Main Business
    • 7.2.3 Medtronic Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.2.4 Medtronic Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.2.5 Medtronic Recent Developments
  • 7.3 Abbott
    • 7.3.1 Abbott Profile
    • 7.3.2 Abbott Main Business
    • 7.3.3 Abbott Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.3.4 Abbott Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.3.5 Abbott Recent Developments
  • 7.4 Boston Scientific
    • 7.4.1 Boston Scientific Profile
    • 7.4.2 Boston Scientific Main Business
    • 7.4.3 Boston Scientific Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.4.4 Boston Scientific Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.4.5 Boston Scientific Recent Developments
  • 7.5 Venus Medtech
    • 7.5.1 Venus Medtech Profile
    • 7.5.2 Venus Medtech Main Business
    • 7.5.3 Venus Medtech Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.5.4 Venus Medtech Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.5.5 Venus Medtech Recent Developments
  • 7.6 Meril Life Sciences
    • 7.6.1 Meril Life Sciences Profile
    • 7.6.2 Meril Life Sciences Main Business
    • 7.6.3 Meril Life Sciences Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.6.4 Meril Life Sciences Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.6.5 Meril Life Sciences Recent Developments
  • 7.7 Braile Biomedica
    • 7.7.1 Braile Biomedica Profile
    • 7.7.2 Braile Biomedica Main Business
    • 7.7.3 Braile Biomedica Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.7.4 Braile Biomedica Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.7.5 Braile Biomedica Recent Developments
  • 7.8 MicroPort Medical
    • 7.8.1 MicroPort Medical Profile
    • 7.8.2 MicroPort Medical Main Business
    • 7.8.3 MicroPort Medical Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.8.4 MicroPort Medical Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.8.5 MicroPort Medical Recent Developments
  • 7.9 Niumai Medical
    • 7.9.1 Niumai Medical Profile
    • 7.9.2 Niumai Medical Main Business
    • 7.9.3 Niumai Medical Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.9.4 Niumai Medical Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.9.5 Niumai Medical Recent Developments
  • 7.10 Jiecheng Medical
    • 7.10.1 Jiecheng Medical Profile
    • 7.10.2 Jiecheng Medical Main Business
    • 7.10.3 Jiecheng Medical Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Products, Services and Solutions
    • 7.10.4 Jiecheng Medical Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Revenue (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
    • 7.10.5 Jiecheng Medical Recent Developments

8 Industry Chain Analysis

  • 8.1 Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Industrial Chain
  • 8.2 Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Upstream Analysis
    • 8.2.1 Key Raw Materials
    • 8.2.2 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
    • 8.2.3 Manufacturing Cost Structure
  • 8.3 Midstream Analysis
  • 8.4 Downstream Analysis (Customers Analysis)
  • 8.5 Sales Model and Sales Channels
    • 8.5.1 Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Sales Model
    • 8.5.2 Sales Channel
    • 8.5.3 Transcatheter Heart Valve Replacement and Repair Distributors

9 Research Findings and Conclusion

10 Appendix

  • 10.1 Research Methodology
    • 10.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
      • 10.1.1.1 Research Programs/Design
      • 10.1.1.2 Market Size Estimation
      • 10.1.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
    • 10.1.2 Data Source
      • 10.1.2.1 Secondary Sources
      • 10.1.2.2 Primary Sources
  • 10.2 Author Details
  • 10.3 Disclaimer
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