세계의 자동차용 리트레드 타이어 시장 : 프로세스 유형, 판매채널, 차종, 지역별 예측(-2030년)

Global Automotive Retread Tires Market Research Report Information By Process Type (Pre-cure and Mold-cure) Sales Channel (OEM, and aftermarket), Vehicle Type (passenger cars, light commercial vehicles, and heavy commercial vehicles), and By Region (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Middle East & Africa, and South & Central America) - Industry Forecast till 2030

Market Overview

The Automotive Retread Tires Market was valued at USD 7810.6 million in 2023. The automotive retread tire industry is expected to develop at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.74% over the forecast period. The Automotive Retread Tires Market is continually developing as a result of rising global demand for automobiles and increased government backing through rules and regulations. Furthermore, increased research and development capabilities among leading industry players are expected to fuel the region's market during the projection year. Because of government rules and regulations requiring tire sustainability, the tire industry is making tremendous efforts to produce tires in a greener and more sustainable manner while reducing CO2 emissions. The US government has introduced the bill H.R. 8165 (The Commercial Vehicle Fleet Retired Tire Utilization Reinvestment and Recovery Act of 2022). According to this bill, the government will grant a tax credit to fleet purchasers who purchase US-retreaded commercial tires. The federal government will assist moving the business model in favor of retarding, resulting in a highly successful method for recycling tires with significant economic and environmental benefits.

The tire contributes significantly to the fleet's running costs. Tire costs account for one-third of fleet operators' annual expenditures. Retreaded tires are approximately 40% more cost-effective than new tires, providing a substantial advantage in terms of operational efficiency. Furthermore, one of the key elements contributing to cheap retread costs is reduced rubber consumption, which reduces reliance on raw materials for retread tire manufacture. As a result of multiple recycling, the lifecycle of tires rises while the cost decreases dramatically.

Market Segment insights

Pre-cure and Mold-cure are the procedure types used to separate Automotive Retread Tires.

The sales channel divides the division into OEM and aftermarket.

The OEM segment's procedures include the production, procurement, and installation of car retread tires.

The Automotive Retread Tires market research segmentation is based on vehicle type: passenger cars, light commercial vehicles, and heavy commercial vehicles.

Regional insights

Asia Pacific accounted for the greatest share of revenue in 2022 and is predicted to maintain its lead in terms of CAGR in the coming years due to the massive development of the automotive sector in countries such as China, India, and Japan.

Furthermore, India's automotive industry is well-positioned in terms of GDP contribution, thanks to sustained rise in passenger car demand. India is a major vehicle exporter in Asia-Pacific, thanks to its high production rate, low labor costs, improving ease-of-doing business rating, status as a developing economy, and globally acknowledged engineering talents. Furthermore, rising knowledge of the use of retreaded tires, as well as a movement in consumer preference toward cost-effective solutions, are projected to promote automobile tire adoption during the projection period.

The need for automobile retread tires in construction and industrial equipment trucks is projected to boost the North American market. Furthermore, the consistently expanding demand for high-performance industrial-grade tires, particularly in the replacement market, is likely to provide profitable prospects for the automotive retread tire market over the forecast period. Offroading and rally racing are popular activities in this region. Europe has one of the world's major vehicle retread tire markets. The existence of key global automobile tire producers such as Michelin, Continental AG, and Pirelli & C. SpA. is driving the market.

Major Players

Bridgestone, Michelin, The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, Marangoni S.p.A., Nokian Tyre, MRF Tyre, Kraiburg Austria Gmbh & Co. KG, Jk Tyre, Continental AG, and Pirelli & C. S.p.A. are the market's leading participants.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• 1.1 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE
• 1.2 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL
• 1.3 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE

2 MARKET INTRODUCTION

• 2.1 DEFINITION
• 2.2 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
• 2.3 RESEARCH OBJECTIVE
• 2.4 MARKET STRUCTURE

3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

• 3.1 RESEARCH PROCESS
• 3.2 PRIMARY RESEARCH
• 3.3 SECONDARY RESEARCH
• 3.4 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION
• 3.5 FORECAST MODEL
• 3.6 LIST OF ASSUMPTIONS

4 MARKET DYNAMICS

• 4.1 OVERVIEW
• 4.2 DRIVERS
  • 4.2.1 INCREASING SALES OF THE TIRE
  • 4.2.2 GOVERNMENT SUPPORTING RULES AND REGULATIONS
  • 4.2.3 DRIVER IMPACT ANALYSIS
• 4.3 RESTRAINT
  • 4.3.1 RETREAD IS NOT USEFUL FOR ALL VEHICLE TIRE
  • 4.3.2 RESTRAINT IMPACT ANALYSIS
• 4.4 OPPORTUNITY
  • 4.4.1 LOW-COST OF RETREAD TIRE

5 MARKET FACTOR ANALYSIS

• 5.1 PORTER'S FIVE FORCES MODEL
  • 5.1.1 THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS
  • 5.1.2 BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS
  • 5.1.3 THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES
  • 5.1.4 BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS
  • 5.1.5 INTENSITY OF RIVALRY
• 5.2 SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS
  • 5.2.1 DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT
  • 5.2.2 RAW MATERIAL SUPPLY
  • 5.2.3 MANUFACTURE
  • 5.2.4 DISTRIBUTION
  • 5.2.5 END USE

6 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE

• 6.1 OVERVIEW
• 6.2 PRE-CURE
• 6.3 MOLD-CURE

7 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET , BY SALES CHANNEL

• 7.1 OVERVIEW
• 7.2 OEM
• 7.3 AFTERMARKET

8 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET , BY VEHICLE TYPE

• 8.1 OVERVIEW
• 8.2 PASSENGER CARS
• 8.3 LIGHT COMMERCIAL VEHICLES
• 8.4 HEAVY COMMERCIAL VEHICLES

9 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET , BY REGION

• 9.1 OVERVIEW
  • 9.1.1 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET , BY REGION, 2018-2030
• 9.2 NORTH AMERICA
  • 9.2.1 NORTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2030
  • 9.2.2 NORTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.2.3 NORTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
  • 9.2.4 NORTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.2.5 US
    • 9.2.5.1 US: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.2.5.2 US: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.2.5.3 US: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.2.6 CANADA
    • 9.2.6.1 CANADA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.2.6.2 CANADA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.2.6.3 CANADA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.2.7 MEXICO
    • 9.2.7.1 MEXICO: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.2.7.2 MEXICO: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.2.7.3 MEXICO: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
• 9.3 EUROPE
  • 9.3.1 EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2030
  • 9.3.2 EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.3.3 EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
  • 9.3.4 EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.3.5 GERMANY
    • 9.3.5.1 GERMANY: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.3.5.2 GERMANY: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.3.5.3 GERMANY: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.3.6 FRANCE
    • 9.3.6.1 FRANCE: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.3.6.2 FRANCE: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.3.6.3 FRANCE: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.3.7 UK
    • 9.3.7.1 UK: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.3.7.2 UK: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.3.7.3 UK: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.3.8 ITALY
    • 9.3.8.1 ITALY: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.3.8.2 ITALY: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.3.8.3 ITALY: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.3.9 REST OF EUROPE
    • 9.3.9.1 REST OF EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.3.9.2 REST OF EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.3.9.3 REST OF EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
• 9.4 ASIA-PACIFIC
  • 9.4.1 ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2030
  • 9.4.2 ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.4.3 ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
  • 9.4.4 ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.4.5 CHINA
    • 9.4.5.1 CHINA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.4.5.2 CHINA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.4.5.3 CHINA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.4.6 JAPAN
    • 9.4.6.1 JAPAN: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.4.6.2 JAPAN: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.4.6.3 JAPAN: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.4.7 INDIA
    • 9.4.7.1 INDIA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.4.7.2 INDIA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.4.7.3 INDIA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.4.8 SOUTH KOREA
    • 9.4.8.1 SOUTH KOREA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.4.8.2 SOUTH KOREA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.4.8.3 SOUTH KOREA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.4.9 AUSTRALIA
    • 9.4.9.1 AUSTRALIA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.4.9.2 AUSTRALIA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.4.9.3 AUSTRALIA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.4.10 REST OF APAC
    • 9.4.10.1 REST OF APAC: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.4.10.2 REST OF APAC: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.4.10.3 REST OF APAC: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
• 9.5 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA
  • 9.5.1 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2030
  • 9.5.2 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.5.3 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
  • 9.5.4 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.5.5 SAUDI ARABIA
    • 9.5.5.1 SAUDI ARABIA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.5.5.2 SAUDI ARABIA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.5.5.3 SAUDI ARABIA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.5.6 UAE
    • 9.5.6.1 UAE: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.5.6.2 UAE: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.5.6.3 UAE: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.5.7 SOUTH AFRICA
    • 9.5.7.1 SOUTH AFRICA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.5.7.2 SOUTH AFRICA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.5.7.3 SOUTH AFRICA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.5.8 NIGERIA
    • 9.5.8.1 NIGERIA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.5.8.2 NIGERIA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.5.8.3 NIGERIA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.5.9 REST OF MEA
    • 9.5.9.1 REST OF MEA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.5.9.2 REST OF MEA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.5.9.3 REST OF MEA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
• 9.6 SOUTH AMERICA
  • 9.6.1 SOUTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2030
  • 9.6.2 SOUTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.6.3 SOUTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
  • 9.6.4 SOUTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.6.5 BRAZIL
    • 9.6.5.1 BRAZIL: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.6.5.2 BRAZIL: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.6.5.3 BRAZIL: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.6.6 ARGENTINA
    • 9.6.6.1 ARGENTINA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.6.6.2 ARGENTINA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.6.6.3 ARGENTINA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030
  • 9.6.7 REST OF SOUTH AMERICA
    • 9.6.7.1 REST OF SOUTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY PROCESS TYPE, 2018-2030
    • 9.6.7.2 REST OF SOUTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018-2030
    • 9.6.7.3 REST OF SOUTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE RETREAD TIRES MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE, 2018-2030

10 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

• 10.1 INTRODUCTION
• 10.2 COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING
• 10.3 KEY DEVELOPMENT IN THE GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE RETARD TIRE MARKET
  • 10.3.1 PRODUCT LAUNCH/DEVELOPMENT
  • 10.3.2 PARTNERSHIP
  • 10.3.3 COLLABORATION
  • 10.3.4 BUSINESS EXPANSION
  • 10.3.5 AGREEMENT
  • 10.3.6 ACQUISITION

11 COMPANY PROFILES

• 11.1 BRIDGESTONE
  • 11.1.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW
  • 11.1.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW
  • 11.1.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED
  • 11.1.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS
  • 11.1.5 SWOT ANALYSIS
  • 11.1.6 KEY STRATEGIES
• 11.2 MICHELIN
  • 11.2.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW
  • 11.2.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW
  • 11.2.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED
  • 11.2.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS
  • 11.2.5 SWOT ANALYSIS
  • 11.2.6 KEY STRATEGIES
• 11.3 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY
  • 11.3.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW
  • 11.3.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW
  • 11.3.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED
  • 11.3.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS
  • 11.3.5 SWOT ANALYSIS
  • 11.3.6 KEY STRATEGIES
• 11.4 MARANGONI S.P.A
  • 11.4.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW
  • 11.4.2 PRODUCTS OFFERED
  • 11.4.3 KEY DEVELOPMENTS
  • 11.4.4 SWOT ANALYSIS
  • 11.4.5 KEY STRATEGIES
• 11.5 NOKIAN TYRES
  • 11.5.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW
  • 11.5.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW
  • 11.5.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED
  • 11.5.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS
  • 11.5.5 SWOT ANALYSIS
  • 11.5.6 KEY STRATEGIES
• 11.6 MRF TYRE
  • 11.6.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW
  • 11.6.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW
  • 11.6.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED
  • 11.6.4 SWOT ANALYSIS
  • 11.6.5 KEY STRATEGIES
• 11.7 KRAIBURG AUSTRIA GMBH & CO. KG
  • 11.7.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW
  • 11.7.2 PRODUCTS OFFERED
  • 11.7.3 KEY DEVELOPMENTS
  • 11.7.4 SWOT ANALYSIS
  • 11.7.5 KEY STRATEGIES
• 11.8 JK TYRE
  • 11.8.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW
  • 11.8.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW
  • 11.8.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED
  • 11.8.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS
  • 11.8.5 SWOT ANALYSIS
  • 11.8.6 KEY STRATEGIES
• 11.9 CONTINENTAL AG
  • 11.9.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW
  • 11.9.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW
  • 11.9.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED
  • 11.9.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS
  • 11.9.5 SWOT ANALYSIS
  • 11.9.6 KEY STRATEGIES
• 11.10 PIRELLI & C. S.P.A
  • 11.10.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW
  • 11.10.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW
  • 11.10.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED
  • 11.10.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS
  • 11.10.5 SWOT ANALYSIS
  • 11.10.6 KEY STRATEGIES