세계의 폐기물 에너지(WtE) 변환 시장 예측(-2032년) : 폐기물 유형별, 기술별, 용도별, 지역별 분석

According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Waste-to-Energy Conversion Market is accounted for $42.4 billion in 2025 and is expected to reach $66.32 billion by 2032 growing at a CAGR of 6.6% during the forecast period. Waste-to-Energy conversion turns everyday trash into useful power using technologies like combustion, gasification, and biological treatment. Rather than letting non-recyclable waste occupy landfills, specialized plants generate electricity, thermal power, or biofuels from it, reducing harmful emissions and limiting environmental degradation. Advanced pollution-control systems ensure cleaner operations, making the process more eco-friendly. Because it transforms discarded waste into productive energy, this approach supports circular economy principles and decreases reliance on conventional fossil resources. With global waste levels increasing, many countries are adopting Waste-to-Energy solutions as a dual strategy for efficient waste management and renewable energy generation, contributing to sustainable development goals.

According to Eninrac Consulting's summary of MNRE data, India's installed capacity for WtE stood at around 300 MW as of early 2023, with significant expansion planned through public-private partnerships and urban local body initiatives.

Market Dynamics:

Driver:

Rising municipal solid waste generation

The continuous increase in solid waste, driven by urban expansion, higher consumer activity, and population growth, is placing heavy pressure on landfill infrastructure. Traditional dumping methods demand large land areas and contribute to air and soil pollution, creating sustainability challenges. Waste-to-Energy systems address these issues by converting mixed, non-recyclable waste into electricity, steam, or fuel, reducing the burden on landfill sites. Many governments are investing in WtE plants to ensure cleaner urban environments and better waste management. Because these plants treat large waste volumes while generating power, they serve as a dual-benefit solution. With global waste quantities rising every year, the market for WtE solutions continues to strengthen.

Restraint:

High capital investment requirements

Establishing Waste-to-Energy plants demands heavy financial investment due to advanced machinery, emission filters, land acquisition, and facility construction. Compared to conventional waste disposal or recycling options, WtE technology is far more costly to install and operate. Developing nations often face funding shortages, making it difficult to launch large-scale projects. In addition, strict regulatory approvals and environmental assessments increase project timelines and expenses, creating hesitation among investors. Although revenues can eventually be earned from energy production and tipping fees, financial returns take many years. Because of high capital costs and slow payback periods, many governments and private developers remain cautious about adopting WtE plants.

Opportunity:

Expansion of circular economy initiatives

Growing interest in circular economy principles is creating strong opportunities for the Waste-to-Energy sector. Instead of discarding trash in landfills, WtE helps recover usable energy from non-recyclable materials, supporting resource efficiency. Governments, municipalities, and corporations are embracing sustainable waste systems to meet climate and ESG targets, making WtE an attractive choice. Businesses aiming for carbon neutrality also view WtE as a tool to reduce emissions and improve operational sustainability. As more regions shift from traditional disposal to regenerative resource practices, WtE becomes a core component in waste management plans. The global movement toward recycling, reuse, and energy recovery significantly boosts market potential.

Threat:

Competition from recycling and composting solutions

Recycling, composting, and zero-landfill strategies increasingly compete with Waste-to-Energy facilities. Since many governments view material recovery as a higher environmental priority, they often direct waste toward sorting plants and compost units rather than WtE systems. Improved recycling technologies and low-cost organic processing reduce the amount of waste available for energy generation. Activists also claim that WtE might reduce motivation for recycling efforts if waste is burned instead of repurposed. As more regions introduce strict recycling mandates, WtE plants may struggle to secure enough feedstock, affecting efficiency and profit margins. This rising preference for recycling threatens future WtE expansion.

Covid-19 Impact:

COVID-19 created both challenges and opportunities for the Waste-to-Energy sector. During lockdowns, reduced commercial activity caused lower waste generation, affecting plant operations and feedstock availability. Many WtE projects faced delays because of supply chain disruptions, limited workforce, and restrictions on construction. At the same time, rising volumes of household and medical waste highlighted the importance of safe, scientific waste treatment. Governments and municipalities adopted WtE as a secure disposal method, especially for infectious materials. Increased focus on sanitation and environmental health encouraged investment in advanced waste management technologies. As restrictions eased, suspended projects restarted, supporting market stabilization and future growth.

The municipal solid waste (MSW) segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period

The municipal solid waste (MSW) segment is expected to account for the largest market share during the forecast period, mainly because city-based waste is generated in massive and constant quantities. Homes, offices, restaurants, and public institutions produce mixed waste that cannot be entirely recycled or dumped safely. WtE facilities are designed to treat these varied waste streams and convert them into usable power or heat, offering a reliable solution for municipalities. Policymakers support MSW-based WtE projects to reduce landfill dependence and improve urban cleanliness. With increasing population and rapid urban growth, MSW volumes continue rising, providing a steady and practical fuel source for energy recovery systems, making it the leading WtE segment.

The gasification segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period

Over the forecast period, the gasification segment is predicted to witness the highest growth rate, mainly because it transforms solid waste into syngas with fewer pollutants than incineration. The system operates at high heat with limited oxygen, producing gas that can be used for electricity production, heating applications, or advanced fuels. Its flexibility, ability to treat different waste types, and compact plant layouts make it a practical option for expanding cities. Governments and private developers are increasingly selecting gasification to achieve cleaner operations, higher efficiency, and minimal residual ash. With rising demand for low-emission waste solutions, this technology is receiving increased funding and market attention worldwide.

Region with largest share:

During the forecast period, the Europe region is expected to hold the largest market share because it has well-developed treatment systems, strict environmental laws, and aggressive landfill reduction rules. Nations like Denmark, Sweden, Germany, and the Netherlands rely on WtE facilities to manage municipal waste while producing power and district heating. The region's policies focus on recycling, emission reduction, and circular resource use, making WtE an important part of national waste strategies. Supportive regulations, climate goals, and technological advancements continue driving new plant construction. Since urban areas have limited space for landfills and high sustainability awareness, Europe prioritizes energy recovery from waste, allowing it to maintain the highest share in the global market.

Region with highest CAGR:

Over the forecast period, the Asia Pacific region is anticipated to exhibit the highest CAGR because of expanding cities, increasing population density, and surging waste volumes. Many areas are running out of landfill space, encouraging authorities to adopt WtE plants as an alternative disposal method. Countries including China, India, Japan, and South Korea are upgrading waste systems and using technologies like gasification and incineration to generate clean power. Government incentives, infrastructure funding, and partnerships with private developers are speeding construction of new facilities. With stronger environmental policies and rising demand for renewable energy, Asia-Pacific continues to show the highest growth momentum in the global WtE sector.

Key players in the market

Some of the key players in Waste-to-Energy Conversion Market include A2z Group, Abellon Clean Energy Ltd, Ecogreen Energy Pvt. Ltd, Il&fs Environnemental Infrastructure And Services Limited, Suez Group, Hitachi Zosen Inova, Hydroair Techtonics (pcd) Limited, Jitf Urban Infrastructure Limited, Mailhem Environment Pvt. Ltd, Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd, Rollz India Waste Management, Veolia Environnement SA, Gj Eco Power Pvt. Ltd, Covanta Holding Corporation and JFE Engineering Corporation.

Key Developments:

In June 2025, Veolia, the world leader in hazardous waste treatment with 5b$ in this activity, patented technologies and a worldwide presence, today announced actions to expand its hazardous waste treatment and disposal business in North America through investment, acquisitions and capacity expansion. The company announced c.$350 million (€300m) in global investments worldwide, including three new U.S. acquisitions in Massachusetts and California and reaffirmed plans to expand existing facilities.

In April 2025, SUEZ and the Gabonese Energy and Water Company (SEEG) have signed a five-year contract to optimize drinking water production and distribution services in Libreville and major cities in Gabon. Under this new contract, SUEZ will work alongside SEEG across all its business lines, including production, transport, distribution, and customer management.

In October 2024, A2Z Cust2mate Solutions Corp. announced it has signed a framework agreement with Trixo ("Trixo"), a leading retail technology integrator providing technology and IT and other services in Mexico and Central America, for in-field installation, deployment, in-store and laboratory support, maintenance, help desk services and warranty fulfillment related to the company's Cust2Mate smart cart solutions to be rolled out in Mexico and Central America.

Waste Types Covered:

• Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)
• Industrial Waste
• Agricultural Waste
• Medical Waste
• Electronic Waste (E-Waste)
• Hazardous Waste

Technologies Covered:

• Incineration
• Gasification
• Pyrolysis
• Anaerobic Digestion
• Fermentation
• Plasma Arc Treatment
• Mechanical-Biological Treatment (MBT)

Applications Covered:

• Electricity Generation
• Heat Generation
• Combined Heat and Power (CHP)
• Fuel Production

Regions Covered:

• North America
  • US
  • Canada
  • Mexico
• Europe
  • Germany
  • UK
  • Italy
  • France
  • Spain
  • Rest of Europe
• Asia Pacific
  • Japan
  • China
  • India
  • Australia
  • New Zealand
  • South Korea
  • Rest of Asia Pacific
• South America
  • Argentina
  • Brazil
  • Chile
  • Rest of South America
• Middle East & Africa
  • Saudi Arabia
  • UAE
  • Qatar
  • South Africa
  • Rest of Middle East & Africa

What our report offers:

• Market share assessments for the regional and country-level segments
• Strategic recommendations for the new entrants
• Covers Market data for the years 2024, 2025, 2026, 2028, and 2032
• Market Trends (Drivers, Constraints, Opportunities, Threats, Challenges, Investment Opportunities, and recommendations)
• Strategic recommendations in key business segments based on the market estimations
• Competitive landscaping mapping the key common trends
• Company profiling with detailed strategies, financials, and recent developments
• Supply chain trends mapping the latest technological advancements

Free Customization Offerings:

All the customers of this report will be entitled to receive one of the following free customization options:

• Company Profiling
  • Comprehensive profiling of additional market players (up to 3)
  • SWOT Analysis of key players (up to 3)
• Regional Segmentation
  • Market estimations, Forecasts and CAGR of any prominent country as per the client's interest (Note: Depends on feasibility check)
• Competitive Benchmarking
  • Benchmarking of key players based on product portfolio, geographical presence, and strategic alliances

Table of Contents

1 Executive Summary

2 Preface

• 2.1 Abstract
• 2.2 Stake Holders
• 2.3 Research Scope
• 2.4 Research Methodology
  • 2.4.1 Data Mining
  • 2.4.2 Data Analysis
  • 2.4.3 Data Validation
  • 2.4.4 Research Approach
• 2.5 Research Sources
  • 2.5.1 Primary Research Sources
  • 2.5.2 Secondary Research Sources
  • 2.5.3 Assumptions

3 Market Trend Analysis

• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Drivers
• 3.3 Restraints
• 3.4 Opportunities
• 3.5 Threats
• 3.6 Technology Analysis
• 3.7 Application Analysis
• 3.8 Emerging Markets
• 3.9 Impact of Covid-19

4 Porters Five Force Analysis

• 4.1 Bargaining power of suppliers
• 4.2 Bargaining power of buyers
• 4.3 Threat of substitutes
• 4.4 Threat of new entrants
• 4.5 Competitive rivalry

5 Global Waste-to-Energy Conversion Market, By Waste Type

• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)
• 5.3 Industrial Waste
• 5.4 Agricultural Waste
• 5.5 Medical Waste
• 5.6 Electronic Waste (E-Waste)
• 5.7 Hazardous Waste

6 Global Waste-to-Energy Conversion Market, By Technology

• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 Incineration
• 6.3 Gasification
• 6.4 Pyrolysis
• 6.5 Anaerobic Digestion
• 6.6 Fermentation
• 6.7 Plasma Arc Treatment
• 6.8 Mechanical-Biological Treatment (MBT)

7 Global Waste-to-Energy Conversion Market, By Application

• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 Electricity Generation
• 7.3 Heat Generation
• 7.4 Combined Heat and Power (CHP)
• 7.5 Fuel Production

8 Global Waste-to-Energy Conversion Market, By Geography

• 8.1 Introduction
• 8.2 North America
  • 8.2.1 US
  • 8.2.2 Canada
  • 8.2.3 Mexico
• 8.3 Europe
  • 8.3.1 Germany
  • 8.3.2 UK
  • 8.3.3 Italy
  • 8.3.4 France
  • 8.3.5 Spain
  • 8.3.6 Rest of Europe
• 8.4 Asia Pacific
  • 8.4.1 Japan
  • 8.4.2 China
  • 8.4.3 India
  • 8.4.4 Australia
  • 8.4.5 New Zealand
  • 8.4.6 South Korea
  • 8.4.7 Rest of Asia Pacific
• 8.5 South America
  • 8.5.1 Argentina
  • 8.5.2 Brazil
  • 8.5.3 Chile
  • 8.5.4 Rest of South America
• 8.6 Middle East & Africa
  • 8.6.1 Saudi Arabia
  • 8.6.2 UAE
  • 8.6.3 Qatar
  • 8.6.4 South Africa
  • 8.6.5 Rest of Middle East & Africa

9 Key Developments

• 9.1 Agreements, Partnerships, Collaborations and Joint Ventures
• 9.2 Acquisitions & Mergers
• 9.3 New Product Launch
• 9.4 Expansions
• 9.5 Other Key Strategies

10 Company Profiling

• 10.1 A2z Group
• 10.2 Abellon Clean Energy Ltd
• 10.3 Ecogreen Energy Pvt. Ltd
• 10.4 Il&fs Environnemental Infrastructure And Services Limited
• 10.5 Suez Group
• 10.6 Hitachi Zosen Inova
• 10.7 Hydroair Techtonics (pcd) Limited
• 10.8 Jitf Urban Infrastructure Limited
• 10.9 Mailhem Environment Pvt. Ltd
• 10.10 Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd
• 10.11 Rollz India Waste Management
• 10.12 Veolia Environnement SA
• 10.13 Gj Eco Power Pvt. Ltd
• 10.14 Covanta Holding Corporation
• 10.15 JFE Engineering Corporation