세계의 V2G(Vehicle to Grid) 시장 : 차량 유형별, 솔루션별, 용도별, 최종 사용자별, 지역별 - 규모, 산업 동향, 기회 분석, 예측(2026-2035년)

The Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) market is booming, valued at US$ 6.27 billion in 2025 and is projected to hit the market valuation of US$ 65.84 billion by 2035 at a CAGR of 26.50% during the forecast period 2025-2035. This is driven by rising EV adoption, renewable energy integration, and grid needs for stability, with key growth in BEVs, bidirectional charging, and hardware.

Several key factors are driving this booming market. Foremost among them is the rising adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), which has created a larger pool of distributed energy storage resources capable of interacting with the electrical grid. As more consumers and businesses transition to battery electric vehicles (BEVs), the potential for these vehicles to serve dual functions-as transportation and as mobile energy storage units-has become increasingly attractive.

Noteworthy Market Developments

The competitive landscape of the Vehicle to Grid (V2G) market is shaped by a diverse mix of specialized software aggregators and hardware manufacturers, each playing a critical role in advancing the technology and expanding its adoption. A notable example of this dynamic occurred in December 2025, when ABN AMRO announced its involvement as the financier of an innovative V2G project spanning the cities of Utrecht and Eindhoven. This ambitious initiative represents a collaboration between MyWheels, its parent company The Sharing Group, Renault Group, and We Drive Solar, culminating in the creation of the largest car-sharing service powered by V2G technology.

In the same month, the Australian Government launched the Vehicle-Grid Network (VGN), a national program designed to empower electric vehicle and plug-in hybrid owners to send excess power back to the electricity grid. This initiative reflects the increasing recognition by policymakers of the role that V2G technology can play in enhancing grid flexibility, supporting renewable energy integration, and providing economic benefits to vehicle owners.

Hyundai Motor Group also made significant strides in November 2025 by accelerating the global rollout of its advanced Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) services. These innovative solutions enable electric vehicles to not only store and supply electricity but also share power with homes and power grids, effectively redefining the role of EVs within the global energy ecosystem. Hyundai's V2X technology emphasizes the multifunctional capabilities of electric vehicles, transforming them into active participants in energy management and distribution.

Another key development in November 2025 involved a collaborative demonstration of V2G technology at the Redwood Coast Airport Microgrid in McKinleyville, California. This project brought together Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E), Nissan, Fermata Energy, and the Schatz Energy Research Center to showcase the integration of two Nissan Leaf vehicles with four bidirectional charging stations. The demonstration highlighted the practical applications of V2G technology in microgrid environments, where electric vehicles serve as distributed energy resources that enhance grid stability and resilience.

Core Growth Drivers

The surge in electric vehicle (EV) production and sales is having a profoundly positive impact on the growth of the Vehicle to Grid (V2G) market. Over the past decade, global EV sales have experienced remarkable annual growth, with data from Livemint revealing an approximate 30% increase each year from 2013 to 2023. This rapid expansion is underscored by the fact that 13 countries have surpassed the milestone where over 10% of new light-vehicle sales are electric, signaling a significant shift in consumer preference and automotive industry focus toward electrification. Further emphasizing this trend, the International Energy Agency (IEA) reported that EV sales in 2023 rose by an astonishing 3.5 million units compared to 2022, representing a 35% increase in just one year. Nearly 14 million new EVs were registered globally in 2023, with battery electric vehicles (BEVs) constituting 70% of the total electric car inventory for the year. This dominance of BEVs reflects their growing popularity due to improvements in battery technology, driving range, and charging infrastructure, which collectively enhance the appeal of fully electric vehicles.

Emerging Opportunity Trends

The primary drivers behind the surging demand in the Vehicle to Grid (V2G) market stem from the pressing need to modernize aging electrical grids and reduce operational costs. As the world experiences unprecedented growth in renewable energy adoption, grid operators face significant challenges in managing the inherent intermittency of sources such as solar and wind power. These renewable resources, while clean and sustainable, produce electricity that fluctuates based on weather conditions and time of day, leading to instability and reliability concerns for power grids. To address these fluctuations, grid operators require vast amounts of flexible energy storage that can absorb excess power during periods of high renewable generation and supply it back when demand exceeds supply.

Barriers to Optimization

Interoperability issues continue to pose a significant obstacle in the advancement of Vehicle to Grid (V2G) technology. One of the main challenges is the absence of universally accepted communication protocols that enable smooth interaction between electric vehicles (EVs), charging stations, and the power grid. Without standardized frameworks, different manufacturers and service providers often develop proprietary systems that are incompatible with one another, creating barriers to seamless integration. This lack of interoperability can lead to inefficiencies, increased costs, and limited scalability, ultimately slowing the adoption of V2G systems and restricting the full realization of their potential benefits.

Detailed Market Segmentation

By Vehicle Type, Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) dominate the Vehicle to Grid (V2G) market landscape, commanding a significant market share of over 69.24%. This dominance is largely due to the inherent advantages that BEVs offer in terms of energy storage capacity. Equipped with large battery packs, BEVs possess substantial energy export capabilities, making them ideally suited for V2G applications where vehicles not only consume energy but also supply it back to the grid when needed. The size and efficiency of these batteries allow BEVs to store considerable amounts of electricity, which can then be strategically discharged to support grid stability, manage peak demand, and provide ancillary services.

By Charging Type, Bidirectional charging technology serves as the fundamental mechanism that unlocks significant economic value within the Vehicle to Grid (V2G) market. By enabling electric vehicles not only to draw power from the grid but also to feed energy back into it, this technology creates a dynamic energy exchange that supports grid stability, helps balance demand, and opens new revenue streams for vehicle owners and grid operators alike. Reflecting its critical importance, bidirectional charging controlled over 60.10% of the market share in 2024, highlighting its dominance as the preferred charging type driving V2G adoption worldwide.

By Solution, Hardware components play a pivotal role in the Vehicle to Grid (V2G) market, commanding a substantial market share of over 69.25%. These physical components form the essential foundation that enables the entire V2G ecosystem to operate both safely and efficiently. Without robust and reliable hardware, the complex interactions between electric vehicles and the power grid would not be possible, as these components facilitate the crucial transfer of energy, communication, and control signals required for effective grid integration.

Segment Breakdown

By Vehicle Type

• Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs)
• Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs)
• Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCVs)
• Others

By Solution Type

• Hardware
• Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE)
• Smart Meters
• V2G Chargers
• Others
• Software
• V2G Program Administration
• Dynamic Load Management System
• Energy Management Systems (EMS)
• Telematics & Cybersecurity
• Others
• Services
• Professional
• Managed Services

By Application

• Peak Power Sales
• Spinning Reserves
• Base Load Power
• Frequency Regulation
• Voltage Regulation / Reactive Power Support
• Load Balancing & Demand Response
• Renewable Energy Integration
• Others

By End Users

• Commercial
• Office Buildings
• Retail
• Malls
• Others
• Public Charging Stations / Charging Hubs
• Fleet Depots & Shared Mobility
• Utilities / Grid-Scale Aggregation
• Others

By Region

• North America
• The U.S.
• Canada
• Mexico
• Europe
• Western Europe
• The UK
• Germany
• France
• Italy
• Spain
• Rest of Western Europe
• Eastern Europe
• Poland
• Russia
• Rest of Eastern Europe
• Asia Pacific
• China
• India
• Japan
• Australia & New Zealand
• South Korea
• ASEAN
• Rest of Asia Pacific
• Middle East & Africa (MEA)
• Saudi Arabia
• South Africa
• UAE
• Rest of MEA
• South America
• Argentina
• Brazil
• Rest of South America

Geography Breakdown

• North America currently holds a commanding position in the global Vehicle to Grid (V2G) market, accounting for a dominant market share of 38.22%. This leadership is largely attributed to the advanced stage of implementation and operational maturity of key initiatives such as the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Clean School Bus Program. This program not only supports the adoption of electric school buses but also integrates these vehicles into broader grid management strategies, enabling them to contribute to energy storage and load balancing. The success and scale of this initiative have played a crucial role in establishing North America as a frontrunner in the V2G market.
• Within the region, California stands out as a particularly influential player, further strengthening North America's dominance through progressive regulatory reforms. The state's recent interconnection reforms have been instrumental in removing barriers for commercial fleet operators, enabling them to participate more actively in emergency load reduction programs. These reforms have unlocked significant economic opportunities, with estimates suggesting that commercial fleets in California could generate approximately USD 450 million in additional annual revenue by leveraging V2G technologies.

Leading Market Participants

• Nissan Motor Corporation
• Mitsubishi Motors Corporation
• NUVVE Corporation
• Fermata Energy
• ENGIE Group
• OVO Energy Ltd.
• Renault Group
• Honda Motor Co., Ltd.
• Hyundai Motor Company
• AC Propulsion
• Edison International.
• DENSO Co.
• Hitachi
• Next Energy
• NRG Energy
• OVO Energy Ltd.
• ChargeScape
• Other Prominent Players

Table of Content

Chapter 1. Executive Summary: Global Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Market

Chapter 2. Research Methodology & Research Framework

• 2.1. Research Objective
• 2.2. Product Overview
• 2.3. Market Segmentation
• 2.4. Qualitative Research
  • 2.4.1. Primary & Secondary Sources
• 2.5. Quantitative Research
  • 2.5.1. Primary & Secondary Sources
• 2.6. Breakdown of Primary Research Respondents, By Region
• 2.7. Assumption for Study
• 2.8. Market Size Estimation
• 2.9. Data Triangulation

Chapter 3. Global Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Market Overview

• 3.1. Industry Value Chain Analysis
  • 3.1.1. Raw Materials & Battery Cell Manufacturing
  • 3.1.2. Electric Vehicle Manufacturers (OEMs)
  • 3.1.3. Charging Hardware Providers (Bidirectional Chargers)
  • 3.1.4. Software Providers & Aggregators (V2G Management Platforms)
  • 3.1.5 Electric Vehicle Manufacturers (OEMs)
  • 3.1.6 End Users (Residential, Commercial, Fleet & Municipal)
• 3.2. Industry Outlook
  • 3.2.1. Global Vehicle Sales, 2019-2024
  • 3.2.2. World Motor Vehicle Production, 2019-2024
  • 3.2.3. Analysis on V2G Units
  • 3.2.4. Leading Players Comparison Matrix
  • 3.3.6 Analysis on Charging Infrastructure
• 3.3. PESTLE Analysis
• 3.4. Porter's Five Forces Analysis
  • 3.4.1. Bargaining Power of Suppliers
  • 3.4.2. Bargaining Power of Buyers
  • 3.4.3. Threat of Substitutes
  • 3.4.4. Threat of New Entrants
  • 3.4.5. Degree of Competition
• 3.5. Market Growth and Outlook
  • 3.5.1. Market Revenue Estimates and Forecast (US$ Mn), 2020-2035
• 3.6. Market Attractiveness Analysis
  • 3.6.1. By Application
  • 3.6.2. By Region
  • 3.6.3. Actionable Insights (Analyst's Recommendations)

Chapter 4. Global Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Market Analysis

• 4.1. Market Dynamics and Trends
  • 4.1.1. Growth Drivers
  • 4.1.2. Restraints
  • 4.1.3. Opportunity
  • 4.1.4. Key Trends
• 4.2. Competition Dashboard
  • 4.2.1. Market Concentration Rate
  • 4.2.2. Company Market Share Analysis (Value %), 2024
  • 4.2.3. Competitor Mapping & Benchmarking
• 4.3. Market Size and Forecast, 2020-2035 (US$ Mn)
  • 4.3.1. By Vehicle Type
    • 4.3.1.1. Key Insights
      • 4.3.1.1.1. Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs)
      • 4.3.1.1.2. Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs)
      • 4.3.1.1.3. Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCVs)
      • 4.3.1.1.4. Others
  • 4.3.2. By Solution Type
    • 4.3.2.1. Key Insights
      • 4.3.2.1.1. Hardware
        • 4.3.2.1.1.1. Electric Vehicle Supply
        • 4.3.2.1.1.2. Smart Meters
        • 4.3.2.1.1.3. V2G Chargers
        • 4.3.2.1.1.4. Others
      • 4.3.2.1.2. Software
        • 4.3.2.1.2.1. V2G Program Administration
        • 4.3.2.1.2.2. Dynamic Load Management System
        • 4.3.2.1.2.3. Energy Management Systems (EMS)
        • 4.3.2.1.2.4. Telematics & Cybersecurity
        • 4.3.2.1.2.5. Others
      • 4.3.2.1.3. Services
        • 4.3.2.1.3.1. Professional
        • 4.3.2.1.3.2. Managed Services
  • 4.3.3. By Application
    • 4.3.3.1. Key Insights
      • 4.3.3.1.1. Peak Power Sales
      • 4.3.3.1.2. Spinning Reserves
      • 4.3.3.1.3. Base Load Power
      • 4.3.3.1.4. Frequency Regulation
      • 4.3.3.1.5. Voltage Regulation / Reactive Power Support
      • 4.3.3.1.6. Load Balancing & Demand Response
      • 4.3.3.1.7. Renewable Energy Integration
      • 4.3.3.1.8. Others
  • 4.3.4. By End Users
    • 4.3.4.1. Key Insights
      • 4.3.4.1.1. Residential (Private Homes)
      • 4.3.4.1.2. Commercial
        • 4.3.4.1.2.1. Office Buildings
        • 4.3.4.1.2.2. Retail
        • 4.3.4.1.2.3. Malls
        • 4.3.4.1.2.4. Others
      • 4.3.4.1.3. Public Charging Stations / Charging Hubs
      • 4.3.4.1.4. Fleet Depots & Shared Mobility
      • 4.3.4.1.5. Utilities / Grid-Scale Aggregation
      • 4.3.4.1.6. Others
  • 4.3.5. By Region
    • 4.3.5.1. Key Insights
      • 4.3.5.1.1. North America
        • 4.3.5.1.1.1. The U.S.
        • 4.3.5.1.1.2. Canada
        • 4.3.5.1.1.3. Mexico
      • 4.3.5.1.2. Europe
        • 4.3.5.1.2.1. Western Europe
• 4.3.5.1.2.1.1. The UK
• 4.3.5.1.2.1.2. Germany
• 4.3.5.1.2.1.3. France
• 4.3.5.1.2.1.4. Italy
• 4.3.5.1.2.1.5. Spain
• 4.3.5.1.2.1.6. Rest of Western Europe
  • 4.3.5.1.2.2. Eastern Europe
• 4.3.5.1.2.2.1. Poland
• 4.3.5.1.2.2.2. Russia
• 4.3.5.1.2.2.3. Rest of Eastern Europe
  • 4.3.5.1.3. Asia Pacific
    • 4.3.5.1.3.1. China
    • 4.3.5.1.3.2. India
    • 4.3.5.1.3.3. Japan
    • 4.3.5.1.3.4. South Korea
    • 4.3.5.1.3.5. Australia & New Zealand
    • 4.3.5.1.3.6. ASEAN
• 4.3.5.1.3.6.1.1. Indonesia
• 4.3.5.1.3.6.1.2. Malaysia
• 4.3.5.1.3.6.1.3. Thailand
• 4.3.5.1.3.6.1.4. Singapore
• 4.3.5.1.3.6.1.5. Rest of ASEAN
  • 4.3.5.1.3.7. Rest of Asia Pacific
  • 4.3.5.1.4. Middle East & Africa
    • 4.3.5.1.4.1. UAE
    • 4.3.5.1.4.2. Saudi Arabia
    • 4.3.5.1.4.3. South Africa
    • 4.3.5.1.4.4. Rest of MEA
  • 4.3.5.1.5. South America
    • 4.3.5.1.5.1. Argentina
    • 4.3.5.1.5.2. Brazil
    • 4.3.5.1.5.3. Rest of South America

Chapter 5. North America Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Market Analysis

• 5.1. Market Dynamics and Trends
  • 5.1.1. Growth Drivers
  • 5.1.2. Restraints
  • 5.1.3. Opportunity
  • 5.1.4. Key Trends
• 5.2. Market Size and Forecast, 2020-2035 (US$ Mn)
  • 5.2.1. By Vehicle Type
  • 5.2.2. By Solution Type
  • 5.2.3. By Application
  • 5.2.4. By End Users
  • 5.2.5. By Country

Chapter 6 Europe Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Market Analysis

• 6.1. Market Dynamics and Trends
  • 6.1.1. Growth Drivers
  • 6.1.2. Restraints
  • 6.1.3. Opportunity
  • 6.1.4. Key Trends
• 6.2. Market Size and Forecast, 2020-2035 (US$ Mn)
  • 6.2.1. By Vehicle Type
  • 6.2.2. By Solution Type
  • 6.2.3. By Application
  • 6.2.4. By End Users
  • 6.2.5. By Country

Chapter 7. Asia Pacific Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Market Analysis

• 7.1. Market Dynamics and Trends
  • 7.1.1. Growth Drivers
  • 7.1.2. Restraints
  • 7.1.3. Opportunity
  • 7.1.4. Key Trends
• 7.2. Market Size and Forecast, 2020-2035 (US$ Mn)
  • 7.2.1. By Vehicle Type
  • 7.2.2. By Solution Type
  • 7.2.3. By Application
  • 7.2.4. By End Users
  • 7.2.5. By Country

Chapter 8. Middle East & Africa Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Market Analysis

• 8.1. Market Dynamics and Trends
  • 8.1.1. Growth Drivers
  • 8.1.2. Restraints
  • 8.1.3. Opportunity
  • 8.1.4. Key Trends
• 8.2. Market Size and Forecast, 2020-2035 (US$ Mn)
  • 8.2.1. By Vehicle Type
  • 8.2.2. By Solution Type
  • 8.2.3. By Application
  • 8.2.4. By End Users
  • 8.2.5. By Country

Chapter 9. South America Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Market Analysis

• 9.1. Market Dynamics and Trends
  • 9.1.1. Growth Drivers
  • 9.1.2. Restraints
  • 9.1.3. Opportunity
  • 9.1.4. Key Trends
• 9.2. Market Size and Forecast, 2020-2035 (US$ Mn)
  • 9.2.1. By Vehicle Type
  • 9.2.2. By Solution Type
  • 9.2.3. By Application
  • 9.2.4. By End Users
  • 9.2.5. By Country

Chapter 10. Company Profile (Company Overview, Financial Matrix, Key Product landscape, Key Personnel, Key Competitors, Contact Address, and Business Strategy Outlook)

• 10.1. Nissan Motor Corporation
• 10.2. Mitsubishi Motors Corporation
• 10.3. NUVVE Corporation
• 10.4. Fermata Energy
• 10.5. ENGIE Group
• 10.6. OVO Energy Ltd.
• 10.7. Renault Group
• 10.8. Honda Motor Co., Ltd.
• 10.9. Hyundai Motor Company
• 10.10. AC Propulsion
• 10.11. Edison International.
• 10.12. DENSO Co.
• 10.13. Hitachi
• 10.14. Next Energy
• 10.15. NRG Energy
• 10.16. OVO Energy Ltd.
• 10.17. ChargeScape
• 10.18. Other Prominent Players

Chapter 11. Annexure

• 11.1. List of Secondary Sources
• 11.2. Key Country Markets- Macro Economic Outlook/Indicators