AI 훈련용 GPU 시장 : 점유율 분석, 업계 동향과 통계, 성장 예측(2026-2031년)

According to Mordor Intelligence, the aI training gPU market size is expected to grow from USD 25.28 billion in 2025 to USD 30.84 billion in 2026 and is forecast to reach USD 98.65 billion by 2031 at a 26.18% CAGR over 2026-2031.

This report is Segmented by Deployment Environment (Hyperscale/Cloud, Enterprise, and Government and Research), Memory Type (HBM [HBM2e, HBM3, and More], and GDDR-Based), Interconnect and Scaling (Single GPU, Multi-GPU Intra-Node, and More), End-Use Training Workload (Foundation Models/LLM, Computer Vision, Speech/NLP Models, and More), and Geography. The Market Forecasts are Provided in Terms of Value (USD).

Global AI Training GPU Market Trends and Insights

Widespread Adoption Of Generative AI In Enterprise Workloads

Enterprises moved training clusters on-premises in 2025 and 2026 to protect proprietary data, cut API-based inference charges, and fine-tune models on sector-specific corpora. Dell Technologies reported that more than 4,000 AI Factory customers have purchased 8-GPU to 32-GPU systems across healthcare, finance, and legal use cases. Professional-services firms installed NVIDIA GB300 NVL72 racks for internal projects, pushing enterprise demand from a negligible base in 2023 to high-single-digit market contribution by 2025. Three-year total cost of ownership per rack runs USD 2-5 million, yet organizations rationalize the spend against potential annual per-token fees that exceed USD 0.5 million under third-party billing models. The economics encourage hybrid architectures that keep sensitive workloads behind the firewall while bursting less-critical jobs to the cloud. GPU vendors that provide flexible licensing and multi-tenancy support are therefore winning incremental share.

Rapid Scaling Of Hyperscale AI Training Infrastructure Investments

Microsoft, Google, Amazon, Meta, and Oracle collectively signaled roughly USD 700 billion of capital outlays for AI infrastructure through 2027, with 40-50% earmarked for training clusters. Oracle and OpenAI's Project Jupiter in Texas alone carries a USD 165 billion budget and plans to install more than 1 million GPUs before 2030. Capacity reservations now span multiple years, so utilization targets have risen into the 70-80% range, well above 2023 levels. Independent providers such as Applied Digital and IREN secured multi-billion-dollar lease commitments to furnish GPU-as-a-service capacity, confirming sustained hyperscale demand. The pivot to pre-purchased capacity compresses idle-time buffers and increases baseline consumption, driving consistent pull-through for GPU shipments across 2026-2028.

Persistent Supply-Chain Constraints In Advanced Packaging Capacity

TSMC's CoWoS lines operated at full utilization in 2025 because GPU, HPC, and networking demand collectively exceeded capacity by roughly one-third. Lead times stretched to 12-18 months, forcing vendors to prioritize deliveries to hyperscalers with multiyear commitments and leaving enterprises with delays of up to nine months. Plans to boost CoWoS output by 50% during 2026 and to double it by 2028 are underway, but each new line costs USD 1-1.5 billion and requires lengthy equipment qualification. Competing approaches such as Samsung's I-Cube and Intel's Foveros have yet to reach third-party high-volume manufacturing, so tightness is unlikely to ease meaningfully before 2027. The bottleneck caps annual shipment growth at mid-30% even though potential demand supports 50-60%, granting hyperscalers with locked-in allocations a structural advantage.

Other drivers and restraints analyzed in the detailed report include:

1. Transition To Advanced HBM3 And HBM3e Memory Stacks Boosting GPU ASPs
2. Proliferation Of Sovereign AI Initiatives Driving Government Procurement
3. Rising Total Cost Of Ownership For Cluster-Scale GPU Deployments

For complete list of drivers and restraints, kindly check the Table Of Contents.

Segment Analysis

Hyperscale and cloud installations accounted for 70.27% of 2025 revenue in the AI Training GPU market, reflecting routine deployments of clusters with more than 10,000 GPUs. Enterprises, however, are catching up, advancing at a 26.71% CAGR through 2031 as internal fine-tuning workloads grow. The AI Training GPU market size for enterprise buyers is forecast to expand steadily as more organizations weigh intellectual property control against cloud costs. Government and research institutions, supported by sovereign mandates, are layering incremental demand that diversifies the customer base.

Procurement patterns differ sharply. Hyperscalers lock in multi-year GPU and HBM supply, thereby capturing favorable pricing and guaranteed allocation during shortages. Enterprises often purchase spot inventory, which comes with 30% surcharges and longer lead times. Government tenders increasingly stipulate local assembly, steering contracts toward regional champions and limiting the addressable opportunity for export-constrained vendors. This bifurcation creates parallel supply chains that global suppliers must manage to sustain revenue growth without breaching licensing regimes.

HBM-equipped accelerators accounted for 53.47% of the 2025 value, significantly reducing the market share of GDDR products, which are now primarily used for legacy vision and recommendation models. The introduction of HBM3e into mass production led to a sharp increase in average selling prices, further solidifying the dominance of HBM-based cards in the AI Training GPU market with a CAGR of 26.98% over the forecast period. This segment is projected to maintain its leadership in the value mix through 2031. The HBM supply chain is controlled by three key suppliers, SK hynix, Samsung, and Micron, creating an oligopolistic market structure that ensures stable margins for these players.

While GDDR GPUs continue to serve smaller-parameter workloads, software development teams are increasingly preferring a unified HBM stack. This shift is driven by the need to avoid the complexities and inefficiencies associated with dual optimization flows. The anticipated sampling of HBM4 in late 2027 is expected to push per-package bandwidth to approximately 2 TB/s, reinforcing the trend of premium pricing in the market. Vendors that fail to secure sufficient HBM allocations risk losing market share, especially as transformer model sizes exceed 100 billion parameters. In such scenarios, memory bandwidth becomes the critical factor influencing training times, overtaking compute density in importance.

Geography Analysis

Asia-Pacific contributed 67.43% of global 2025 revenue and is forecast to sustain a 26.59% CAGR through 2031. China accelerated domestic adoption of accelerators after U.S. export controls, with Huawei's Ascend 910B and Biren BR104 capturing roughly one-quarter of internal demand. Japan's JPY 2 trillion (USD 13.2 billion) program and India's USD 1.23 billion mission underpin growth, while South Korea leverages memory-supply muscle to negotiate competitive bundle pricing. Singapore and Malaysia are emerging as regional data center hubs thanks to supportive policy frameworks, tax incentives, and access to subsea cables.

North America remains the epicenter of hyperscale outlays. Oracle and OpenAI's USD 165 billion Project Jupiter in Texas and Microsoft's expansion of Azure AI regions keep capital intensity high. Lower-cost hydroelectric, nuclear, and gas power enables favorable total-cost economics compared with Europe, where electricity can cost 3 times the U.S. average. Canada's CAD 890 million (USD 650 million) sovereign compute project is building regional capacity, while Mexico is attracting nearshore investments for Spanish-language model training workloads.

Europe trails in absolute value yet is closing the gap through the EuroHPC Joint Undertaking's EUR 7 billion (USD 7.5 billion) exascale initiative. Germany and France are adding 10,000-plus GPU clusters at national labs, and the United Kingdom's GBP 500 million (USD 630 million) AI Research Resource ensures domestic access to training compute. Regulatory overhead from the EU AI Act may consolidate demand among larger institutions that can absorb compliance costs. Overall, geographic spending remains concentrated but increasingly balanced by sovereign-funded projects that diversify procurement.

1. NVIDIA Corporation
2. Advanced Micro Devices Inc.
3. Intel Corporation
4. Baidu Inc.
5. Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
6. Graphcore Ltd.
7. Cerebras Systems Inc.
8. Alibaba Group Holding Limited
9. Google LLC
10. Amazon.com Inc.
11. Meta Platforms Inc.
12. Microsoft Corporation
13. SambaNova Systems Inc.
14. Tenstorrent Inc.
15. Qualcomm Incorporated
16. Tesla Inc.
17. Fujitsu Limited
18. IBM Corporation
19. Hewlett Packard Enterprise Company
20. Giga Computing Technology (GIGABYTE)

Additional Benefits:

• The market estimate (ME) sheet in Excel format
• 3 months of analyst support

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION

• 1.1 Study Assumptions and Market Definition
• 1.2 Scope of the Study

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

4 MARKET LANDSCAPE

• 4.1 Market Overview
• 4.2 Market Drivers
  • 4.2.1 Widespread Adoption of Generative AI in Enterprise Workloads
  • 4.2.2 Rapid Scaling of Hyperscale AI Training Infrastructure Investments
  • 4.2.3 Transition to Advanced HBM3 and HBM3e Memory Stacks Boosting GPU ASPs
  • 4.2.4 Vendor-Neutral Open Interconnect Standards like NVLink-CXL Convergence
  • 4.2.5 Proliferation of Sovereign AI Initiatives Driving Government Procurement
  • 4.2.6 Emergence of Liquid Cooling as a Standard for High-TDP Training GPUs
• 4.3 Market Restraints
  • 4.3.1 Persistent Supply-Chain Constraints in Advanced Packaging Capacity
  • 4.3.2 Rising Total Cost of Ownership for Cluster-Scale GPU Deployments
  • 4.3.3 Geopolitical Export Controls on High-End GPUs to China and Middle East
  • 4.3.4 Increasing Competition from Custom AI Accelerators and ASICs
• 4.4 Impact of Macroeconomic Factors on the Market
• 4.5 Industry Value Chain Analysis
• 4.6 Regulatory Landscape
• 4.7 Technological Outlook
• 4.8 Porter's Five Forces Analysis
  • 4.8.1 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
  • 4.8.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
  • 4.8.3 Threat of New Entrants
  • 4.8.4 Threat of Substitutes
  • 4.8.5 Intensity of Competitive Rivalry

5 MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH FORECASTS (VALUE)

• 5.1 By Deployment Environment
  • 5.1.1 Hyperscale / Cloud
  • 5.1.2 Enterprise
  • 5.1.3 Government and Research
• 5.2 By Memory Type
  • 5.2.1 HBM
    • 5.2.1.1 HBM2e
    • 5.2.1.2 HBM3
    • 5.2.1.3 HBM3e
    • 5.2.1.4 HBM4
  • 5.2.2 GDDR-based
    • 5.2.2.1 Low-End Training / Legacy
• 5.3 By Interconnect and Scaling
  • 5.3.1 Single GPU
  • 5.3.2 Multi-GPU (Intra-node)
  • 5.3.3 Cluster-Scale (Multi-node)
• 5.4 By End-Use Training Workload
  • 5.4.1 Foundation Models / LLM Training
  • 5.4.2 Computer Vision Training
  • 5.4.3 Speech / NLP Models
  • 5.4.4 Recommendation Systems / Graph Models
• 5.5 By Geography
  • 5.5.1 North America
    • 5.5.1.1 United States
    • 5.5.1.2 Canada
    • 5.5.1.3 Mexico
  • 5.5.2 Europe
    • 5.5.2.1 Germany
    • 5.5.2.2 United Kingdom
    • 5.5.2.3 France
    • 5.5.2.4 Italy
    • 5.5.2.5 Rest of Europe
  • 5.5.3 Asia-Pacific
    • 5.5.3.1 China
    • 5.5.3.2 Japan
    • 5.5.3.3 South Korea
    • 5.5.3.4 India
    • 5.5.3.5 Southeast Asia
    • 5.5.3.6 Rest of Asia-Pacific
  • 5.5.4 South America
  • 5.5.5 Middle East
  • 5.5.6 Africa

6 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

• 6.1 Market Concentration
• 6.2 Strategic Moves
• 6.3 Market Share Analysis
• 6.4 Company Profiles (includes Global Level Overview, Market Level Overview, Core Segments, Financials as available, Strategic Information, Market Rank/Share, Products and Services, Recent Developments)
  • 6.4.1 NVIDIA Corporation
  • 6.4.2 Advanced Micro Devices Inc.
  • 6.4.3 Intel Corporation
  • 6.4.4 Baidu Inc.
  • 6.4.5 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
  • 6.4.6 Graphcore Ltd.
  • 6.4.7 Cerebras Systems Inc.
  • 6.4.8 Alibaba Group Holding Limited
  • 6.4.9 Google LLC
  • 6.4.10 Amazon.com Inc.
  • 6.4.11 Meta Platforms Inc.
  • 6.4.12 Microsoft Corporation
  • 6.4.13 SambaNova Systems Inc.
  • 6.4.14 Tenstorrent Inc.
  • 6.4.15 Qualcomm Incorporated
  • 6.4.16 Tesla Inc.
  • 6.4.17 Fujitsu Limited
  • 6.4.18 IBM Corporation
  • 6.4.19 Hewlett Packard Enterprise Company
  • 6.4.20 Giga Computing Technology (GIGABYTE)

7 MARKET OPPORTUNITIES AND FUTURE OUTLOOK

• 7.1 White-Space and Unmet-Need Assessment